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In the category of near-novels belong such diverse works as Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress," Swift's "Gulliver's Travels," Voltaire's "Candide," and much science fiavior, usually through a series of connected events. This definition, while very broad, is at least narrow enough to exclude certain obvious non-novels, such as epic poems, plays, and all works of nonfiction, as well as some prose section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE The novel may be defined as a lengthy prose narrative that depicts more or less realistic beh questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter s backwards; this symphony was the LAST one that Paderewski wrote.6.According to the passage, the last concert Paderewski gave in America was in (A)1941 (B)1940 (C)1939 (D)1938 (E)Cannot be determined6. (C) The second paragraph sotest against the policy  of pacifism (D)was written as a requirement for entering the  Warsaw Conservatory (E)was Paderewski's first major symphonic  composition5. (B) The answer is given in the last sentence of the passage. Note that (E) iers are reasons why Paderewski might be remembered, the question asks why POLES would most remember him. 5.Paderewski's "Symphony in B Minor" (A)decried the effect of war on a nation (B)gave a musical history of Poland (C)was written as a prs literary contributions to Polish history (E)his heroism in World War I4. (A) The topic sentence of the third paragraph tells you that Paderewski was most remembered by Poles for his all-consuming patriotism. Note that while some of the other answe specific answer. 4.For which of the following do Poles most remember Paderewski? (A)his patriotism (B)his accomplishments as Polish representative to  the League of Nations (C)his symphonic interpretations of Polish  folk songs (D)hiat he was buried there. You are told that he liked America; you may not infer that it MUST be true that he became a citizen or married an American citizen. When a detail question asks for something that MUST be true, go back to the passage to look for th an American citizen. (B)Paderewski was buried in America. (C)Paderewski married an American citizen. (D)All of the above (E)None of the above3. (E) You are told that Paderewski died in New York; you may not infer that it MUST be true ths you that Paderewski was 12 when he was ADMITTED to the conservatory and that SIX YEARS LATER he became a professor; therefore, he was 18 when he was a professor.3.According to the passage, which of the following must be true? (A)Paderewski became AFTER Paderewski published his memoirs; therefore, they must have been published in 1938.2.Paderewski was how old when he became a professor at the Warsaw Conservatory? (A)6 (B)12 (C)16 (D)18 (E)242. (D) The first paragraph telln B Minor," was a musical history of Poland.1.According to the passage, Paderewski published his memoirs in (A)1941 (B)1940 (C)1939 (D)1938 (E)Cannot be determined1. (D) The second paragraph tells you that 1939 was the year to the League of Nations. He gained political power when he served for 10 months as the minister of foreign affairs in the Polish republic; he also served a term as president. The last composition that Paderewski wrote, "Symphony imericans remember Paderewski for his piano virtuosity, Poles remember him for his all-consuming patriotism. He frequently gave the proceeds from his concerts to Polish defense funds during World War I and was Poland's representative rred that the novels of Jane Austen are probably LEAST like the novels of which of the following? (A)Joyce (B)James (C)Dos Passos (D)Faulkner (E)Sterne10. (C) In the third paragraph, Austen's novels as described as small-scale dramasot focus their attention on human psychology. Therefore, we can infer that science fiction books that DO focus on individual human beings and their behavior and feelings would be classified by the author of the passage as true novels.10.It can be infe society (D)is written in a poetic or symbolic style (E)succeeds in capturing and retaining the interest  of the average reader9. (B) In the second paragraph, the author says that many science fiction books are not true novels because they do ne author considers a science fiction book a novel if it (A)deals with events in a recognizable human  environment (B)focuses mainly on human behavior rather than  abstract intellectual questions (C)conveys the author's satiric view of human T mentioned IN THE PASSAGE as a characteristic of novels. You may realize that some novels do, in fact, take a satiric view of society. However, your answer must be based on the passage, not on your own outside knowledge. 9.The passage implies that thls. The idea of a satiric view of society is mentioned in the second paragraph -- specifically, in the description of works by Swift and Voltaire that are NOT novels. So (A) is the correct answer. Remember, you are asked to choose the quality that is NOa panoramic view of life (C)a poetic style (D)intellectual humor (E)examination of domestic incidents 8. (A) The qualities mentioned in choices (B) through (E) are all cited in the third paragraph, which describes some of the variety of novee end of the twentieth century; therefore, the novel must have originated near the end of the seventeenth century.8.All of the following are mentioned in the passage as characteristic of certain novels EXCEPT (A)a satirical attack on society (B)ls. Therefore, the title "What Is a Novel?" best describes the content of the passage. 2.The primary purpose of the passage is to (A)identify and describe some of the kinds of works  that should and should not be classified as  novels (B)critthors (B)The Origin of the Novel (C)The Future of the Novel (D)Why Read a Novel? (E)What Is a Novel?1. (E) The purpose of the passage is to define -- at least to some extent -- what kinds of works should and should not be considered novethe comic yet piercing intellectual romps of authors like Laurence Sterne and Joyce. All are novels, though some may seem to strain the very limits of the genre.1.The best title for this passage would be (A)Famous Novels and Their Auors such as Jane Austen and Henry James, to the panoramic visions of an entire society created by writers such as Fielding, Tolstoy, and Dos Passos, and from the poetically cadenced, vividly symbolic morality plays of Faulkner, to to encompass a wide variety of prose narratives. In the nearly three centuries of its history, the novel has taken on an amazing number of forms: from the penetrating, small-scale dramas of domestic and social life created by autheader's interest is directed away from human psychology toward questions of more intellectual and abstract import -- the nature of time, for example, or the destiny of the human race. Our definition, however, remains broad enough ns of abstract qualities. In Swift and Voltaire, characters are manipulated by the author not in obedience to the dictates of realism, but in order to make satiric points about society at large. And in much science fiction, the rction. Our definition excludes them from consideration as novels because they lack an emphasis on the realistic treatment of individual human behavior. In Bunyan, the characters are not so much individual people as personificatio people. When the Paiute Indians lost the Paiute War around 1860, she lived on a reservation with the rest of her people and went to the army fort almost daily to beg for food, water and clothing. She also aided the soldiers in mer. As a child, she lived for a time with whites and went to a convent school until the objections of some whites forced the school to eject her. She was never bitter toward whites, regardless of their actions towards her and hers there have been strong, brave and industrious women who gained the respect of both whites and Indians through their actions and their honesty. Sarah Winnemucca was a Paiute Indian who was known among her people as Shell Flowtion of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE Those who say that we have no role models for our daughters are wrong. Throughout many Indian tribeuestions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter sec (C)Financial Aid for College (D)Planning Your College Curriculum (E)The Curriculum Controversy (First Question, Second Passage)11. (D) The best title is one that tells the reader what the main idea of the passage is. Here, the passage four-year school in another may face many problems getting sufficient "basics" to be admitted to the four-year school.11.The best title for this article might be (A)Choosing the Proper College for You (B)Deciding Your Major and Minorh he wants to attend, if doing so is at all feasible. While junior colleges usually are in direct communication with the four-year schools and attempt to mesh their curricula, a student who will be leaving one state and going to ant classes out of desperation to finish registration. A student who begins his college education in a junior or two-year college should meet with the college counselors at both the junior college and the four-year college whicill find a last-minute change has caused a professor under whom he wanted to study to give the class to a less qualified instructor. Having lists of alternate choices available will prevent the student from signing up for irreleva A student should have three or four alternate curricula prepared before he goes to registration. Unless he is extremely fortunate, some of his classes will be filled or will not be available at the time he had hoped. Perhaps he w noting what classes he has not taken. He must compare the classes offered at the college with those he has taken in high school to see whether he can "test out" of lower-level courses and begin immediately with advanced classes. nths before the student goes to school. He should sit down with his parents, his teachers, and his counselors to determine what his goals are and the best way to reach those goals. He should go through his school records carefully, to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Choosing the proper curriculum for college should be done moNS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return of domestic life. Of the other kinds of novels described in the passage, the ones most clearly differentiated from Austen's are those written by novelists such as Fielding, Tolstoy, and Dos Passos -- panoramic visions of an entire society.- DIRECTIOone of the above14. (A) In the first paragraph, the author mentions that isomers have the same formula, but does not define that term. It makes no difference that you might know the definition of the word yourself; the question asked for information thinsufficient information to answer? (A)What is the definition of a chemical formula? (B)What is the definition of atomic number? (C)What is the difference between light and heavy  hydrogen? (D)Where are protons located in an atom? (E)Nparagraph is devoted to an introduction and discussion of one specific chemical concept without comparing or contrasting it to another; future paragraphs would most logically follow this pattern.14.Which of the following questions does the author give iously made only  by nature (C)the latest research into atomic energy (D)the history of the development of chemistry (E)famous experiments in chemistry13. (A) The passage is about two specific chemical concepts, isomers and isotopes. Each No hypotheses or experiments are discussed. 13.Which of the following would be a logical topic for the author to write about were he to continue this passage? (A)the definitions of other basic chemical terms (B)the synthesis of substances prevfining terms (D)contrasting two definitions of each term (E)giving a history of a theory by a chronological  arrangement of experiments12. (C) The author merely introduces two terms, isomers and isotopes, and gives expanded definitions of each.t properties because their atoms are arranged differently. 12.The author instructs primarily by (A)introducing a hypothesis and supporting it with  examples (B)introducing a hypothesis and disproving it with  examples (C)introducing and de which the atoms are arranged differently (D)compounds which have the same weight and in  which the atoms are arranged identically (E)None of the above11. (C) The first paragraph states that isomers are alike in their weights but have differenh of the following would be isomers? (A)compounds of different weights in which the  atoms are arranged differently (B)compounds of different weights in which the  atoms are arranged identically (C)compounds which have the same weight and in (C)instructive (D)whimsical (E)indignant10. (C) The purpose of the article is to teach the reader what isomers and isotopes are. All information is given in a straightforward, basic, instructional manner. 11.According to the author, whicoccurring isotope (E)a natural isotope that cannot be created  synthetically9. (B) The last sentence of the passage gives this definition for a radioactive isotope.10.The author's tone may best be described as (A)tentative (B)impatient ectronic field (B)an isotope that gives off particles and becomes  lighter over time (C)an isotope that easily combines with other  isotopes to make new compounds (D)a synthetic isotope that has the identical  characteristics of a naturally are still contributing to our country. Wilma L. Victor, a Choctaw Indian who received a teacher's degree and later a master's degree in education, taught at Indian schools before enlisting in the Women's Army Corps and serving witGeorgia where she met General Oglethorpe. She acted as his interpreter and helped ensure that the Indians would be loyal to the English rather than to the Spanish who were attempting to take over Georgia. Modern Indian women wn among whites as Mary Musgrove. She was a princess of the Creek tribe of Coewta, Alabama, and became one of the most respected and renowned Indian women in colonial times. With her English husband, John Musgrove, Mary moved to any ways, including acting as interpreter for them in their dealings with the Bannock Indians, and traveling into the Bannock camp when others were afraid to do so. Another woman whom we might learn from is Coosaponakeese, knohe Ottawa chief Pontiac after the British refused to honor the French custom of giving compensation to the Indians. Although the passage mentions the Pequot chief, it does not give his name. 10.Which of the following, if true, would most seriously undeWhy did the Indians unite under Pontiac? (A)I only (B)II only (C)III only (D)I and II (E)I, II and III9. (B) The passage tells you that the Pueblos were found in Arizona and New Mexico. You are also told that Indians united under tindividuals5. (C) Throughout the passage, the author makes note of the fact that voting procedures may vary from state to state and that different bodies may have different ways of quashing or reintroducing initiatives./United  States in order to ensure maximum efficiency (D)Referendums allow voters to make their opinions  known on matters that affect their communities (E)Referendums may be based on laws proposed by  governmental bodies as well as by private  owing? (A)Initiatives are likely to remain a part of  democratic governments for many years (B)American people have a direct influence on their  government (C)The procedure for creating and acting upon  initiatives is uniform throughout the tives have been in parts of Switzerland since the 1500's, long before American government began. Initiatives are also found in Australia and New Zealand, and thus are not UNIQUELY American.5.The author would most likely disagree with which of the folls (C)initiatives are uniquely American (D)referendums may help people feel they have a  voice in local government (E)no special qualifications are necessary for  someone to start an initiative4. (C) The last paragraph tells you that initia 4.The author would most likely agree with all of the following except (A)initiatives serve a vital purpose in American  politics (B)referendums allow disenchanted voters to vote to  adopt proposed new laws that eliminate or change  unfair law laws to be removed or  replaced. (E)It is the act circulating a petition that  registered voters may sign to bring attention  to a proposed law.3. (E) Choice (E) defines an initiative; a referendum is the actual voting done on that initiative. a referendum is false? (A)It allows individual voters to participate  directly in the government. (B)It may cover proposed constitutional amendments. (C)An initiative may be accepted and placed on a  referendum. (D)It may allow unpopulara (E)Initiatives allow voters a direct say in the  government2. (B) Nowhere in the passage is an exact percentage mentioned of voters who must sign petitions. All other answers are given in the passage. 3.Which of the following statements about four centuries (B)Over 50% of the registered voters must sign an  initiative before it becomes law (C)In some states, initiatives are submitted to  legislative bodies (D)The first state in America to adopt an initiative  law was South Dakots as you read them. Then you can quickly look to see that all answers are true, such that "None of the above" are false. 2.Which of the following is not necessarily true regarding initiatives? (A)Parts of Switzerland have had initiatives for  overme they have different masses. He also states that they have the same atomic number, which he defines as meaning the same number of protons in the nucleus.i  neutrons (D)have different masses but the same number of  protons (E)have different masses but the same number of  neutrons15. (D) The second paragraph states that light and heavy hydrogen have different mass numbers; from this you may assue AUTHOR did not give. 15.According to the author, light and heavy hydrogen (A)have the same mass but a different number of  protons (B)have the same mass but a different number of  electrons (C)have the same mass but a different number of(B)II only (C)III only (D)I and II (E)I, II and III4. (C) The question wants to know which is NOT true (if you chose answer (D) you chose statements that WERE true). According to the passage, almost 50 constellations and 1,000 STARS werehematical Synthesis" that concern astronomy? I. They charted the latitudes of stars. II. They discussed the spatial relationship of the  stars to each other. III. They identified and gave the longitude of over  1,000 constellations. (A)I only castic3. (C) Since the nickname of the work meant "the greatest," you may infer that the peers were impressed by the work and respectful of the accomplishment.4.According to the passage, which of the following is not true of the two volumes of "Mat and enslaved his people.hief (C)He conquered the Spaniards after a lengthy siege (D)He was conquered by Diego de Vargas (E)He ruled his tribe for at least 12 years15. (A) The passage tells you that he fought in retaliation, AFTER the Spaniards had already taken over in Bermuda, you can infer they did not continue as a tribe in Massachusetts.15.According to the passage, which of the following is not true about Pope? (A)He fought against the Spaniards to prevent their  taking his land (B)He was a Pueblo chagraph, you are told that the Indians were only gathering to strike, and doing so in retaliation for actions the whites had already taken. Since the Pequots lost the battle, you can infer they did not have enough warriors; since they were sold into slaveryof Massachusetts did not (A)continue to live and expand in that state (B)have enough strong warriors to defeat the  settlers (C)strike against the white settlers first (D)All of the above (E)None of the above14. (D) In the first parles do cover concepts discussed in the passage, the last one is much too broad. The passage does not discuss history per se; it only gives a few examples of Indians' battles, their causes, and their leaders.14.It can be inferred that the Pequot tribe be the least effective title for this passage? (A)Indian Wars and Their Causes (B)Why whites and Indians Fought (C)Famous Indian Warrior Chiefs (D)War Between Indians and Whites (E)The History of the Indians13. (E) While all the titite warring Indian tribes to  fight together (D)All of the above (E)None of the above12. (B) The last paragraph tells you that Tecumseh traveled throughout the Southwest to unite the tribes, not the Northeast.13.Which of the following wouldme of a tribe of Indians, not of an Indian chief. 12.According to the passage, all of the following statements are true about Tecumseh except (A)he was a Shawnee Indian (B)he fought in the Northeast against British  troops (C)he tried to unh of the following was not an Indian chief mentioned in the passage? (A)Ottawa (B)Tecumseh (C)Little Turtle (D)Pope (E)Pontiac11. (A) According to the last paragraph, Pontiac was an Ottawa chief; you may infer that "Ottawa" is the nash troops out of French, not Indian, land, they were not retaliating for any actions against themselves, but were merely participating in a war. The other statements may be true, but are not the best means of undermining the author's main idea.11.Whicl way  of life of the white settlers (D)Indians fought to help the French keep British  soldiers out of French territory (E)Indians killed more whites than whites killed  Indians10. (D) If the Indians fought with the French just to keep Britirmine the contention that Indians fought whites only in retaliation? (A)Indians were massacred in large numbers by  white settlers (B)whites felt that they had a natural right to  Indian territory (C)Indians did not understand the agriculturas.13.This article would most probably be found in (A)an educational journal (B)a statistical abstract (C)a financial aid publication (D)an application form for graduate school (E)a guide to colleges and universities13. (A) The pf excellent or top graduate students. Although the research produced an appendix listing study weaknesses, such weaknesses were not discussed in the passage. Note that answers (A), (B) and (C) are much too broad and promise more than the article discusseerraro and Feinstein's Analysis of Education (C)An Overview of Students in Graduate Programs  Today (D)The Study Habits of Top Graduate Students (E)Study Weaknesses of Graduate Students12. (D) The passage talks only about the study habits oial, students often go back and reread the material in a general sort of way (not for detail) to integrate all the concepts and see how they all fit into the overall picture.12.The best title for this article might be (A)Study and Research (B)F with a friend (B)skimming material for an overall concept (C)making lists of study plans (D)rewriting important concepts in notebooks (E)All of the above11. (B) The end of the third paragraph states that after reading and learning matero revise the lists for maximum effect. From this you may infer that the researchers consider this flexibility a positive attribute of those students.11.According to the passage, which step was repeated just prior to the exam? (A)discussing materialtive attribute shown by top students? (A)flexibility (B)dedication (C)intelligence (D)practicality (E)humor10. (A) The passage mentions the fact that top students make lists, but do not feel compelled to follow them and are willing td have eliminated all answers but (D) and (E) immediately, as planning was the first step; the second and third steps were discussed in the third and fourth paragraphs of the passage.10.Which of the following did the researchers seem to feel was a posit summarizes the steps top students take when studying? (A)reading, writing, memorizing (B)skimming, reading, writing (C)previewing, reading, memorizing (D)planning, learning, reviewing (E)planning, memorizing, sharing9. (D) You shouleveloping their dissertations for  their doctorate degrees (E)None of the above8. (A) The first sentence tells you that the researchers finished their project "seven years after they received their university grant."9.Which of the following besd Feinstein were studying the students because (A)they were given a university grant to do so (B)they were participating in a sociological  experiment (C)they were assisting the government to develop new  academic standards (D)they were dthe weaknesses of the students' study habits. Since the first three points were discussed, it is logical to assume the rest of the passage would talk about the appendix with the weaknesses of the students' habits. 8.According to the passage, Ferraro anthe reception the study received from the  academic community7. (D) The first paragraph introduced the article and talked about the study in terms of both the three steps the researchers found in the students' study habits and an appendix discussing s were less large than in fact they were. If you chose (E), you probably used your own background knowledge; you must use only what is stated or implied in the passages.5throne of Spain (D)He thought the oceans were less broad than  they were (E)All of the above5. (D) The last portion of the passage states that Columbus was influenced by Ptolemy's beliefs and sailed at least in part because he thought the ocean cataloged. 5.Which of the following was given as a reason for Christopher Columbus' voyages? (A)He thought he could find a "New World" (B)He thought he could open a route to the  West Indies (C)He thought he could claim new land for the  New York City. His last American concert took place in 1939, the year after he published "The Paderewski Memoirs." Paderewski was drawn to the United States and to New York City in particular, where he died in 1941. While Amerely six years later. Paderewski's concert career began in 1887 and gained him immediate renown in America and Europe. Playing to packed houses, Paderewski performed 117 recitals in 90 days, including a memorable one in nd the grandson of a university professor. He showed musical genius early, and was given piano lessons from the time he was six. He was only 12 when he was admitted to the Warsaw Conservatory; he became a professor at the conservatory section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE Born in 1860, Ignacy Jan Paderewski was the son of an administrator of large and numerous estates a questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**) DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the ;RX^@_;Rv_@<`  TOPIC 21:DETAIL QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages  DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the I0. @ W @  P Ie ?0>?P{@i@G;RYe[;R\0\;R-]P]               in more than one way.a  than to reviewing15. (D) The last paragraph mentions how excellent students try to use as many methods as possible, trying to see and hear the material and write it out themselves. From this you may infer that such students try to learn the material ents (B)Excellent students take fewer electives than  basic courses (C)Excellent students are rigid in their study  habits (D)Excellent students try different means of  learning material (E)Excellent students assign more time to planningsage discussed how students differ in their treatment of basic and elective subjects. 15.Which of the following conclusions is best supported by information given in the passage? (A)Excellent students spend more time studying than  do mediocre studail (B)spending more time on basics than on elective  subjects (C)reciting material aloud or discussing it with  someone else (D)making lists of study steps to take (E)rewriting important material in notebooks14. (B) Nothing in the pas orientation kit or a study guide. Choice (E) is too broad; a guide of that sort would list schools, not talk about study habits. 14.Which of the following is not listed as a study habit of good students? (A)skimming material before reading for detassage tells about the results of one survey on studying; it gives no specific statistics to fit into an abstract. Money is not discussed at all. You might have been tempted by (D), but this would not fit onto an APPLICATION, but rather be placed into anin and Ferraro to  perform the study (B)the socio-economic breakdown of the students  studied (C)the types of classes taken and materials studied  by the students in the survey (D)the studying weaknesses of the students in  the survey (E). Therefore, they must have started work by locating a group of successful students, whose study habits they then proceeded to analyze. 7.If the passage were to continue, the next portion would most probably discuss (A)the qualifications of Feinsteop a series of experiments for testing the  efficiency of various study techniques (First Question, Second Passage)6. (C) Throughout the passage it is made clear that Feinstein and Ferraro's study dealt with the study habits of successful studentsB)list possible study weaknesses of graduate  students in various subject areas (C)identify successful graduate students in various  fields of study (D)consult with professors as to the study habits  they considered most important (E)develt material and write it out in their notebooks.6.It can be inferred from the passage that the first step taken by Feinstein and Ferraro in performing the research described was probably to (A)interview as many graduate students as possible ( One fascinating discovery is that the better the student, the less underlining and more actual writing he or she does. Rather than marking up their books with multicolored highlighting pencils, excellent students rephrase importan is use as many methods as possible to review material. After reading the material, the best students memorize it and recite it back to themselves, or discuss it with friends. Generally, good students also rewrite important material. g is often repeated right before exams, allowing the students to integrate all the details they encounter and to see how those details fit into a theory or overall concept. The third and final step excellent students taketail. Top students skim through each chapter, getting the flavor of the material and learning what the author wants them to see in a general way, then go back and reread as often as necessary for important details. Such general readind that top students never feel compelled to stick to the original plan if changes are advisable for maximum studying efficiency. The next step that good students take is to read for overall impression before getting down to deparing to study before actually doing so. Such students make outlines, charts or lists of what needs to be done, then tick off each item as it is accomplished. The researchers discovered that such lists are revised frequently, an of the steps was an appendix, broken down by majors, that listed the studying weaknesses of these students. Feinstein and Ferraro found that the best students take up to 5% of their total study time to plan their studies, preversity grant to research the study habits of successful graduate students, Feinstein and Ferraro published a report listing what they considered the three main steps successful students use in studying. Along with the lengthy analysis ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Seven years after they received their uni4"5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press                    not by whom, the theory was shown to be erroneous.3.Which of the following may you infer best represents the attitude of Ptolemy's peers towards his 13-volume work? (A)disbelieving (B)unimpressed (C)respectful (D)indifferent (E)sary's theory that the earth was the center of the universe was definitively disproven by (A)Copernicus (B)Aristotle (C)Einstein (D)Columbus (E)None of the above2. (E) The author does NOT give this information; she only states when, butverse1. (E) The author in the second paragraph states that perhaps the most important contribution "to his time" was this theory; therefore, you may infer that his peers considered this theory his main contribution.2.According to the passage, Ptolem(B)his charting of the relative positions of the  stars and constellations (C)his projections of the size of the oceans and  land masses (D)his theory of the development of the universe (E)his theory of the earth as the center of  the unigth of his sea voyage and be more willing to undertake it. 1.According to the author, which of the following was considered by Ptolemy's peers to be his most important contribution to science? (A)his measurements of the size and mass of stars Geography," is considered to have influenced Christopher Columbus many centuries later. Ptolemy considered the land much larger and the oceans much smaller than they were; these beliefs encouraged Columbus to underestimate the leniverse around which other planets, as well as the moon and sun, traveled. His theory was widely accepted and not definitively disproved until the mid-1500's. Ptolemy did not limit himself to a study of astronomy. His book, " gave longitude and latitude for the stars and described their general spatial relationship to each other. Perhaps the most important concept to his time was his theory that the Earth did not move, that it was the center of the un ancient times, little is known of him personally; virtually the only record of the man is the work he left. Two of the volumes of "Mathematical Synthesis" cataloged over 1,000 stars and almost 50 constellations. Ptolemyt Greeks for a 13-volume work entitled "Mathematical Synthesis." The author of the work, Claudius Ptolemy, was an astronomer at Alexandria, Egypt, around A.D. 150. Although scientists consider Ptolemy one of the greatest scientists of section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE "Amalgest" is an Arabic-Greek term meaning "the greatest" and was the common nickname among ancien questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter he letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**) DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the ;Ro q;Rq@Ls   TOPIC 25:MISCELLANEOUS READING Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type t 0< P   P 000@     @b ;Rl\0^ ;R_@xa ;Rcd ;Re@&f;Rfg;Rh i;Rj@k;R:m(n             passage does not supply sufficient information to answer which of the following questions? I.In what territory were the Pueblo Indians  found? II.Who was the leader of the Pequot Indians just  before the survivors were sold into slavery? III.de during the 1680's (E)the Spaniards reconquered the Pueblos under  Diego de Vargas8. (B) According to the passage, it was the people of Massachusetts who sold the PEQUOT Indians into slavery, not the Spaniards who did so to the Pueblos. 9.The xcept (A)the Spaniards refused to let the Pueblos worship  their own gods (B)the Spaniards sold the Pueblos into slavery in  Bermuda (C)the Spaniards used the Pueblos as slave workers (D)the Pueblos regained self-control for over a  decawent to  war against the British.7. (E) While statement (E) may be historically true, the author did not give it as a reason for Indian warfare. 8.According to the passage, all of the following occurred between the Spaniards and the Pueblo Indians e whites? (A)Whites took Indian game without giving the  Indians compensation. (B)Whites encroached upon Indian land. (C)Whites forced Indians to work as slaves. (D)Whites massacred Indians. (E)Indians helped the French when the French a (B)Pequot (C)Shawnee (D)Comanche (E)Pueblo (First Question, Second Passage)6. (D) All of the tribes except the Comanche were mentioned in the passage. 7.The author did not give which of the following as a reason Indians fought great Shawnee chief, Tecumseh, traveled throughout the Southwest trying to unite warring Indian tribes to fight against the encroachment of the whites. 6.Which of the following Indian tribes was not mentioned in the passage? (A)Ottawhat these gifts made up for the game the whites took from the Indians' land, united under Pontiac, an Ottawa chief. In the Indiana Territory, Indians led by Chief Little Turtle defeated army troops. A decade and a half later, they felt was being jeopardized by the intrusion of the white people. When the British drove the French out of the Ohio River Valley, they refused to continue the French custom of giving gifts to the Indians. The Indians, who felt t the land after a long seige. He ruled the territory for 12 years until being conquered by the Spanish under Diego de Vargas in 1692. Some Indians fought not for revenge against specific acts but to preserve a way of life thee Pueblo Indians, prevented them from worshipping their own gods, and set them to work in a forced labor system that was much like slavery. The Pueblos' chief, Pope, finally retaliated, killing many Spaniards and forcing them from burning alive more than 600 Indians. A few weeks later, they captured the Pequot chief and sold most of his surviving people into slavery in Bermuda. When the Spaniards moved into Arizona and New Mexico, they conquered thetaliations by the Indians for atrocities committed by settlers in America. After settlers in Massachusetts burned a Pequot village, the Pequot chief gathered his warriors to strike against the villagers. The villagers struck first, ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Many of the Indian "wars" were in fact r9/ DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press               ally become law (E)None of the above1. (E) Since all of the choices WERE mentioned as things that could occur, NONE were NOT mentioned. Be careful of these "double negatives"; you might want to circle the "true" answers and X out the "false" answered as a possible result when a sufficient number of registered voters have signed a petition? (A)It could go before a legislative body (B)It could be rejected and resubmitted later (C)It could go directly on the ballot (D)It could automatic Dakota was the first state to adopt laws for both the initiative and the referendum. Four years later, in 1902, Oregon included provisions for initiatives and referendums in its constitution.1.Which of the following is not mentiontate). Referendums have been part of democratic governments for years; parts of Switzerland have used them since the 1500's. New Zealand and Australia have had referendums since the beginning of the 1900's. In America, Southative body or by the people themselves. Referendums frequently concern proposed amendments to the state constitution; the people vote directly on whether or not to accept the amendments (although procedures do vary from state to s petition are the same as those who would be doing the voting). A referendum occurs when a proposed law is placed on the ballot for people to vote upon. A referendum may cover laws proposed by an administrative body, a legisl time. The proposed law may go before the voters, being placed on the ballot. Or, the proposed law may become law directly (although this usually happens only within a very small area, such as a township wherein those who sign the te or federal legislature. Such a body may accept the proposal, and make it law. If the body rejects the proposal, in some states, the law may not be reintroduced; in other states, the voters may resubmit the petition at a laterrendum. Anyone may propose a law. If enough registered voters sign a petition seeking to have the law passed, one of three things may happen. The proposed law may go before a legislative body, such as a city council, or a staven dispossessing) representatives, they have the ability to have specific ideas or concepts made into law. Voters can introduce a law by means of an initiative. Once the law is introduced, the voters may vote on it by means of a refeection of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE In America, the people really do have a direct say in their government. Along with electing (or e questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter sletter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the ;Rk@l;Rmn  TOPIC 24:NEGATIVE QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the 0 P%v ? P 0 0  ;RZ@[;R[PZ];R] _ ;R.` a    ;Rb@d  ;R-ff;Rig h;RiPj         this information, therefore, is given to emphasize such definition. 9.According to the author, which of the following would be a correct definition of a radioactive isotope? (A)an isotope that rearranges its molecules after  passing through an eleconcept of chemistry with  ours today (D)contrast isomers with isotopes (E)show how the meaning of the word has changed  today8. (A) The derivation of the word is discussed immediately after its introduction and definition. You may infer that erties (statement III). 8.The author mentions the Greek terms from which the word "isomer" is derived in order to (A)emphasize the concept that isomers have the  same formula (B)show how old the concept of isomers is (C)compare the Greek cparagraph of the passage states that no two elements can have the same atomic number (statement II). And the first paragraph of the passage states that compounds with identical weights and the same kinds and quantities of atoms need not have the same prop(C)III (D)I,II,III (E)None of the above 7. (E) None of the statements appear to be true. The last sentence of the passage states that radioactive isotopes give off particles; therefore, they DECREASE in mass over time (statement I). The last ss over time II.a new element could be discovered which has the  same atomic number as a currently existing  element III.two compounds with identical weights and kinds  and number of atoms must have identical  properties (A)I (B)II  only two items: isomers and isotopes. The primary purpose was not to deal with chemistry as a science, but to define two concepts of chemistry.7.The passage implies that which of the following is (are) true? I.radioactive isotopes increase in mashow the importance of chemistry in everyday  living (D)define and illustrate some basic chemical terms (E)compare and contrast various theories of  chemistry (First Question, Second Passage)6. (D) The entire passage defines and discussesome isotopes are radioactive, meaning that they give off particles and become lighter-weight isotopes. 6.The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to (A)give a history of chemistry (B)give an overview of chemistry (C)hat substance). The heavier a substance is, the more protons it will have and the higher its atomic number will be. No two elements have the same atomic number, but all atoms of the same element do have the same atomic number. Sple, there is light hydrogen with a mass number of 1 and heavy hydrogen with a mass number of 2. Both of these elements have the same atomic number, 1 (the atomic number refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of atoms of t and quantity of atoms they contain. However, because of the different arrangements of the atoms, the compounds have different properties. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in mass or atomic weight. For examformula but different arrangements of atoms, they are called isomers. The term "isomer" comes from the Greek words "isos" meaning "equal," and "meros" meaning "a share or part." Isomers are exactly alike in their weights and the kinds ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO When two chemical compounds have the same 7# DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press          is Indian because she (A)respects the accomplishments of Indian women (B)holds up Indian women as role models for "our"  daughters (C)is aware of Indian women of whom many others may  not have heard (D)denigrates whites in her writing, mf women who could serve as role models for children, telling of their accomplishments. She shows this respect from the first paragraph, where she labels the women "strong, brave and industrious." 2.You may assume the author of this passage most probablyth military intelligence. In 1971, she was appointed special assistant to the Secretary of the Interior.1.The author's tone is (A)derogatory (B)wistful (C)respectful (D)anticipatory (E)cynical1. (C) The author speaks o are still contributing to our country. Wilma L. Victor, a Choctaw Indian who received a teacher's degree and later a master's degree in education, taught at Indian schools before enlisting in the Women's Army Corps and serving wi Winnemucca went to the fort to BEG for such basic supplies as food and water. From this you may infer that the army mistreated the Indians after it had conquered them.# the war (C)treated their women with little respect (D)continued to wage sporadic battles with the army  even after the war officially was over (E)no longer exist as a tribal unit in America5. (B) The second paragraph talks about how Sarahers; the rest of the passage just tells about such role models, showing youngsters that accomplishments can be made.5.The author suggests that the Paiute Indians (A)lost the war through starvation (B)were mistreated by the army after they lost to inspire young Indian females to make the most  of themselves (E)to compare the accomplishments of Indians  and whites4. (D) The author's purpose or goal was made clear in the first paragraph where she talks about role models for Indian youngstthat time. 4.The author's primary goal in writing this article was evidently (A)to give a history of famous Indian women (B)to tell the story of conflicts between Indians  and whites (C)to criticize the treatment of Indians by whites (D)en currently live on the reservations  and are thus unable to make contributions to  American society.3. (C) Since the author mentions that Mary Musgrove married an Englishman in colonial times, it is obvious that racial intermarriage occurred during  if some of their tribal members had not  betrayed them. (C)There was some racial intermarriage between  Indians and whites even in colonial times. (D)Whites are unable to learn to speak the various  Indian languages fluently. (E)Indian womr of that sentence is an Indian as well.3.Which of the following statements does the passage most clearly support? (A)Creek Indians were the best-educated tribe in the  country at one time. (B)The Paiute Indians could have won the war in 1860 king the  Indians the only heroes (E)uses Indian names in her writing2. (B) The very first sentence of the passage talks about women being role models to "our" daughters; since the women discussed are Indians, it is logical to assume that the writeis Indian because she (A)respects the accomplishments of Indian women (B)holds up Indian women as role models for "our"  daughters (C)is aware of Indian women of whom many others may  not have heard (D)denigrates whites in her writing, ma women who could serve as role models for children, telling of their accomplishments. She shows this respect from the first paragraph, where she labels the women "strong, brave and industrious." 2.You may assume the author of this passage most probably h military intelligence. In 1971, she was appointed special assistant to the Secretary of the Interior.1.The author's tone is (A)derogatory (B)wistful (C)respectful (D)anticipatory (E)cynical1. (C) The author speaks ofz#     вà в®à вà в®à$бРϠ вàв®àвàв®à#вàв®à "nihil," meaning "nothing." As a philosophical and political movement, nihilism originated in the nineteenth century. It came to the attention of the public largely as a result of Ivan Turgenev's novel, "Fathers and Sons." In th ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO The term "nihilism" comes from the Latin word I:G* DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press      d the question carefully to be certain you answer exactly what is asked for.* official (D)a university professor (E)a renowned military officer10. (D) The first paragraph states that Paderewski was the grandson of a university professor. Note that his FATHER, not grandparent, was the administrator of large estates. ReaD) The first paragraph tells you that Paderewski was born in 1860 and began taking lessons when he was six.10.According to the passage, one of Paderewski's grandparents was (A)a musician (B)an administrator of large estates (C)a governmentconcert was held, but not WHERE. You may not infer it was held in New York City merely because that is where Paderewski died.9.In what year did Paderewski begin receiving piano lessons? (A)1941 (B)1939 (C)1900 (D)1866 (E)18609. (aderewski's last American concert was held in which city? (A)New York City (B)Albany, New York (C)Washington, D.C. (D)Boston, Massachusetts (E)Cannot be determined8. (E) The second paragraph tells you WHEN Paderewski's last American (D)president of the League of Nations (E)attorney general7. (A) The last paragraph states that Paderewski was the minister of foreign affairs for the Polish republic, although he held that position only briefly.8.According to the passage, Ptates that Paderewski's last American concert took place in 1939.7.Which governmental position did Paderewski hold? (A)minister of foreign affairs (B)secretary of economic affairs (C)president of the government-controlled  College of MusicL2  TAD(X):TBRKıO TTBRKUP:X,T256(T256):X1,(T256):2);" type ";(B4)H P" expl ";AD(B6);" Ans ";((B5)1664)~ ZK15:" (";(B2K6);",";(B2K7);")";:K: dJ iL1BRK:L2FLBRK:L20L1FL n(4);"BSAVE ";FI$;"A.SEC,A";ES;",L";L1 x(4);"BSAVE ";FI$;"B.SEC,A";ESBRK",L";S2):MI(ES3); -"prog:BREAK UP PRACTICE file:";FI$t 2"Head ";HD;" ";NQ;" questions ";" Help file ";MI <J1NQ:BES4(J1)QD:"* ";J;" *" FXB:200:XB2:200:XB6:200: xlate addrs to hi mem K" direx ";AD(B);" Qptr ";AD(Bȋ (4);"PR#3"::Q" Please put Programs (Side 1) into DRIVE #1 and"" press CONTROL-OPEN-APPLE-RESET. Thank you!"ile name?";FI$:"addr 1st block to hi mem?";BRK(4);"BLOAD ";FI$;",A";ES:FLAD(43616) (HDAD(ES):NQ(E   the letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the )^m Lo  )^|p0rr   TOPIC 22:COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type 0 Pq TZ 0  G@   ;RP@SS0TUVY Z #\0\)^f@g)^*i0i)^`jPl          sche15. (D) The answer was stated specifically in the second paragraph.egraph mentions that Nietzsche described himself as a nihilist.15.According to the passage, nihilism and revolution were considered the same thing by (A)Russian thinkers (B)philosophers (C)autocratic leaders (D)conservatives (E)Nietzord, "nihil," meaning "nothing."14.According to the passage, which of the following described himself as a nihilist? (A)Ivan Turgenev (B)Leo Tolstoy (C)Czar Nicholas (D)Friedrich Nietzsche (E)Vaslav Nijinsky14. (D) The first pararding to the passage, the word "nihilism" is from the Latin term meaning (A)"doubt" (B)"questioning" (C)"revolution" (D)"philosophy" (E)"nothing"13. (E) The first sentence of the passage tells you that the term comes from the Latin we widely known as a result of (A)a speech by Josef Stalin (B)a composition by Rachmaninoff (C)a novel by Turgenev (D)a play by Tolstoy (E)None of the above12. (C) The answer is given in the first paragraph of the passage.13.Accoe world (First Question, Second Passage)11. (A) The answer is stated specifically in the second paragraph. Note that while other answers may contain true statements, they do not answer what the question asked.12.The term "nihilism" first becamef in no belief is impossible (A)pure nihilism cannot exist (B)nihilism will cause acts of terrorism (C)old values and ideas should not be questioned (D)accepting values on faith is dangerous (E)nihilism will become common throughout thin terms. The word "nihilism" now often has a somewhat watered-down meaning in popular speech: it is used to refer to any skeptical questioning of accepted ideas. 11.According to the passage, some people think that because beli For these thinkers, nihilism constituted above all a denial of the reality of objective truth. An outgrowth of this concept is the often-stated belief that pure nihilism cannot exist, since belief in no belief is a contradiction Conservatives often identified nihilism and revolution, attributing acts of terrorism against the Russian government and other autocratic regimes to nihilists. Others emphasized the nonpolitical, philosophical side of nihilism. l definition: "A Nihilist is the man who says of the world as it is, that it ought NOT to exist, and of the world as it ought to be, that it does not exist." Thinkers of other persuasions defined nihilism in still other ways.at novel, a character defines a nihilist as one who does not accept authority or accept any principle on faith. The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who described himself as a nihilist in some of his writings, offered a more radica of which century? (A)The fifteenth (B)The sixteenth (C)The seventeenth (D)The eighteenth (E)The nineteenth7. (C) Refer to the second sentence of the third paragraph. The novel has existed for nearly three centuries; we live near thVoltaire6. (E) Swift and Voltaire are mentioned together in the fourth sentence of the second paragraph as two authors who manipulated characters and events in order to make satiric points.7.The passage implies that the novel originated near the end:6!6.It can be inferred from the passage that, of the following, the two authors whose works most closely resemble one another are (A)Bunyan and Swift (B)Voltaire and Fielding (C)Sterne and Faulkner (D)Austen and Joyce (E)Swift and           d paragraph, but narrow enough to exclude the "near-novels" described in the second paragraph. The near-novels are discussed in order to explain just how they differ from true novels: see the second sentence of the second paragraph.true  novels 5. (D) As the first paragraph of the passage makes clear, the author is concerned with defining the novel. The definition offered in the first sentence is designed to be broad enough to include the wide range of works mentioned in the thirracteristic of  western literature (C)give examples of the use of fictional characters  primarily as personifications of abstract  qualities (D)clarify the differences between them and true  novels (E)show their intellectual inferiority to nd paragraph. None of the other questions is touched upon in the passage. 5.The author refers to certain "near-novels" primarily in order to (A)explain how they gradually evolved into the form  of the true novel (B)illustrate the diversity cha (D)Which of the novelists mentioned in the passage  lived earliest? (E)Why is the novel considered one of the most  important literary forms?4. (A) The passage provides the information to answer this question in the third sentence of the secofollowing questions can be answered using information in the passage? (A)Why should "Pilgrim's Progress" not be considered  a novel? (B)In which countries did the novel as we know it  first originate? (C)What is the average length of a novel?it shows that there are limits to the form; hence, choice (C). Choice (D) is wrong because the passage does not state or imply that Swift and Voltaire WANTED to write novels -- merely that the books they wrote were not, in fact, novels. 4.Which of the o. (D)Authors such as Swift and Voltaire failed in  their attempts at writing novels. (E)The novel is one of the most challenging literary  forms for an author.3. (C) The passage illustrates the diversity of the novel form at the same time as can be most accurately drawn from the passage? (A)Nearly any long work of prose may be called  a novel. (B)The genre of the novel may more properly be  considered a group of genres. (C)Novels may be highly diverse, though not  limitlessly s(A) summarizes this clearly. The wrong answer choices may be tempting, but each either is a slight distortion of the contents of the passage or else focuses too narrowly on a single aspect of the passage as a whole. 3.Which of the following conclusionse (E)underscore the changes that have occurred in the  novel form throughout its history2. (A) The second and third paragraphs of the passage identify and describe some of the kinds of books that are NOT novels, and some of those that ARE. Choice icize certain works of fiction which have  been erroneously classified as novels (C)suggest some of the varied interests of novelists  over the centuries (D)attempt to focus the definition of the novel more  narrowly than has previously been dontter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the q;RjHl;RNm@n   TOPIC 23:AUTHOR INFORMATION Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the le 0o 0  G %0e  @|q ;RX@Z;RZPk\    ;RQ^_;R}` b ;Rb0lc;Rd0e ;Rrf0g;Rehi       ges vary in their opinions of what constitutes a "basic."s colleges are more expensive than  some two-year colleges15. (C) The last paragraph states that some students who want to transfer from two-year to four-year colleges might have problems getting enough "basics"; from this you may infer that those colleby "testing out" of certain  basic courses (C)some four-year colleges do not have the same  basic requirements as some two-year colleges (D)some four-year colleges are more difficult to  get into than some two-year colleges (E)some four-yearnot reasons why parents and teachers were mentioned in this passage. 15.It can be inferred from the passage that (A)four-year colleges are better than two-year  colleges (B)some smart students can eliminate the need to go  to two-year schools achieve their goals14. (B) The first paragraph states that a student should meet with his parents and teachers so that they can help him identify his goals and target the best ways to meet those goals. While the other statements may be true, they are "contacts" within the school system are vital to  gaining admission to college (D)professionals are able to identify problems that  a student may be unable to recognize (E)parents and teachers have a vested interest in  seeing that the studentsntioned to make the point that (A)students are too immature to be responsible for  planning their own futures (B)others may be helpful in letting a student  identify his goals and to make certain that the  courses work towards those goals (C)states over and over again that planning is critical, that the student should know ahead of time what he needs to take and what he wants to take, and should prepare several curricula in case problems occur getting classes. 14.Parents and teachers are men a student  plans his college schedule (D)four-year and two-year colleges may have  differences of opinion regarding the "basics" (E)a curriculum and several alternatives should be  prepared before going to college13. (E) The entire passage der see the point of view of the writer. 13.The main idea of the passage is that (A)college curricula are complicated and difficult  to understand (B)professors may not be available for certain  classes (C)input from others is helpful whee of this passage is (A)cynical (B)whimsical (C)persuasive (D)flippant (E)apologetic12. (C) This whole passage tries to convince the reader to do something, to plan ahead for school. The passage is persuasive, trying to make the rea is all about planning ahead, taking the time before college begins to plan the proper curriculum. Do not get tricked by choice (E) just because you see the word "curriculum"; the answer is too broad to be the title of this specific passage.12.The tont this information, therefore, is given to emphasize such definition. 9.According to the author, which of the following would be a correct definition of a radioactive isotope? (A)an isotope that rearranges its molecules after  passing through an el concept of chemistry with  ours today (D)contrast isomers with isotopes (E)show how the meaning of the word has changed  today8. (A) The derivation of the word is discussed immediately after its introduction and definition. You may infer thaoperties (statement III). 8.The author mentions the Greek terms from which the word "isomer" is derived in order to (A)emphasize the concept that isomers have the  same formula (B)show how old the concept of isomers is (C)compare the Greekt paragraph of the passage states that no two elements can have the same atomic number (statement II). And the first paragraph of the passage states that compounds with identical weights and the same kinds and quantities of atoms need not have the same pr(C)III (D)I,II,III (E)None of the above 7. (E) None of the statements appear to be true. The last sentence of the passage states that radioactive isotopes give off particles; therefore, they DECREASE in mass over time (statement I). The lasmass over time II.a new element could be discovered which has the  same atomic number as a currently existing  element III.two compounds with identical weights and kinds  and number of atoms must have identical  properties (A)I (B)II es only two items: isomers and isotopes. The primary purpose was not to deal with chemistry as a science, but to define two concepts of chemistry.7.The passage implies that which of the following is (are) true? I.radioactive isotopes increase in show the importance of chemistry in everyday  living (D)define and illustrate some basic chemical terms (E)compare and contrast various theories of  chemistry (First Question, Second Passage)6. (D) The entire passage defines and discuss Some isotopes are radioactive, meaning that they give off particles and become lighter-weight isotopes. 6.The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to (A)give a history of chemistry (B)give an overview of chemistry (C) that substance). The heavier a substance is, the more protons it will have and the higher its atomic number will be. No two elements have the same atomic number, but all atoms of the same element do have the same atomic number. ample, there is light hydrogen with a mass number of 1 and heavy hydrogen with a mass number of 2. Both of these elements have the same atomic number, 1 (the atomic number refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of atoms ofds and quantity of atoms they contain. However, because of the different arrangements of the atoms, the compounds have different properties. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in mass or atomic weight. For exformula but different arrangements of atoms, they are called isomers. The term "isomer" comes from the Greek words "isos," meaning "equal," and "meros," meaning "a share or part." Isomers are exactly alike in their weights and the kin ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO When two chemical compounds have the same 7# DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press          is Indian because she (A)respects the accomplishments of Indian women (B)holds up Indian women as role models for "our"  daughters (C)is aware of Indian women of whom many others may  not have heard (D)denigrates whites in her writing, mf women who could serve as role models for children, telling of their accomplishments. She shows this respect from the first paragraph, where she labels the women "strong, brave and industrious." 2.You may assume the author of this passage most probablyth military intelligence. In 1971, she was appointed special assistant to the Secretary of the Interior.1.The author's tone is (A)derogatory (B)wistful (C)respectful (D)anticipatory (E)cynical1. (C) The author speaks o are still contributing to our country. Wilma L. Victor, a Choctaw Indian who received a teacher's degree and later a master's degree in education, taught at Indian schools before enlisting in the Women's Army Corps and serving wi Georgia where she met General Oglethorpe. She acted as his interpreter and helped ensure that the Indians would be loyal to the English rather than to the Spanish who were attempting to take over Georgia. Modern Indian womenown among whites as Mary Musgrove. She was a princess of the Creek tribe of Coewta, Alabama, and became one of the most respected and renowned Indian women in colonial times. With her English husband, John Musgrove, Mary moved tomany ways, including acting as interpreter for them in their dealings with the Bannock Indians, and traveling into the Bannock camp when others were afraid to do so. Another woman whom we might learn from is Coosaponakeese, knr people. When the Paiute Indians lost the Paiute War around 1860, she lived on a reservation with the rest of her people and went to the army fort almost daily to beg for food, water and clothing. She also aided the soldiers in wer. As a child, she lived for a time with whites and went to a convent school until the objections of some whites forced the school to eject her. She was never bitter toward whites, regardless of their actions towards her and hees there have been strong, brave and industrious women who gained the respect of both whites and Indians through their actions and their honesty. Sarah Winnemucca was a Paiute Indian who was known among her people as Shell Floction of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE Those who say that we have no role models for our daughters are wrong. Throughout many Indian tribquestions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter seetter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the RklRm@Qo   TOPIC 23:AUTHOR INFORMATION Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the l 0p 0  H &0f  @}r R;Y@ZR][P\    R^R`Ra c Ruc0cRd0jf Rg0YhRhmj       this information, therefore, is given to emphasize such definition. 9.According to the author, which of the following would be a correct definition of a radioactive isotope? (A)an isotope that rearranges its molecules after  passing through an eleconcept of chemistry with  ours today (D)contrast isomers with isotopes (E)show how the meaning of the word has changed  today8. (A) The derivation of the word is discussed immediately after its introduction and definition. You may infer that erties (statement III). 8.The author mentions the Greek terms from which the word "isomer" is derived in order to (A)emphasize the concept that isomers have the  same formula (B)show how old the concept of isomers is (C)compare the Greek cparagraph of the passage states that no two elements can have the same atomic number (statement II). And the first paragraph of the passage states that compounds with identical weights and the same kinds and quantities of atoms need not have the same prop(C)III (D)I,II,III (E)None of the above 7. (E) None of the statements appear to be true. The last sentence of the passage states that radioactive isotopes give off particles; therefore, they DECREASE in mass over time (statement I). The last ss over time II.a new element could be discovered which has the  same atomic number as a currently existing  element III.two compounds with identical weights and kinds  and number of atoms must have identical  properties (A)I (B)II  only two items: isomers and isotopes. The primary purpose was not to deal with chemistry as a science, but to define two concepts of chemistry.7.The passage implies that which of the following is (are) true? I.radioactive isotopes increase in mashow the importance of chemistry in everyday  living (D)define and illustrate some basic chemical terms (E)compare and contrast various theories of  chemistry (First Question, Second Passage)6. (D) The entire passage defines and discussesome isotopes are radioactive, meaning that they give off particles and become lighter-weight isotopes. 6.The author's primary purpose in writing this passage is to (A)give a history of chemistry (B)give an overview of chemistry (C)hat substance). The heavier a substance is, the more protons it will have and the higher its atomic number will be. No two elements have the same atomic number, but all atoms of the same element do have the same atomic number. Sple, there is light hydrogen with a mass number of 1 and heavy hydrogen with a mass number of 2. Both of these elements have the same atomic number, 1 (the atomic number refers to the number of protons in the nucleus of atoms of t and quantity of atoms they contain. However, because of the different arrangements of the atoms, the compounds have different properties. Isotopes are atoms of the same element that differ in mass or atomic weight. For examformula but different arrangements of atoms, they are called isomers. The term "isomer" comes from the Greek words "isos" meaning "equal," and "meros" meaning "a share or part." Isomers are exactly alike in their weights and the kinds ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO When two chemical compounds have the same 7# DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press          go back to find answers requiring an inference or a generalization. in this program you may use the SCRATCHPAD feature to make such notes; on the actual GMAT, make them in the margins of your test booklet. 3.FIND or INFER the answer to the question.Go back to the passage to find specific FACTS, but do NOTneeded, or a theoretical passage, which you must read carefully for its implications and overall tone. 2.READ AND NOTATE the passage.Highlight definitions or items in a series, and make brief notes indicating the topic of each paragraph.Ohs. Following each passage are several questions based on information STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. HOW TO APPROACH THE QUESTION: 1.PREVIEW the passage, determining whether it is a factual passage, which you may skim for information as ESTIONS ON GMAT: 25; usually there are three reading passages:two are followed by 9 questions each; one is followed by 7 questions. QUESTION FORMAT: A given reading passage may be as long as five paragraphs or as short as three paragrap*G'READING COMPREHENSION Use this AID! SCREEN to remind yourself of the best approach to this question type.For additional information, refer to the SPECIAL STRATEGIES: READING COMPREHENSION portion of the printed booklet. NUMBER OF QU     ally become law (E)None of the above1. (E) Since all of the choices WERE mentioned as things that could occur, NONE were NOT mentioned. Be careful of these "double negatives"; you might want to circle the "true" answers and X out the "false" answered as a possible result when a sufficient number of registered voters have signed a petition? (A)It could go before a legislative body (B)It could be rejected and resubmitted later (C)It could go directly on the ballot (D)It could automatic Dakota was the first state to adopt laws for both the initiative and the referendum. Four years later, in 1902, Oregon included provisions for initiatives and referendums in its constitution.1.Which of the following is not mentiontate). Referendums have been part of democratic governments for years; parts of Switzerland have used them since the 1500's. New Zealand and Australia have had referendums since the beginning of the 1900's. In America, Southative body or by the people themselves. Referendums frequently concern proposed amendments to the state constitution; the people vote directly on whether or not to accept the amendments (although procedures do vary from state to s petition are the same as those who would be doing the voting). A referendum occurs when a proposed law is placed on the ballot for people to vote upon. A referendum may cover laws proposed by an administrative body, a legisl time. The proposed law may go before the voters, being placed on the ballot. Or, the proposed law may become law directly (although this usually happens only within a very small area, such as a township wherein those who sign the te or federal legislature. Such a body may accept the proposal, and make it law. If the body rejects the proposal, in some states, the law may not be reintroduced; in other states, the voters may resubmit the petition at a laterrendum. Anyone may propose a law. If enough registered voters sign a petition seeking to have the law passed, one of three things may happen. The proposed law may go before a legislative body, such as a city council, or a staven dispossessing) representatives, they have the ability to have specific ideas or concepts made into law. Voters can introduce a law by means of an initiative. Once the law is introduced, the voters may vote on it by means of a refeection of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE In America, the people really do have a direct say in their government. Along with electing (or e questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter sletter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the Rk@lRnao  TOPIC 24:NEGATIVE QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the 0 P%v ? P 0 0  Rr[@.\R|\P]R_^ $` R` Fb    Rc@e  Rf]gRg )iRiPj         passage does not supply sufficient information to answer which of the following questions? I.In what territory were the Pueblo Indians  found? II.Who was the leader of the Pequot Indians just  before the survivors were sold into slavery? III.de during the 1680's (E)the Spaniards reconquered the Pueblos under  Diego de Vargas8. (B) According to the passage, it was the people of Massachusetts who sold the PEQUOT Indians into slavery, not the Spaniards who did so to the Pueblos. 9.The xcept (A)the Spaniards refused to let the Pueblos worship  their own gods (B)the Spaniards sold the Pueblos into slavery in  Bermuda (C)the Spaniards used the Pueblos as slave workers (D)the Pueblos regained self-control for over a  decawent to  war against the British.7. (E) While statement (E) may be historically true, the author did not give it as a reason for Indian warfare. 8.According to the passage, all of the following occurred between the Spaniards and the Pueblo Indians e whites? (A)Whites took Indian game without giving the  Indians compensation. (B)Whites encroached upon Indian land. (C)Whites forced Indians to work as slaves. (D)Whites massacred Indians. (E)Indians helped the French when the French a (B)Pequot (C)Shawnee (D)Comanche (E)Pueblo (First Question, Second Passage)6. (D) All of the tribes except the Comanche were mentioned in the passage. 7.The author did not give which of the following as a reason Indians fought great Shawnee chief, Tecumseh, traveled throughout the Southwest trying to unite warring Indian tribes to fight against the encroachment of the whites. 6.Which of the following Indian tribes was not mentioned in the passage? (A)Ottawhat these gifts made up for the game the whites took from the Indians' land, united under Pontiac, an Ottawa chief. In the Indiana Territory, Indians led by Chief Little Turtle defeated army troops. A decade and a half later, they felt was being jeopardized by the intrusion of the white people. When the British drove the French out of the Ohio River Valley, they refused to continue the French custom of giving gifts to the Indians. The Indians, who felt t the land after a long seige. He ruled the territory for 12 years until being conquered by the Spanish under Diego de Vargas in 1692. Some Indians fought not for revenge against specific acts but to preserve a way of life thee Pueblo Indians, prevented them from worshipping their own gods, and set them to work in a forced labor system that was much like slavery. The Pueblos' chief, Pope, finally retaliated, killing many Spaniards and forcing them from burning alive more than 600 Indians. A few weeks later, they captured the Pequot chief and sold most of his surviving people into slavery in Bermuda. When the Spaniards moved into Arizona and New Mexico, they conquered thetaliations by the Indians for atrocities committed by settlers in America. After settlers in Massachusetts burned a Pequot village, the Pequot chief gathered his warriors to strike against the villagers. The villagers struck first, ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Many of the Indian "wars" were in fact r9/ DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press            not by whom, the theory was shown to be erroneous.3.Which of the following may you infer best represents the attitude of Ptolemy's peers towards his 13-volume work? (A)disbelieving (B)unimpressed (C)respectful (D)indifferent (E)sary's theory that the earth was the center of the universe was definitively disproven by (A)Copernicus (B)Aristotle (C)Einstein (D)Columbus (E)None of the above2. (E) The author does NOT give this information; she only states when, butverse1. (E) The author in the second paragraph states that perhaps the most important contribution "to his time" was this theory; therefore, you may infer that his peers considered this theory his main contribution.2.According to the passage, Ptolem(B)his charting of the relative positions of the  stars and constellations (C)his projections of the size of the oceans and  land masses (D)his theory of the development of the universe (E)his theory of the earth as the center of  the unigth of his sea voyage and be more willing to undertake it. 1.According to the author, which of the following was considered by Ptolemy's peers to be his most important contribution to science? (A)his measurements of the size and mass of stars Geography," is considered to have influenced Christopher Columbus many centuries later. Ptolemy considered the land much larger and the oceans much smaller than they were; these beliefs encouraged Columbus to underestimate the leniverse around which other planets, as well as the moon and sun, traveled. His theory was widely accepted and not definitively disproved until the mid-1500's. Ptolemy did not limit himself to a study of astronomy. His book, " gave longitude and latitude for the stars and described their general spatial relationship to each other. Perhaps the most important concept to his time was his theory that the Earth did not move, that it was the center of the un ancient times, little is known of him personally; virtually the only record of the man is the work he left. Two of the volumes of "Mathematical Synthesis" cataloged over 1,000 stars and almost 50 constellations. Ptolemyt Greeks for a 13-volume work entitled "Mathematical Synthesis." The author of the work, Claudius Ptolemy, was an astronomer at Alexandria, Egypt, around A.D. 150. Although scientists consider Ptolemy one of the greatest scientists of section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE "Amalgest" is an Arabic-Greek term meaning "the greatest" and was the common nickname among ancien questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter he letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**) DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the RMp qR r@s   TOPIC 25:MISCELLANEOUS READING Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type t 0< P   P 000@     @b R\0D_ RS`@ b Rce Re@fRgJhR`i ujRyk@lRmn        in and Ferraro to  perform the study (B)the socio-economic breakdown of the students  studied (C)the types of classes taken and materials studied  by the students in the survey (D)the studying weaknesses of the students in  the survey (E). Therefore, they must have started work by locating a group of successful students, whose study habits they then proceeded to analyze. 7.If the passage were to continue, the next portion would most probably discuss (A)the qualifications of Feinsteop a series of experiments for testing the  efficiency of various study techniques (First Question, Second Passage)6. (C) Throughout the passage it is made clear that Feinstein and Ferraro's study dealt with the study habits of successful studentsB)list possible study weaknesses of graduate  students in various subject areas (C)identify successful graduate students in various  fields of study (D)consult with professors as to the study habits  they considered most important (E)develt material and write it out in their notebooks.6.It can be inferred from the passage that the first step taken by Feinstein and Ferraro in performing the research described was probably to (A)interview as many graduate students as possible ( One fascinating discovery is that the better the student, the less underlining and more actual writing he or she does. Rather than marking up their books with multicolored highlighting pencils, excellent students rephrase importan is use as many methods as possible to review material. After reading the material, the best students memorize it and recite it back to themselves, or discuss it with friends. Generally, good students also rewrite important material. g is often repeated right before exams, allowing the students to integrate all the details they encounter and to see how those details fit into a theory or overall concept. The third and final step excellent students taketail. Top students skim through each chapter, getting the flavor of the material and learning what the author wants them to see in a general way, then go back and reread as often as necessary for important details. Such general readind that top students never feel compelled to stick to the original plan if changes are advisable for maximum studying efficiency. The next step that good students take is to read for overall impression before getting down to deparing to study before actually doing so. Such students make outlines, charts or lists of what needs to be done, then tick off each item as it is accomplished. The researchers discovered that such lists are revised frequently, an of the steps was an appendix, broken down by majors, that listed the studying weaknesses of these students. Feinstein and Ferraro found that the best students take up to 5% of their total study time to plan their studies, preversity grant to research the study habits of successful graduate students, Feinstein and Ferraro published a report listing what they considered the three main steps successful students use in studying. Along with the lengthy analysis ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Seven years after they received their uni4"5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press                 go back to find answers requiring an inference or a generalization. in this program you may use the SCRATCHPAD feature to make such notes; on the actual GMAT, make them in the margins of your test booklet. 3.FIND or INFER the answer to the question.Go back to the passage to find specific FACTS, but do NOTneeded, or a theoretical passage, which you must read carefully for its implications and overall tone. 2.READ AND NOTATE the passage.Highlight definitions or items in a series, and make brief notes indicating the topic of each paragraph.Ohs. Following each passage are several questions based on information STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. HOW TO APPROACH THE QUESTION: 1.PREVIEW the passage, determining whether it is a factual passage, which you may skim for information as ESTIONS ON GMAT: 25; usually there are three reading passages:two are followed by 9 questions each; one is followed by 7 questions. QUESTION FORMAT: A given reading passage may be as long as five paragraphs or as short as three paragrap*G'READING COMPREHENSION Use this AID! SCREEN to remind yourself of the best approach to this question type.For additional information, refer to the SPECIAL STRATEGIES: READING COMPREHENSION portion of the printed booklet. NUMBER OF QU     at he was buried there. You are told that he liked America; you may not infer that it MUST be true that he became a citizen or married an American citizen. When a detail question asks for something that MUST be true, go back to the passage to look for th an American citizen. (B)Paderewski was buried in America. (C)Paderewski married an American citizen. (D)All of the above (E)None of the above3. (E) You are told that Paderewski died in New York; you may not infer that it MUST be true ths you that Paderewski was 12 when he was ADMITTED to the conservatory and that SIX YEARS LATER he became a professor; therefore, he was 18 when he was a professor.3.According to the passage, which of the following must be true? (A)Paderewski became AFTER Paderewski published his memoirs; therefore, they must have been published in 1938.2.Paderewski was how old when he became a professor at the Warsaw Conservatory? (A)6 (B)12 (C)16 (D)18 (E)242. (D) The first paragraph telln B Minor," was a musical history of Poland.1.According to the passage, Paderewski published his memoirs in (A)1941 (B)1940 (C)1939 (D)1938 (E)Cannot be determined1. (D) The second paragraph tells you that 1939 was the year to the League of Nations. He gained political power when he served for 10 months as the minister of foreign affairs in the Polish republic; he also served a term as president. The last composition that Paderewski wrote, "Symphony imericans remember Paderewski for his piano virtuosity, Poles remember him for his all-consuming patriotism. He frequently gave the proceeds from his concerts to Polish defense funds during World War I and was Poland's representative New York City. His last American concert took place in 1939, the year after he published "The Paderewski Memoirs." Paderewski was drawn to the United States and to New York City in particular, where he died in 1941. While Amerely six years later. Paderewski's concert career began in 1887 and gained him immediate renown in America and Europe. Playing to packed houses, Paderewski performed 117 recitals in 90 days, including a memorable one in nd the grandson of a university professor. He showed musical genius early, and was given piano lessons from the time he was six. He was only 12 when he was admitted to the Warsaw Conservatory; he became a professor at the conservatory section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE Born in 1860, Ignacy Jan Paderewski was the son of an administrator of large and numerous estates a questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**) DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the ;RU^@_;Rs_@9`  TOPIC 21:DETAIL QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages  DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type the I0. @ W @  P Ie ?0>?P{@i@G;RYb[;R\0\;R*]P]          e15. (D) The answer was stated specifically in the second paragraph.ph mentions that Nietzsche described himself as a nihilist.15.According to the passage, nihilism and revolution were considered the same thing by (A)Russian thinkers (B)philosophers (C)autocratic leaders (D)conservatives (E)Nietzsch, "nihil," meaning "nothing."14.According to the passage, which of the following described himself as a nihilist? (A)Ivan Turgenev (B)Leo Tolstoy (C)Czar Nicholas (D)Friedrich Nietzsche (E)Vaslav Nijinsky14. (D) The first paragrang to the passage, the word "nihilism" is from the Latin term meaning (A)"doubt" (B)"questioning" (C)"revolution" (D)"philosophy" (E)"nothing"13. (E) The first sentence of the passage tells you that the term comes from the Latin wordidely known as a result of (A)a speech by Josef Stalin (B)a composition by Rachmaninoff (C)a novel by Turgenev (D)a play by Tolstoy (E)None of the above12. (C) The answer is given in the first paragraph of the passage.13.Accordiorld (First Question, Second Passage)11. (A) The answer is stated specifically in the second paragraph. Note that while other answers may contain true statements, they do not answer what the question asked.12.The term "nihilism" first became win no belief is impossible (A)pure nihilism cannot exist (B)nihilism will cause acts of terrorism (C)old values and ideas should not be questioned (D)accepting values on faith is dangerous (E)nihilism will become common throughout the wterms. The word "nihilism" now often has a somewhat watered-down meaning in popular speech: it is used to refer to any skeptical questioning of accepted ideas. 11.According to the passage, some people think that because belief r these thinkers, nihilism constituted above all a denial of the reality of objective truth. An outgrowth of this concept is the often-stated belief that pure nihilism cannot exist, since belief in no belief is a contradiction in onservatives often identified nihilism and revolution, attributing acts of terrorism against the Russian government and other autocratic regimes to nihilists. Others emphasized the nonpolitical, philosophical side of nihilism. Foefinition: "A Nihilist is the man who says of the world as it is, that it ought NOT to exist, and of the world as it ought to be, that it does not exist." Thinkers of other persuasions defined nihilism in still other ways. Cnovel, a character defines a nihilist as one who does not accept authority or accept any principle on faith. The philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, who described himself as a nihilist in some of his writings, offered a more radical d "nihil," meaning "nothing." As a philosophical and political movement, nihilism originated in the nineteenth century. It came to the attention of the public largely as a result of Ivan Turgenev's novel, "Fathers and Sons." In that ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ================================== PASSAGE TWO The term "nihilism" comes from the Latin word I:D* DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press          ls. Therefore, the title "What Is a Novel?" best describes the content of the passage. 2.The primary purpose of the passage is to (A)identify and describe some of the kinds of works  that should and should not be classified as  novels (B)critthors (B)The Origin of the Novel (C)The Future of the Novel (D)Why Read a Novel? (E)What Is a Novel?1. (E) The purpose of the passage is to define -- at least to some extent -- what kinds of works should and should not be considered novethe comic yet piercing intellectual romps of authors like Laurence Sterne and Joyce. All are novels, though some may seem to strain the very limits of the genre.1.The best title for this passage would be (A)Famous Novels and Their Auors such as Jane Austen and Henry James, to the panoramic visions of an entire society created by writers such as Fielding, Tolstoy, and Dos Passos, and from the poetically cadenced, vividly symbolic morality plays of Faulkner, to to encompass a wide variety of prose narratives. In the nearly three centuries of its history, the novel has taken on an amazing number of forms: from the penetrating, small-scale dramas of domestic and social life created by autheader's interest is directed away from human psychology toward questions of more intellectual and abstract import -- the nature of time, for example, or the destiny of the human race. Our definition, however, remains broad enough ns of abstract qualities. In Swift and Voltaire, characters are manipulated by the author not in obedience to the dictates of realism, but in order to make satiric points about society at large. And in much science fiction, the rction. Our definition excludes them from consideration as novels because they lack an emphasis on the realistic treatment of individual human behavior. In Bunyan, the characters are not so much individual people as personificatio narratives which should properly be considered "near-novels." In the category of near-novels belong such diverse works as Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progress," Swift's "Gulliver's Travels," Voltaire's "Candide," and much science fiavior, usually through a series of connected events. This definition, while very broad, is at least narrow enough to exclude certain obvious non-novels, such as epic poems, plays, and all works of nonfiction, as well as some prose section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE ONE The novel may be defined as a lengthy prose narrative that depicts more or less realistic beh questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter the letter corresponding to your choice.Press the RIGHT arrow key->to begin and to continue to the next question.Press the LEFT arrow key<-if you wish to review previous questions.**5 DIRECTIONS: Read the passage below. Answer the )^m Lo  )^|p0rr   TOPIC 22:COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS Reading Comprehension 2 Passages DIRECTIONS:Read each question carefully.From among the answer choices given, select the answer that is BEST.**Type 0 Pq TZ 0  G@   ;RP@SS0TUVY Z #\0\)^f@g)^*i0i)^`jPl!! ! ! ! ! !!!!!!!!!     nths before the student goes to school. He should sit down with his parents, his teachers, and his counselors to determine what his goals are and the best way to reach those goals. He should go through his school records carefully, to theSEE QUESTIONmode for a shorter section of the passage with the question below. ** ================================== PASSAGE TWO Choosing the proper curriculum for college should be done moNS: Read the passage below. Answer the questions following it based on what is STATED or IMPLIED in the passage. ** Pressing^Rallows you to enter theREAD MORE mode to see a longer excerpt of the passage. Press ^Sto return of domestic life. Of the other kinds of novels described in the passage, the ones most clearly differentiated from Austen's are those written by novelists such as Fielding, Tolstoy, and Dos Passos -- panoramic visions of an entire society.- DIRECTIOrred that the novels of Jane Austen are probably LEAST like the novels of which of the following? (A)Joyce (B)James (C)Dos Passos (D)Faulkner (E)Sterne10. (C) In the third paragraph, Austen's novels as described as small-scale dramasot focus their attention on human psychology. Therefore, we can infer that science fiction books that DO focus on individual human beings and their behavior and feelings would be classified by the author of the passage as true novels.10.It can be infe society (D)is written in a poetic or symbolic style (E)succeeds in capturing and retaining the interest  of the average reader9. (B) In the second paragraph, the author says that many science fiction books are not true novels because they do ne author considers a science fiction book a novel if it (A)deals with events in a recognizable human  environment (B)focuses mainly on human behavior rather than  abstract intellectual questions (C)conveys the author's satiric view of human T mentioned IN THE PASSAGE as a characteristic of novels. You may realize that some novels do, in fact, take a satiric view of society. However, your answer must be based on the passage, not on your own outside knowledge. 9.The passage implies that thls. The idea of a satiric view of society is mentioned in the second paragraph -- specifically, in the description of works by Swift and Voltaire that are NOT novels. So (A) is the correct answer. Remember, you are asked to choose the quality that is NOa panoramic view of life (C)a poetic style (D)intellectual humor (E)examination of domestic incidents 8. (A) The qualities mentioned in choices (B) through (E) are all cited in the third paragraph, which describes some of the variety of novee end of the twentieth century; therefore, the novel must have originated near the end of the seventeenth century.8.All of the following are mentioned in the passage as characteristic of certain novels EXCEPT (A)a satirical attack on society (B) of which century? (A)The fifteenth (B)The sixteenth (C)The seventeenth (D)The eighteenth (E)The nineteenth7. (C) Refer to the second sentence of the third paragraph. The novel has existed for nearly three centuries; we live near thVoltaire6. (E) Swift and Voltaire are mentioned together in the fourth sentence of the second paragraph as two authors who manipulated characters and events in order to make satiric points.7.The passage implies that the novel originated near the end:6!6.It can be inferred from the passage that, of the following, the two authors whose works most closely resemble one another are (A)Bunyan and Swift (B)Voltaire and Fielding (C)Sterne and Faulkner (D)Austen and Joyce (E)Swift and "" " " " " """""""""