A. WELCOME! This is version 2.0 of the HyperTable package for HyperCard IIGS. 2 megabytes of RAM and a hard disk drive are highly recommended, although you can probably get away with only 1.5 megabytes of memory using a minimal System folder. Before you start wandering around in the HyperTable, please make a backup copy of the stack. It is very easy to accidentally modify a stack in HyperCard IIGS, and you will want to have a fresh copy on hand if you inadvertently scramble some of the scripts or data. The following files are included in the unregistered HyperTable package: HyperTable (HyperCard IIGS stack) Read.Me (a brief introductory file) HT.Docs (the Teach file you are reading now) HT.Icons (icon file, inside the Icons folder) HT.Install (Installer script) GSXEdit (Mark CinelliÕs freeware Teach file editor) GSXEdit.Docs (documentation for GSXEdit) Monostrike.09 (font used in the HyperTable) 1. Installing the HyperTable If you are a fairly competent GS/OS user, then you should have no problems copying the files to the right places on your hard drive. A technical note: the family ID number of the custom Monostrike font is 26549. It is highly unlikely that there will be a conflict with existing fonts, but if you start having problems with fonts suddenly disappearing, you might want to investigate this possibility. I have 35 different typefaces installed on my system, plus another 115 or so off-line, and none of them conflict with Monostrike. For those who are still a little hesitant dragging files and folders all over their hard drive, IÕve included an Installer script file which will make sure everything is in the right place. For the Installer to work, the HyperTable files must be on a disk called HyperTable2.0. If you are a registered user, you will have that disk already. Otherwise, get a blank 3.5" floppy disk, name it HyperTable2.0 and copy all the files to the floppy. Copy the HT.Install file into the Scripts folder (which should be in the same folder as the Installer). Now double-click the Installer icon to start it up. When the Installer window appears, look at the scrolling window on the left side. Click the item that reads ÒInstall HyperTableÓ (you might have to scroll down to find it). In the window on the right, open the folder where you want to install the HyperTable. Now click the Install button. A dialog on the screen will keep track of the installation process. The HyperTable iconÕs application pathname is set to simply ÒHyperCardIIGSÓ. You will have to edit the pathname using an icon editor like IconEd or DIcEd. This doesnÕt affect the performance of the HyperTable in any way, except that you will not be able to open it directly from the Finder by double-clicking it. 2. Using the HyperTable The HyperTable stack is intended to be an electronic reference guide. In a school environment, it would probably be best to have one Apple IIGS station set up with HyperCard IIGS already loaded so that the HyperTable can be easily accessed by the students. The level of material contained in the stack is suitable for high school chemistry classes, although some of the terms used may not be encountered until a first-year university course. Like many other HyperCard IIGS stacks, reading the documentation is not essential. The stack is laid out in a systematic fashion, and most of the stackÕs controls are self-explanatory. However, to get the most of this software, you should briefly go through the section ÒCARD CONTROLSÓ to familiarize yourself with some of the less obvious aspects of the stack. 3. Shareware fee? The HyperTable package is not entirely free. I have spent a lot of time over the past six months designing, modifying, debugging and fine-tuning this stack. If you like this stack and continue to use it after a two-week trial period, I would appreciate it if you honour the $20 shareware fee. While I do not intend to make a living out of this, I will gladly accept any amount to help defray the costs of production. Laser printing, blank disks, disk mailers and postage all cost money, so know that your shareware cheques are being put to good use! When I receive your shareware fee, I will write back to you as quickly as possible and put you on my mailing list. The HyperTable package includes: a 3.5" floppy with the latest version of the stack and a few other files not included in the unregistered version, printed documentation, plus free updates to new versions of the HyperTable. My postal and e-mail addresses can be found in the stack itself, or at the end of this file. Having said that, I should point out that the GSXEdit Teach file editor included on the HyperTable disk is freeware. This means you are not obliged to send any money, but the software is still copyright by the author. Mark Cinelli is the author and his address can be found by choosing the About GSXEditª... item under the Apple menu. 4. Legal stuff As IÕve already mentioned, you are entitled to use the HyperTable for a period of two-weeks after receiving it. Once the two weeks are up, you must send in the shareware registration fee or delete all copies of the software from your computer. Obviously, there is no way I or anybody can enforce this, so IÕm relying on your honesty in this matter. The $20 registration fee entitles you to a single copy of the HyperTable package running on a single machine at one time, although you may have another copy as a backup. For schools in networked environments with three or more Apple IIGS computers, I am requesting a one-time licensing fee of $75 per network fileserver. Please send me a note indicating which version of the HyperTable you have so that I can send you the latest release. Printed documen- tation is included as well as a free copy of the next update. In the future, a shareware HyperStudio version may be available. If a suitable distribution agreement is reached, registered network users will receive this package without any additional cost to them. Apple, Apple IIGS, AppleShare, HyperCard IIGS, GS/OS and ProDOS 8 are registered names or trademarks of Apple Computer, Inc. AppleWorks is a registered trademark of Apple Computer, Inc. licensed to Claris Corporation. HyperStudio is a registered trademark of Roger Wagner Publishing. B. CARD CONTROLS The first card youÕll see after opening the HyperTable is the welcome screen (otherwise known as the ÒAboutÓ card). You can find my e-mail and postal addresses on this card, as well as a special HyperTable button. Click this button to install the HyperTable icon into your Home stack. I havenÕt really idiot-proofed this auto-installer, but the script is pretty simple so nothing should go wrong. Once youÕve read the blurb, click the mouse button to get rid of the dialog box. The Periodic Table is the next card you will see. From this card, you can jump directly to any other card in the stack. You simply click the elementÕs box and it will find the right card for you. Each box contains the chemical symbol, the atomic number and the natural state of the element at 293 K (thatÕs kelvin, not kilobytes!) or 30¡C. The four buttons located just under the main table are identical to the ones found on the element cards. Their functions are explained below. On the element cards, there are two major groups of controls. The first bunch are all found at the bottom of the screen, on the raised Òcontrol barÓ. These eleven icons will give you access to everything this stack can do, including exporting data, finding information, moving around the Periodic Table and quitting the stack. The other group of card controls are located in various spots on the card. Some are not obvious, so read the documentation below to take full advantage of the HyperTable. 1. Pop-up menu controls The four icons on the left side of the control bar (a floppy disk, a printer, a check mark and a magnifying glass) will display menus when they are pressed. Since these menus are normally hidden and only appear when you hold down the mouse button, they are called Òpop-up menusÓ. Use them like any other menu: drag the pointer over the item you want to select, then release the mouse button. The floppy disk menu lets you export database information contained within the HyperTable to an external program. If you have previously marked certain cards (see ÒCheck markÓ below), data from all the marked cards will be exported. Otherwise only the current element is exported. The pop-up menu presents two choices: Export to Word Processor and Export to Database. The first option will format the data so that it can be included in any word processor which supports the tab character (AppleWorks 3.0, AppleWorks GS, an NDA text editor, etc.) Tabs are used to separate columns of text. You may have to adjust the tab stops in your word processor to align the left side of the columns. The second option will export the data as unformatted ASCII text. This file can be imported into an AppleWorks database (see section D, ÒMOVING DATA AROUNDÓ). After the output has been generated, you have the option of exporting it to the Clipboard or to a disk file. If you want to use the data in another GS/OS desktop application, the Clipboard method may be more convenient. However, it serves only as temporary storage. Its contents are lost the next time you cut or copy something to the Clipboard, or when you reboot the computer. Saving the information to a disk file ensures your data will be available when you need it, and it works equally well for GS/OS and ProDOS 8 applications. If you choose to save the data to a disk file, a Standard File dialog will appear. You can type in a new name for the file if you want, and then press Return to save it. In this version, the printer icon simply pops up a small menu with two commands allowing you to change the page setup and to print the current card. They are identical to the menu items found under the File menu. The ability to print marked cards and custom reports will be added in a future release. The Òcheck markÓ pop-up menu presents you with several choices. This menu controls the marking of elements for later review and data export. Mark This Element will mark the current element to be exported later on (see ÒFloppy diskÓ above). An ascending musical arpeggio will confirm that the element has been marked. HyperTable wonÕt let you mark the same element more than once. Delete an Element... will present a dialog box with a list of all the marked elements. Click on an element to select it, then click Unmark to delete it from the list. You can also double-click the line to unmark the element. A descending musical arpeggio signals that the element has been deleted. After asking for confirmation, Clear List... will delete all the marked elements from the list. Toggle List will show a list of all currently marked elements. The list will appear in the Info Box space (just above the left side of the control bar). You can hide the list by clicking on it or selecting Toggle List again. Show Marked Elements displays in sequence all the marked elements. It will wait for you to click the mouse, then go on to the next element on the list. Once all the elements have been shown, it will return to the element where you first invoked the command. The list of marked elements is stored with the stack. Since it is contained in a text field and not a variable, it will not be reset unless you explicitly ask that it be cleared, even if you exit the stack and quit HyperCard IIGS. The magnifying glass is the HyperTable Find menu. Several options are available to you, depending on how and where you want to search for information. The first two choices, Find Any... and Find Whole..., will search for specified words no matter where they appear on the card. These work in the same way as the HyperTalk ÒfindÓ and Òfind wholeÓ commands. If the search is successful, you can simply press Return to search for subsequent occurrences. The next three choices limit the search to specific areas of the card. Find Element... will prompt you for the name (or partial name) of an element. HyperTable will jump to the element (assuming you typed it in correctly), even though its name may appear on other cards. Find Symbol... and Find Atomic N¼... are similar, but instead of typing in the elementÕs name, you provide either the chemical symbol, or the atomic number. Please note that when searching for a chemical symbol of two letters or less, the search will take longer than usual. This is a limitation inherent to HyperCard IIGS. For searches, you should provide at least three letters. Clicking on the Name, Symbol and Atomic Number fields (not the blue titles, but the field itself) at the top of the card will also bring up their respective Find dialogs. 2. Navigation buttons The cluster of three buttons in the center of the control bar allow you to move around the HyperTable with ease and flexibility. The left and right arrows will move you one element back or one element ahead. The bent arrow in the middle sends you back to the main Periodic Table card. If there isnÕt a command typed into the message box (you can check by pressing -M), pressing the Return key will have the same effect as clicking the bent arrow. Holding down the Option key when clicking the navigation buttons will modify their actions. The left and right arrows now move you up one row and down one row on the Periodic Table. They will follow the physical layout of the table, so in some cases the elements may not appear in strict numerical order. If you do get lost, click the bent arrow button while holding down the Option key. It will display the Periodic Table and flash the current elementÕs position. Click the mouse button to go back. 3. Other control bar icons The four icons on the right side of the control bar are simply buttons, not pop-up menus like the ones on the left side. Just click on them once. For now, the online help button (a stack icon with a question mark) will pop up a message telling you this feature isnÕt available yet. In future versions, it will bring up a companion stack with help screens, reference tables and other bits of chemistry-related information. Click the ÒAbout...Ó button (a light bulb) to read the welcome screen. You can find my home address there, as well as my electronic mail addresses. The Home button works just like any other Home button: use it when you want to return to the Home stack. The last button (a stop sign) terminates the current HyperCard IIGS session. It will ask you if you really want to quit, in case you meant to hit the Home button. Hold down the Option key when clicking this button to skip the confirmation message. 4. Info box buttons Just above the control bar on the left side is a large text area with three raised buttons above it. They are marked Electrons, Isotopes and User Notes. These buttons select what information is displayed in the space below. Only one button can be depressed at a time. For a description of the respective fields, see the section on ÒTHE DATABASEÓ. 5. Card field controls All of the information fields will perform a certain action when clicked on. The first three fields across the top of the screen (Name, Symbol and Atomic Number) will display a Find dialog. They work exactly as their respective menu choices in the Find pop-up menu (see ÒPop-up menu controlsÓ above). Clicking the Group/Period field will toggle it between the traditional naming system and the new IUPAC/ACS designations. Both systems are shown on the main Periodic Table screen. The text fields in the Physical Data and Periodic Properties sections will show the implied units of measure if you hold down the mouse button over them. Clicking on the name of the crystal (not the icon of the crystal) will automati- cally search for the next element with the same structure. Because of the way the HyperTable looks for a match, this feature does not work correctly if you start on an element with the cubic crystal structure. Luckily, there are only two elements where this occurs: oxygen and fluorine. 6. Keyboard shortcuts There are many commands which can be accessed from the keyboard as well as the mouse. Most of the standard HyperCard IIGS keyboard shortcuts still work in the HyperTable, but a few have been modified to work better with the stack. Action Shortcut Where and when? ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Go to Periodic Table Return When the message box is empty Go to Periodic Table -1 Anytime Previous card -2 Anytime Next card -3 Anytime Page setup -shift-P Anytime Print card -P Anytime Find any... -F At any element card Find whole... -shift-F At any element card Continue search Return After a Find command Mark element -+ At an unmarked element card Delete element... -Ñ (minus) At any element card Online help -? (not implemented) Copy text -C With highlighted text Paste text -V With highlighted text Show message box -M Anytime Go home -H Anytime Quit HyperCard IIGS -Q Anytime Quit (no confirmation) -option-Q Anytime C. THE DATABASE The elementÕs name, symbol, atomic number and location on the Periodic Table are conveniently grouped together across the top of the screen. Use this information bar to quickly determine which element you are looking at. The names and symbols for Element 104 (unnilquadium) to Element 109 (unnilennium) have been assigned by IUPAC using their standard naming system. The rest of the card is divided into four major sections: Physical Data, Crystal Structure, Periodic Properties and the Info Box. Atomic mass, density, melting point, boiling point and oxidation states are grouped together under Physical Data. Values enclosed in parentheses are estimated values. Standard temperature and pressure (298.16 K and 101.325 kPa) are assumed for all values. The most stable oxidation state is always listed first. The crystal structure of the element is displayed graphically beside the Physical Data section with the name of the crystal immediately beneath the icon. Ten periodic properties are displayed for each element: covalent radius, atomic radius, atomic volume, first ionization potential, specific heat capacity, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, heat of fusion, heat of vaporization and PaulingÕs electronegativity. In some cases, the data is not available or inappropriate for that element (such as the ionization potential of a noble gas). Hold down the mouse button on the field to display the implied units of measure. The three buttons marked Electrons, Isotopes and User Notes control what is shown in the Info Box. The Electrons button displays the electronic configuration of the current element. It is shown in both atomic orbital and electron shell form. The Isotopes button displays a list of selected radioactive isotopes for the current element. The first column contains the isotope name. An asterisk (*) beside the name indicates it is a naturally-occurring isotope. The second column lists the half-life, and the third column contains the method of decay. Each symbol represents a different decay process: ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÊa alpha particle emission ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊEC orbital electron capture ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊʧ+ positron emission ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊIT isomeric transition ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊʧ- electron emission ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊSF spontaneous fission ÊÊÊÊÊÊÊÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ The User Notes field is an general-purpose text field where you can type up whatever information you would like to remember about that element. A few notes about the discovery and naming of the element are already included. D. MOVING DATA AROUND 1. Using the Clipboard The most convenient way to move data between two GS/OS applications is via the Clipboard. Most desktop applications support the Clipboard, as do many NDAÕs. This is probably the best method to use when moving text to and from the User Notes field. Select the portion of text you want to copy by dragging the pointer over it. Then press -C for Copy Text. Open your document in the other application, click the cursor where you want to insert the text and press -V for Paste. This will work whether you are going to or from the HyperTable. The floppy disk menu (see section ÒCARD CONTROLSÓ above) can also place information onto the Clipboard. Please read the following sections to learn how to use the information generated by the export commands. 2. Exporting to a word processor The Export to Word Processor option in the floppy disk menu will format the text in columns with headings and field titles. If you export it to the Clipboard, you can easily paste the information into another document as described above. To import the data into an application which doesnÕt support the Clipboard (like ProDOS 8 programs), save the information into a disk file. HyperTable will produce a straight text file which all word processors and text editors can read. You can open this file in AppleWorks GS just like a normal word processing document. For AppleWorks 3.0, please refer to your manual for instructions on loading text files. Because the text files produced by the HyperTable contain tab characters, versions of AppleWorks prior to 3.0 will not load them correctly. Once you have the text file loaded, you can modify the layout to suit your needs. 3. Exporting to a database When you choose Export to Database from the floppy disk menu, the HyperTable simply copies the data from the stack without any special formatting. This is suitable for databases which can read plan ASCII text files. If you want to import the data into an AppleWorks GS database, you must save the information to a file. Copying the data to the Clipboard and then pasting it into AppleWorks GS will not work! Of course, for AppleWorks 3.0, you must save the data to a file. In AppleWorks GS, start a new database document. Create 18 blank text fields using the names from the table below. Then select the first cell in List mode and choose Import... from the File menu. Select the text file and open it. When the next dialog box comes up, specify ÒReturns between fields, 18 fields per recordÓ. AppleWorks GS will then proceed to fill the database with the information from the HyperTable. For AppleWorks 3.0, create a new database file and specify ÒFromÊaÊtext (ASCII)ÊfileÓ. Select the file and press Return. Specify ÒReturnsÊbetween categoriesÓ and Ò18ÊcategoriesÊperÊrecordÓ. When the file has been loaded, you can change the titles of the fields to the appropriate headings: ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ Category 1:ÊÊÊName ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 2:ÊÊÊSymbol Category 3:ÊÊÊAtomic number ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 4:ÊÊÊLocation Category 5:ÊÊÊAtomic mass ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 6:ÊÊÊDensity Category 7:ÊÊÊMelting point ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 8:ÊÊÊBoiling point Category 9:ÊÊÊCovalent radius ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 10:ÊAtomic radius Category 11:ÊAtomic volume ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 12:ÊFirst ionization potential Category 13:ÊSpecific heat capacity ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 14:ÊThermal conductivity Category 15:ÊElectrical conductivityÊÊÊÊCategory 16:ÊHeat of fusion Category 17:ÊHeat of vaporization ÊÊÊÊÊÊCategory 18:ÊElectronegativity ÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑÑ E. OTHER IMPORTANT THINGS 1. ÒAbout Me...Ó I suppose this section had to come up sooner or later, so here goes... My home is in Ottawa but I currently attend school in Toronto. On September 9, 1991 I will be entering my second year at the University of Toronto in the Biology Specialist program. Although I am very fond of computers, I intend on pursuing a career in medicine, with perhaps a minor in business administration or computer science. My first (and so far only) computer has been the Apple IIGS, a Woz Edition bought back in March 1987. I have always been an end-user, but I started into programming a few months ago on the GS with HyperTalk and ORCA/C. I plan to develop more stacks, HyperCard IIGS XCMDÕs and useful GS/OS utilities in the coming years. 2. Coming soon to a GS near you... Over the months since HyperTable 1.0(beta) was released, I have received many suggestions to help improve the stack. There are a lot of you out there who would like to see more chemistry-related content in the stack. That is what I have planned for the HyperTable Companion. The HyperTable stack itself will only have to do with the Periodic Table itself. The Companion stack is more open-ended. Not only will it be the online help system, it will contain reference tables, explana- tions of chemistry concepts, definitions, diagrams and other information not found in the Periodic Table. I am aiming for a December 1991 release, but it is almost impossible to predict these things with any certainty! All registered owners of the HyperTable (any version) will receive the stack update when it becomes available. Meanwhile, I have started on a few other stacks (in an effort to get rid of my ÒHyperTable tunnel-visionÓ) for HyperCard IIGS. StackClock is the product of my experimentation with the ÒidleÓ handler. It demonstrates how you can easily place a real-time on-screen clock in your stacks, or an alarm clock with a rather unique ÒbuzzerÓ. CityFinder and Bescherelle are two stacks I will be working on after I get HyperTable 2.0 out the door. StackClock Ñ A public-domain HyperCard IIGS stack which shows several examples of clock scripts which run in the background via the ÒidleÓ handler. The ÒAbout...Ó screen in the HyperTable contains a simple on-screen clock. CityFinder Ñ A public-domain stack with a database of 150 cities, their geographic coordinates, time zone and local time. You can add and delete cities from the existing list. Based on the Map CDev for the Macintosh. Bescherelle Ñ This will be a shareware stack aimed at students who have difficulty conjugating French verbs. The student can type in a verb and the stack will attempt to conjugate it based on a series to rules. All modern tenses plus some selected archaic tenses are supported. The rule followed to conjugate the verb is displayed whenever possible, as well as notable exceptions. 3. Where to reach me The best way to reach me is through electronic mail if you have an Internet account at work or at school. I will always (in this order) mail out HyperTable updates to registered users, upload a copy to comp.binaries.apple2, and then find some kind souls to upload the stack for me to FTP sites and the major on-line services. This release (version 2.0) will be going out sometime in the middle of July, but I wonÕt get my university address in residence until sometime in August. However, anything mailed to my home address in Ottawa will eventually reach me at school. Home address: Brian Tao 2705 - 1510 Riverside Drive Ottawa, ON K1G 4X5 Internet e-mail: taob@micor.ocunix.on.ca (until August 28, 1991) taob@pnet91.cts.com (from September 1, 1991)