8L2C)pJJJJ IH(ȱH:=IH[H`@HcH  $ + H  I/H`JLNGȄBȄF aK  haaFF  mJm# KKJ UJ )J ۈ) ;J3ȱJFȱJGJKaȄM  aaNNJFLGJL L_ *** UNIT 6, EX A, B, & C OF GRAMMAR MASTERY II--SERIES B *** CATALOG TITLE "PARTICIPLE" *** WRITTEN BY SHELDON WISE *** PROGRAMMED BY LAURA E. SAVELY; MODIFIED BY NANCY POST, 8/87  *** COPYRIGHT 1987 BY American Language Academy -- #FORW6$PROGr0;$PERF$*D#NEG"A  &PRODOS:! 2,BASIC.SYSTEM(! ҨFOREXA5c-IRREG.VERBS.1:v-IRREG.VERBS.2>PERFEXCE GRAM.MAST.B6' *PARTICIPLE8+REG.VERBS.1A_GnX,TITLE.PAGE.B-  'STARTUPM $LOGOI? &PRODOS `DaElH$?EGvѶK+`L HHLy X -LE  \ c 1`JjɪꪪS)*+,+`F)) (*=GJFjJJA QE'+ '== `@ STSP8QSS8 m P o R(8RALL RIGHTS STRICTLY RESERVED` 27468:SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N))::FX%((768)96) B6%(20,30,1),M$(10),T$(25),Q$(25),A$(25),PA$(25),PV$(25),EX$(2),N(25):D$(4):C$(34):EX$"PAST PARTICIPLES" (27)(17) UL$(95)(95):2000P   !"#$2:9:"Type YES (Y) or NO (N)";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553:KP78KP89KP110KP121825;YN1((KP78)(KP110)):FX%ı6,11020(1):7,20:7686,8020(1):7,20:768 6,15020(1)$;".":OC9:"Now it's perfectly correct, ";SF$;".":xD4:"That's much better, ";SF$;".":E1:"You're really learning, ";SF$;".":F8:"You just need practice.":G7:"That's the way to learn.":d922:1:958:2's the right participle.":? 8:"That's the right one.":U 15:"Correct.":m14:"Excellent!":10:"That's it, ";SF$;".":?18:1:958:(17(1))577,578,579,580,581,582,583A11:"Now it's correct!": B6:"OK this time, ";SF68,0:16384,128:KP(16384)128:16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553Z;KP49KP48M310i@CXKP48:900:1700:NT157518:1:958:(17(1))521,522,523,524,525,526,527 8:"That's right, ";SF$;".": 15:"Exactly!": 5:"That20:1:958:20:15:"Press ";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553KP27KP1551808:M$(0)::N1M3:N;". ";M$(N):,21:1:958:21:14:"Your choice?";:CH(36):CV(37)C6163~E3Q2P$"."DF0:E24:1:958:24:14:"SPACE BAR";16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553KP160KP32150:((40(EX$))2):EX$:L1EX$(1)""162((40(EX$(0)))2):EX$(0)j";QC;:6:"* Use the participle of <";:V$;:">";z38:"*":"* *";:38:"*":6:"**************************************":9:CV(37){Y1L:CV12(Y1)|CV12(Y1):T$(Y)::1CV2(X1):N}P$"":(W$,1)(95)P$(W$,(W$)1N)(W$, LEN (W$) - N - LEN (A$(QC))):N = N + 2: GOTO 1190 :rem a$ is last word on linet(W$,(A$(QC))1)A$(QC)" "W$UL$(W$,(W$)(A$(QC))):N2:120v1083xT$(X)W$:NN1::2:"**************************************":"* *";:38:"*":"* $):(W$,N,(A$(QC))2)" "A$(QC)" "Ăn(W$,N,(A$(QC))2)" "A$(QC)" "W$(W$,N)UL$(W$,(W$)N(A$(QC))):NN2:120pN1(W$):(W$,N,(A$(QC))1)" "A$(QC)ĂVr(W$,N,(A$(QC))1)" "A$(QC)W$(W$,N)UL$:NN2:120: + RIGHT$ (95)P$;:MM2:M0W$(W$,M):403 JW$"":40P dDF1:X0:L0:P$W$:W$""| fLL1:(P$)40W$P$:20:T$(L)W$:108 hN3911:(P$,N,1)" "T$(L)(P$,N)(B$,40N):P$(P$,(P$)N):W$T$(L):20:T$(L)W$:102 jN+lXX1:W$T$(X):N1(W145ġ:1553% -M1(N13N32)42b .N8(N8N13)(N13N65)(N90N97)(N122N128)42o 2N1360{ 4N870 6W$W$M$:MII1ĺM$(95)P$; 840 <20:(W$)042 >28:CV1:CH(W$)1:868:P$: F(36)CH42% HM$;:868:Z$"":I1(W$)9 N((W$,I,1)):N97N39N3234D NN32` "WZ$WZ$(N)::W$WZ$: $CV(37):M0:CH(36):M$"":W$"" &19 (MM1:CV1:CHM:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,M):40 *16368,0:M$:N(M$):N127NN128 ,N17NТ23:1:958:23:8:"Please type the participle":12:"and press ";:~ (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):20 (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):22 ZZ1(W$):(W$,ZZ,2)" "W$(W$,ZZ)(W$,(W$)1ZZ):ZZZZ1 ZZ: W:7,20:768 FX%1ıMZZ16:YY(16336)(16336)(16336)YY(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336):ZZ:~FX%ı6,100(37)3:7,10:7686,(100)100:7,4:7686,(37)3:7,6:768{::160:10:5:"Please make a note that you have":5:"worked with: ":1990::5:M$(0):150::M$(0)"What do you want to do now?":M$(1)"Do the next exercise":M$(2)"Go to the Main Menu":M$(3)"Stop for today":M3::33,2ĺ"This time you missed 2 questions.":"Would you like to try them again?"&TW2ĺ"This exercise is hard, isn't it?":"I think you'll do better if":"you try the ones you missed":"one more time."::"Would you like to try them again?"'34,22:33, time you answered "PC%"%":"of the questions correctly,":"but your official score is "PC"%.":1960u%PC%100ı%34,8:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"There is only one question that":"you're having trouble with.":"Would you like to try it again?"M&TWes again."w$TW3ĺ"You had a hard time with some":"of those questions. Let's try":"the ones you missed again."$34,16:33,40:32,0::150:::$:160:34,8:33,37:32,3:$PC%100ĺ"You're getting to be an expert!":f%PC%PCĺ"Thisrful! You only missed one!":"Let's try it again."#TW2ĺ"You only had trouble with two":"questions. I think you'll get":"them right if you try them again." $TW3ĺ"You did pretty well, but I'm sure":"you can get 100% if you try":"the hard on0)019151"B6%(E,QC,0)0B6%(E,QC,1)01915F"QQC:3025:1915":160:VT86(PC100):VT:12:"FINAL SCORE: "PC"%""PC100ĢVT6:4:"C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S!"::9:"You did a great job!":150:4#34,12:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"Wonde3Ģ21:958:22:12:"Try it again.":a!"C2Ģ20:958:22:4:"This is the right answer.":!520:6:"Please type only ONE word.":!lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:MN2:WC27:TW0:L0!{QCQC1:QC16ı!}B6%(E,QC,0)0B6%(E,QC,1)01927 "B6%(E,QC,L)ī1801 NL LK: "Simple";:14:"Past";:28:"Past":"Form";:14:"Tense";:28:"Participle":"----";:14:"-----";:28:"----------": W$A$İ900:20:958:22:(17(1))521,522,523,524,525,526,527: W$A$İ1000:CC1:(!!C'TQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%(E,0,0)PC:XPC(TP100TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1jB6%(E,0,0)PCPC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%PC%1:LK116 N(LK)((1)16)1 LK1ī1806 NL1LK1 N(LK)N(N1ı!TWTW1:B6%(E,Q,1)0ıBB6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:M130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:B6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780B6%(E,N,0)2RPRP1B6%(E,N,1)0TQTQ1N again.":jh22:1:958:22:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:14:1:958jCV1:1:T$(X);:868:CH1:A$(QC);:P$:NT1ıB6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2:B6%(E,Q,0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFSMSM1NT6:"I'm sorry, but you didn't":9:"spell it correctly.":pL2:"You probably made a spelling mistake.":N3:"That's not correct, ";SF$;".":P6:"That's not the correct word.":R7:"That isn't the right word.": Y22:10:"Please tryMNĢ19:7:"Please type the ";:"PARTICIPLE";:".":GBW$V$1640C18:(17(1))1606,1608,1610,1612,1614,1616,1618:NTMN1625D1640F8:"Sorry, but that wasn't":11:"the right answer.":H4:"No, that wasn't the right choice.":>Ja,:P115:G19:A$:T30P11:10:T:A$:10:T:" ":A(16336)::10:P1:A$;:P1P11:x-G,o,o,d,b,y,e,!,!.15:7:"Please turn off the computer.":1,0@16:1:958:1000:1725:W$V$16037A9:"That's the ";:"SIMPLE";:" form":NT34:32,6:200:33,40:32,0:5CX1565,1565,1580x:10:3:"Just a minute, ";SF$;"...":34,12:CX1İ1990:1570D$"RUN STARTUP,S6""CXMV:CX0CX1$CX1B6%(1,0,1)0CX2%MV2CX2&MV3CX3'MV42580*D$"RUN FOR,S6"40:32,0::825:::B'MF0:N1(W$):(W$,N,1)" "MFMF1J':'MV0:B6%(1,0,1)0MV2:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercise A"'MV2B6%(2,0,1)0B6%(3,0,1)0MV3:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercises A & B":(MV2B6%(2,0,1)0B6%(3,0,1)0MV4:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercises A, B, & C":Y(MV2B6%(3,0,1)0MV2:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercises A & C":(B6%(2,0,1)0B6%(3,0,1)0MV1:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercises B & C":(B6%(2,0,1)0MV1:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercise B":)B6%(3,0,1)0MV1:M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercisebout 40.)"612:3:"Let's divide these into 4 groups"::"and look at them one by one. This way"::"I hope it will be easier for you "::"to remember them.":1506:2:5:"Group 1: Participles with ";:"WN":4:1:1822B78:"blow";:14:"blew;:14:"brought";:28:"brought":1150]518:"keep";:14:"kept";:28:"kept":1150:150 6:2:3:"So, ";SF$;", the only problem"::"is remembering the participles of verbs"::"that have different past tense and"::"participle forms. (There are a:"planned";:28:"planned":1150:1504:2:5:"You also probably know the past"::"tense of many irregular verbs that are"::"exactly the same in the participle form:"410:1:1822414:"pay";:14:"paid";:28:"paid":1150(516:"bring"I'm sure you already know how to"::"write the past tense of a regular verb.":7:5:"Here's a little review:"310:1:1822314:"work";:14:"worked";:28:"worked":1150316:"hurry";:14:"hurried";:28:"hurried":1150(418:"plan";:14 It isn't"::"very hard to do. Let me tell you why:"2z14:"1. The participle form of all regular verbs is the same as the past tense."218:"2. The participles of many irregular verbs are also the same as the past!":150q3:2:5:"INT D$;"CLOSE"NF$: RETURN)1I:K1IG1Q$(K):PA$(K):PV$(K):K\1D$;"CLOSE"NF$:1p::EX1:2:5:"If you want to learn how to use"::"the present perfect, you need to learn"::"some past participles first."82u9:1:"Don't worry, ";SF$;".0N QC10SM8ė:10:3:"You're doing fine, "SF$::3:"Would you like to stop now?":825:YN3175,3020{0b QCQNī30200g 1950:PC10015500k 1900:1970:PC%10015500l YN3179,15500D$"OPEN"NF$",S6"0D$"READ"NF$0 INPUT I1 PR6`/ 1985:MF0ĺ(7):19:1:958:6:"Please type only ONE word.":CV1:T$(X);:150:3040l/ NTNT1/ W$A$(QC)(A$(QC)"gotten"W$"got")İ500:1775:3145/D 1600:1775:NTMNİ150:12:1:958:CV1:1:868:T$(X);:30400I 150::EF1ıj *** BEGIN SENTENCES TO FILL-IN THE RIGHT PARTICIPLE ***k. Q0:QC0:QN16:MN2:WC27:EF0:TW0:ME5. QCQC1:QN(QC). NT0. W$Q$(Q):A$(QC)PA$(Q):V$PV$(Q):100. CV(37):CH(36):II(A$(QC))2:II9II9/ 19:1:958:CV1:CH1:323:36:" ":2544"- CX415531- ECX:1750L- E2NF$"REG.VERBS.1"i-( E2NF$"IRREG.VERBS.1"-2 E3NF$"IRREG.VERBS.2"-< ::5:"Wait a moment, ";SF$;".":8:"It takes a few seconds to get":11:"the exercise from the diskette.":5000>. 11507, 23:1:"Choose a number and press "w, 16368,0:23:36:W$:16368,0:CX(W$):CX17CX1451553, CXCX48:CX1CX4ĺ(7)(7);:2542, 23:36:CX:16368,0:23:37:G$:16368,0:(G$)8ĺ(8)" ":2542- (G$)13CX(G$):ise B: Participles that are different from the past tense."+ 13:"(easy verbs)":1150:14:3:"3. Exercise C: Participles that are different from the past tense. (harder verbs)":1150, 18:3:"4. Go to the Main Menu":.":13:"Would you like to read the"::"introduction and see some examples?":825:YN16000* ::2:"Which exercise would you like to do?"D+ 5:3:"1. Exercise A: Participles that are the same as the past tense form.":1150:9:3:"2. Exerc C": ))Q0)::M$(1)"Grammar Mastery II -- Series B":M$(2)"Past Participles":M$(3)"Exercises A, B, & C":S$"*":7000:150::10:11:"One moment, please.":1800:150_*::6:"Hello, ";SF$;". Today we are"::"going to study participles";:28:"blown":1150::"know";:14:"knew";:28:"known":1150712:"draw";:14:"drew";:28:"drawn":1150::"fly";:14:"flew";:28:"flown":1150716:"throw";:14:"threw";:1150:28:UL$:C0:A$"thrown":II7:P$""821:958:16:28:36:1823:W$A$İ150:6115F81825:C3Ģ16:28:" ":150:6100a816:28:868:A$:1508:2:"2. Participles that are like the past, but end with ";:"EN"85:1:182299:"break";:14:"broke";:28:"broken":1150::"wake";:14:"t taken any tests since"::4:"she graduated from college.":1150H17:7:"(The last time she took a test"::8:"was when she was in college.)":150H2300IXM$(4)"By Laura E. Savely":M$(6)"American Language Academy":M$(7)"Copyright 1987":M$(off the computer."z1,0d" "stop" "Have you ever held a baby bird in your hand?" "held" "hold" "Bob is very lucky. He has won the New York state lottery twice!" "won" "win" "Mark and Brenda have taught their baby to swim by himself." "taught" "teach" "They ha16 "He has told me his name several times, but I always forget it." "told" "tell" "Our football team is doing terribly. They've lost every game this year." "lost" "lose" "She is so crazy, I have stopped trying to understand her!" "stoppe(M$(2))2):M$(2);6?\11:(19(M$(3))2):M$(3);h?]12:(19(M$(3))2):YY1(M$(3)):"-";:YY?^1:18:M$(4):1:M$(5):1:M$(6):1:M$(7):?@E1A$"2":2570?AE2A$"3":2570@BE3ė:10:10:"One moment please...":D$"RUN FOR,S6":25005>L1825:C3Ģ18:28:" ":150:6215\>Q1825:18:28:868:A$:150:2500>XM$(4)"By Laura E. Savely":M$(6)"American Language Academy":M$(7)"Copyright 1987":M$(5)"and Sheldon Wise">Y:>Z5:(19(M$(1))2):M$(1);?[9:(19ɺ"done":1150f==12:"run";:14:"ran";:28:"run":1150::"come";:14:"came";:28:"come":1150=B16:"wear";:14:"wore";:28:"worn":1150::"tear";:14:"tore";:1150:28:UL$:A$"torn":II5:P$"":C0>G21:958:18:28:36:1823:W$A$İ150C07<$21:958:19:28:36:1823:W$A$İ150:6195e<)1825:C3Ģ19:28:" ":150:6180<.19:28:868:A$:150<3:2:5:"4. Here are some exceptions ...":4:1:1822=88:"go";:14:"went";:28:"gone":1150::"do";:14:"did";:28:1150::"write";:14:"wrote";:28:"written":1150;13:"take";:14:"took";:28:"taken":1150::"bite";:14:"bit";:28:"bitten":1150<17:"ride";:14:"rode";:28:"ridden":1150::"hide";:14:"hid";:28:UL$:1150:A$"hidden":II7:P$"":958:19:28:36:1823:W$A$İ150:6155V:1825:C3Ģ19:28:" ":150:6140q:19:28:868:A$:150: :2:"3. Participles with a different vowel sound that end with ";:"EN":5:1:18226;9:"drive";:14:"drove";:28:"driven":woke";:28:"woken":1150~913:"freeze";:14:"froze";:28:"frozen":1150::"speak";:14:"spoke";:28:"spoken":1150917:"choose";:14:"chose";:28:"chosen":1150::"steal";:14:"stole";:28:UL$:1150:A$"stolen":II7:P$"":C0):21:5)"and Sheldon Wise"IY:?IZ5:(19(M$(1))2):M$(1);_I[9:(19(M$(2))2):M$(2);I\11:(19(M$(3))2):M$(3);I]12:(19(M$(3))2):YY1(M$(3)):"-";:YYI^1:18:M$(4):1:M$(5):1:M$(6):1:M$(7):150::M$(4):1:M$(5):1:M$(6):1:M$(7):150:x8|8gFaG"" `C!0 x00 $&D"D" @D ~cA1 3 s`pF1 | x|GA`0\ca1g9<pN,./012345678DEFG @"""|a?p ?06):1:M$(7):150:8:M$(4):1:M$(5):1:M$(6):1:M$(7):150:. Savely":M$(6)"American Language Academy":M$(7)"Copyright 1987":M$(5)"and Sheldon Wise"eBY:BZ5:(19(M$(1))2):M$(1);B[9:(19(M$(2))2):M$(2);B\11:(19(M$(3))2):M$(3);B]12:(19(M$(3))2):YY1(M$(3)):"-";:YY/C^1:14):1:M$(5):1:M$(6):1:M$(7):150:@8l<||xyAO;|xqBG\ D f`1 3 s0F1~` 0Lc`0@00 `088bAb >G1 f`00@CC`G`GcA1 3 C`00F1 " a F`0aa#fC  CA1 3 c`0F1  p @`0@*"2DdB2x"$F *p10 d@0DDx`CaC""F1 $@00 $$ " "$0bcLaLqyLcLA1F`0 @` cA1 3 s`0F1  0 @`0@*|"D""Dxp# D*Fy Fa8DBB "F0 @00 ddd'd'`|<@@`x`|c?xCgpyG;|0b0L FaA1 3 s`0 F1  0 ^`0@*D""D""D"$D*||ap`DDB B >G0 `00@#%e#bc#bc`kx8l\~X9>l@p8GC k FA1 3 c`00F1  1 C`0x"AB" CA1 3 c`0F1  `1 A`0es." "swum" "swim" "I need a haircut. My hair has grown four inches since my last haircut!" "grown" "grow" "Charlie has always slept late. He has never woken up before 9:00." "woken" "wake" "Anne likes to dress very simply. She has neve=?@begun" "begin" "I know a lot of people who have never ridden on a subway." "ridden" "ride" "Oh no! I can't find my wallet. I think someone has stolen it." "stolen" "steal" "Mark is an excellent swimmer. He has swum in several rac16 "Many people have never flown in a small private airplane." "flown" "fly" "The children will be home from school soon. The bell has already rung." "rung" "ring" "I have just begun to read the book that I have to finish by tomorrow!" ". and Mrs. Shaw have known about their son's drug problem for months." "known" "know" poken to his parents about the problems he's having." "spoken" "speak" "Carol likes to jog, but she hasn't ever run more than three miles." "run" "run" "Susie has taken hundreds of nice pictures with her new camera." "taken" "take" "Mr famous singer who has sung in operas all over the world." "sung" "sing" "We need to buy some new dishes. We've broken several of the old ones." "broken" "break" "Let's turn off the T.V. I've already seen this movie twice!" "seen" "see" "Paul has sking all day, but they haven't gotten tired yet." "gotten" "get" "Ted knows how to drive a car, but he has never driven a truck." "driven" "drive" "Oh no! I have forgotten the keys to my apartment." "forgotten" "forget" "Pavarotti is a9;<ve gone to three or four parties this week. Now I'm tired!" "gone" "go" "Sharon went out an hour ago and she hasn't come back yet." "come" "come" "Many Americans have never drunk coconut milk." "drunk" "drink" "They have been wor16 "I'm really hungry. I haven't eaten anything all day." "eaten" "eat" "Mary has already done the dishes, but let's help her dry them." "done" "do" "Jack is very generous. He has always given a lot of money to the poor." "given" "give" "I har worn elegant clothes." "worn" "wear" "Mary has chosen the dress that she will wear to the Christmas party." "chosen" "choose" "Since Johnny started kindergarten, he has drawn some nice pictures." "drawn" "draw" "Donna is a great ice skater now, but she has fallen down many times." "fallen" "fall" "Politicians get very tired after they have shaken hundreds of hands." "shaken" "shake" "Have you written any letters this week?" "written" "write" "We can go ice skating as soon as th fA1 3 s`00F1  0 LA`0"B `OGgsmsmcsy<^=<py@&D@!00 Ap pCaLaLAa0L  @ c`0`<|`<G@00 `0 xp~0 xc8ave" "Margaret loves to catch butterflies. She has caught dozens of them." "caught" "catch" ind" "Karen has to go home because she hasn't fed the dog yet." "fed" "feed" "You must be tired. You've carried those suitcases all over the airport." "carried" "carry" "Mr. Clark's secretary is here, but he has left for the day." "left" "le" "Mike has thought about his girlfriend every day since she moved away." "thought" "think" "The Hartmans have spent over $5,000 to fix up the old house they bought." "spent" "spend" "Have you ever found any money on the street?" "found" "fve built many new houses in this neighborhood since I was born." "built" "build" "She has washed her hair, but she hasn't dried it yet." "dried" "dry" "My aunt loves to sew. She has made clothes for everyone in the family." "made" "make%BCe lake has frozen completely." "frozen" "freeze" "Anita can't stop biting her nails. She has bitten her nails for years." "bitten" "bite" $$ # #$` >ժժՂЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊB*ՊժժժժՠժՊժժժժժժժժՊ(16384):16368,0:KP160KP32180/ @ 22:1:958 22:5:"Type for YES or for NO";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384) KP78KP110KP89KP121200 WC1((KP78)(KP110))  M0:CH(36):M$"":W$"": (1004)İ3000: NAME IS STORED IN 27448 - 27468. 1004 IS EITHER 0 OR 1 DEPENDING ON WHETHER OR NOT THERE IS A NAME IN MEMORY SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N)): 600 ZZ1Z:: 23:1:958) 24:16:"SPACE BAR";:16368,0:KP30:(16384)128Ă:16368,0:75= IZZ30:16368,0:130 KD$"BLOAD TITLE.PAGE.B,A$4000,S6":5000:16297,0:16302,0:16300,0:16304,0 P16368,0:ZZ130:(16384)128Ă:16368,0:125 RZZ30:16368,0:130 }ZZ13000::16301,0:180LNOPQRSTUV&:27468::C$(34):D$(4):T$(25):FX%((768)96):(1004)140x >16368,0:ZZ130:(16384)128Ă:16368,0:65 ?ZZ30:16368,0:130 A(1004)170,140 FD$;"BLOAD LOGO,A$2000,S6":16297,0:16300,0:16302,0:16304,0$ H16368,0:ZZ1? *** 'STARTUP' FOR DISK 1 OF 'GRAMMAR MASTERY--SERIES B' *** WRITTEN AND PROGRAMMED BY DAVID H. WYATT; MODIFIED BY NANCY POST*** COPYRIGHT 1987 BY AMERICAN LANGUAGE ACADEMY: VERSION 7.9( *** ALL RIGHTS STRICTLY RESERVED2:B <)(95):2000_ 23:1:958:23:8:"Please type your answer":11:"and press ";: (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):20 (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):22 ZZ1(W$):(W$,ZZ,2)" "W$(W$,ZZ)(W$,(W$)1ZZ):ZZZZ1= Grammar Mastery II--Series B: Disk 6, Ex. D: "FOR" 27468:SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N))::FX%((768)96)B6%(20,30,1),M$(10),Q$(25),A$(25),PA$(25),T$(25),EX$(2),N(25):D$(4):C$(34):EX$"FOR & SINCE"(27)(17) UL$(95ԪժժժժժՊժժժՀЪժժՊժժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊЪժժժՊժժԪժժժժՊ33?ժժժժժՊժՊժժѪժժՊ?#3HJ ժժժՀЪժժժՊժժЪՂЪժժժժժժՊ#??3 * input-getting routine *P MM1:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,M):260 16368,0:M$:N(M$):N8(N8N13)(N13N45)(N46N49)(N50N65)(N90N97)270 N20ġ:2000 "N8(36)CH270 ,N8ĺM$;:" ";:M$;:MM2:M0W$(W$,M):2606N8W$"":2604@N13(W$)0270@JN13ıZTW$W$M$:MII1ĺM$;c^260h21:4:"If you make a mistake, press <-":4:"to erase and type it again.": print instructions at bottom of screen & gosub 400 for input3r19:4:"DoKXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmop+C2ė:3010 J779,64:783,32:MADDR778809:VLUE:MADDR,VLUE: 169,64,133,61,169,32,133,63,160,0,132,60,132,62,177,60,145,62,200,208,249,230,61,230,63,165,63,41,31,208,239,96778:p::10:16:"Goodbye!":u15:7:"Please turn LP)Fv ((W$,1))46((W$,1))91W$(W$,LN1)(((W$,1))32)N : N115:27448N,0::I1(SF$):N((SF$,I,1)):27448I,N:I :8:NS13230  8:(40(15(SF$)))2:"I'll call you ";C$;SF$;C$:10:11:"Is this all right?":200:W004)1LN10Ė3:"No more than ten letters, please"`N 16:1:959:170::(1004)3040,3070X L((W$,1)):L96W$(L32)(W$,((W$)1))b LP2LN:LT((W$,LP))g LPLN3200l LT45LT46LT91W$(W$,LP1)(((W$,LP,1))32)(W$,LNe? (5 letters) -----":VT13:360F 3120:SF$(2)W$& SF$SF$(1)" and "SF$(2):3210: * concatenate 2 names into one0 LN(W$):LN2Ė6:"Please type more than one letter.":3150: ((1004)2LN6)((1004)1LN11)31605D (1 the first student."::"What's your first name? (5 letters) -----":VT13:II5:360 3120:SF$(1)W$::6:"Hello, ";SF$(1);"!"::"That's an interesting name!"2 :6:"Now I want to meet the second student."::"What's your first nam:1004,1:6:"Hi, there!"::"What's your first name? -----":VT13:II11:360| 3120:SF$W$ :8:"Aha! So you are the famous ";SF$;"!":10:"That's an interesting name!":170:3210e :1004,2:6:"OK, let's start withple are going to use":8:"this disk -- 1 or 2?":VT13:II1:360 W$"1"W$"2"ė:9:(7);"How many students are working here?"::"Please type the number -- 1 or 2.":170:3000 NS(W$):NS23070: * ns=number of students working today *k ed ";:SO$(FX%);:"."e11:"Would you like to turn them ";:SO$(FX%);:"?":200:WC1FX%FX%|768,7620FX%:: NS0:::"-----------------------------":"Hello! It's nice to see you.":"-----------------------------"B 6:"How many peoG16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP32KP160930h34,23::D$"RUN STARTUP,S6"SO$(0)"ON":SO$(1)"OFF": offer chance to change sound status; line 115 pops to here if ctrl-t is typed:8:"On this disk, the sounds are turn6000#*(4)"RUN PARTICIPLE,S6":4(4);"RUN FOR,S6"R>(4);"RUN PROG,S6"jH(4);"RUN PERF,S6"R(4);"RUN NEG,S6"::8:"Take this disk out of the disk drive,"11:5:"insert the new disk,"14:10:"and press the ."68,0:KP(16384):KP49KP48MX670AN1MX:KP48NNMXHN`CXKP48:CXNL800rCX5Ĺ900,CX(769)6ĺD$"BLOAD G,A768,S6"2000SF$""Ĺ1004,0:130 :10:12:"One moment, please.":34,23:CX810,820,830,840,850,900,e negative present perfect"nlT$(6)"Try another Grammar Mastery II disk":T$(7)"Stop for today":T$(8)"E"::T$::15:"Main Menu":15:"---- ----"::MXNL2:N1MX:N;". ";T$(N)::N:24:15:"Your choice?";'16368,0:16384,128:163n't forget to press ";:"";:VT:6:250:hXT$"GRAMMAR MASTERY II -- Series B: DISK 6":NL5x](27)(17)bT$(1)"Past participles (3 lessons)":T$(2)"For & since":T$(3)"The present perfect continuous":T$(4)"The present perfect":T$(5)"Th ZZ:! WZ$"":I1(W$)H N((W$,I,1)):N97N39N3234S NN32o "WZ$WZ$(N)::W$WZ$: $CV(37):M0:CH(36):M$"":W$"" &18 (MM1:CV1:CHM:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,M):40 *16368,0:M$:N(M$):N127NN1(E,0,0)PC:?PC(TP100TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1QB6%(E,0,0)PCPC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%PC%1:lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:WC27:TW0{QQ1:Q24ı}B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)0QCQC1QCQNı1)0ı)B6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:lM130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:B6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780B6%(E,N,0)2RPRP1B6%(E,N,1)0TQTQ1NTQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%22:1:958:22:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:19:1:958iCV1:CH1:868:A$(FO)" "P$:NT1ıB6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2:B6%(E,Q,0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFSMSM1NT1ıTWTW1:B6%(E,Q,e right choice.":YE6:"I'm sorry, but you didn't":6:"choose the right answer.":F6:"No, you chose the wrong answer.":G3:"That's not correct, ";SF$;".":H6:"That's not the correct word.":I7:"That isn't the right word.":\hP11:-G,o,o,d,b,y,e,!,!P.15:7:"Please turn off the computer.":1,0@19:1:958:1000:1725:19:(17(1))1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609A1640C8:"Sorry, but that wasn't":11:"the right answer.":D4:"No, that wasn't th:M3::33,34:32,6:200:33,40:32,0:@CX1565,1565,1580|:10:3:"Just a minute, ";SF$;"...":34,12:CX11570D$"RUN STARTUP,S6""D$"RUN PROG,S6",:P115:G19:A$:T30P11:10:T:A$:10:T:" ":A(16336)::10:P1:A$;:P16,(37)3:7,6:768!::160:10:5:"Please make a note that you have":5:"worked with: ":1995::5:M$(0):150:)::M$(0)"What do you want to do now?":M$(1)"Do the next exercise":M$(2)"Go to the Main Menu":M$(3)"Stop for today"020(1):7,20:768)FX%1ıVZZ16:YY(16336)(16336)(16336)YY(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336):ZZ:~FX%ı6,100(37)3:7,10:7686,(100)100:7,4:768:958:22:9:"Type YES (Y) or NO (N)";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553:KP78KP89KP110KP121825;YN1((KP78)(KP110)):FX%ı6,11020(1):7,20:7686,8020(1):7,20:7686,15's right, ";SF$;".":C 1:"That's the right word, ";SF$;".":p 4:"You answered that one perfectly!": 14:"Good answer!": 6:"That's the right choice.":4:"You got it right, ";SF$;"!":11:"That's it, ";SF$;".":m922:1958:21:14:"Your choice?";:CH(36):CV(37){616368,0:16384,128:KP(16384)128:16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553;KP49KP48M310@CXKP48:900:1700:NT1ī57519:1:958:(17(1))521,522,523,524,525,526,527 8:"That :((40(EX$))2):EX$:L1EX$(1)""162N ((40(EX$(0)))2):EX$(0)T 17:1:958:(7):17:3:"I think you made a typing mistake.":7:"Go ahead and try it again.":150: 8:M$(0)::N1M 3:N;". ";M$(N): 0,21:1:B40 F(36)CH42N HM$;:868:(95)" "P$;:MM2:M0W$(W$,M):40f LM0W$(W$,M):40t NW$"":40 24:1:958:24:15:"SPACE BAR"; 16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553 KP160KP32150 .28 ,N17N145ġ:15534 -M1(N13N32)42} .N8(N8N13)(N13N39)(N39N65)(N90N97)(N122N128)42 2N870 4N1360 6W$W$M$:MII1ĺM$(95)" "P$; 840 <20:(W$)042 >28:CV1:CH(W$)1:868:" "P$: B6%(E,Q,0)01915;B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)01915K3035:1915:160:VT86(PC100):VT:12:"FINAL SCORE: "PC"%"PC100ĢVT6:4:"C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S!"::9:"You did a great job!":150:934,12:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"Wonderful! You only missed one!":"Let's try it again."TW2ĺ"You only had trouble with two":"questions. I think you'll get":"them right if you try them again."TW3ĺ"You did pretty well, but I'm sure":"you can get 100% if you try":"the ha?(13:958:10:19:"since":9:26:"---":11:19:"-----"_(13:4:"FOR";:25:"SINCE"(15:"two years";:25:"1981":1150::"5 minutes";:25:"10:00":1150::"several days";:25:"yesterday":1150:150( 20:958:35,11:') 2:5:"As yoC$;"2 years";C$;" is a "::5:"period of time."I'8:26:"FOR":150e'13:958:8:26:"for"'14:5:"In the second example, we use"::5:C$"since";C$;" because ";C$;"1981";C$;" is when"::5:"I started living here."(10:19:"SINCE":150is moment.":150W&:2:5:"Let's look at the first two "::11:"examples again."&8:"Jim has worked in Boston for 2 years.":1150:10:"I have lived here since 1981.":11502'14:5:"In the first example, we use"::5:C$;"for";C$;" because ";%9:958:10:1:"-------------------------------------":"Paul studied music from 1975 to 1981.":"-------------------------------------"&15:5:"We don't use the present perfect"::5:"in this case because he isn't"::5:"studying music at th9:958:10:1:"-------------------------------------":3:"She lived in New York for 3 years.":"-------------------------------------"%15:7:"This means that she doesn't"::5:"live in New York now, but she"::5:"lived there in the past.":150----------"y#f15:8:"This means that I started"::6:"living here in 1981 and I'm"::6:"still living here.":150#p:2:5:"We don't use the present perfect"::"when we want to say that something"::"started in the past and stopped later."$z---------""R15:7:"This means that Jim started"::5:"working in Boston 2 years ago"::5:"and he's still there now.":150 #\9:958:10:1:"-------------------------------------":5:"I have lived here since 1981.":"---------------------------:!>2:5:"We use the present perfect when"::"we want to say that something happened"::"in the past and it's still true now." "H10:"-------------------------------------":"Jim has worked in Boston for 2 years.":"----------------------------RN>"F 16368,0:23:36:W$:16368,0:CX(W$):CX17CX1451553o CXCX48:CX1CX4ĺ(7)(7);:2026 23:36:CX:16368,0:23:37:G$:16368,0:(G$)8ĺ(8)" ":2026 (G$)13CX(G$):23:36:" ":2028 CX2100,2100,2350,1553!48:5:"1. No, I haven't.":1150:11:5:"2. Yes, I have,":11:"but I need some review.":115015:5:"3. Yes, I have. I'm ready":11:"for the exercise now.":1150:19:5:"4. Go to the Main Menu":1150 23:1:"Choose a number and press for help)":22:1:958:22:9:M$(1)16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553KP27KP155āN120:22:17:" ";:17UL$P$:M0:36.JM$;:868:(95)P$;:MM2SL(W$,1)"'"M0W$(W$,M):40mNM0W$(W$,M1):4024:1:958:24:16:"SPACE BAR";16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553KP160KP32150':(:II(B$):40* 8MII1ĺM$(95)P$:402 :40F <20:(W$)042g >28:P$""ĢCV:CHM:868: @CV:CHM:868:P$: FM2(W$,1)"'"ĢVT:HT1:868:" "UL$P$:II(A$):36 GM1M0:CHHT1:CV:CH:" ":40H(36)HT2ĢVT:HT1:" ":N(M$):N127NN1281 ,N17N145ġ:1553I -M1(N13N32)42 .N8(N8N13)(N13N27)(N27N32)(N32N39)(N39N65)(N90N97)(N122N128)42 0N27HF1: 2N870 4N1360 6W$W$M$:M1W$"'"ĖHT1:M$(95)P$:M0W$):? WZ$" - m="M; N((W$,I,1)):N97N39N3232F NN32b WZ$WZ$(N)::W$WZ$: $CVVT:CHHT1:M$"":W$"":M0 &18:EXĢ21:10:"(Press for help.)" (MM1:CV:CHM:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,M):40 *16368,0:M$ease type your answer":13:"and press ";:c (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):20 (W$)1((W$,1)" "(W$,1)".")W$(W$,(W$)1):22 ZZ1(W$):(W$,ZZ,2)" "W$(W$,ZZ)(W$,(W$)1ZZ):ZZZZ1 ZZ: WZ$"":I1(qstuvwxyz{|}~*CTLY RESERVEDQ 27468:SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N))::FX%((768)96) B6%(8,30,1),M$(10),T$(12),Q$(25),EX$(2),N(25):D$(4):C$(34):EX$"THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS" (27)(17) UL$(95)(95):20005 23:1:958:23:10:"PlP *** UNIT 6, EX E OF GRAMMAR MASTERY II--SERIES B *** CATALOG TITLE"PROG"s *** WRITTEN BY SHELDON WISE *** PROGRAMMED BY LAURA E. SAVELY; MODIFIED BY NANCY POST, 8/87  *** COPYRIGHT 1987 BY American Language Academy -- ALL RIGHTS STRIUL$" about 65 years.":FO1:P$"about 65 years.":VT12:HT9:9T$(1)"Jeff has been trying to save money":T$(2)UL$" he started working.":P$"he started working.":VT12:HT1:=:T$(1)"That poor old man has been waiting":T$(2)"at the bus stop "UL$orrect, ";SF$;".":>D3:"That's much better, ";SF$;".":kE1:"You're really learning, ";SF$;".":F8:"You just need practice.":G5:"That's the way to learn.":*922:1:958:22:9:"Type YES (Y) or NO (N)";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553Q:KP78KP89KP110KP121825o;YN1((KP78)(KP110)):zFX%ı6,11020(1):7,20:7686,8020(1):7,20:7686,15020(1):7,20:768FX%1ıZZ16:YY(16336)(d":"one more time."::"Would you like to try them again?"b"34,22:33,40:32,0::825:::"MF0:N1(W$):(W$,N,1)" "MFMF1":"M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercise E":"Q0:E5:EX1:1750:FL0H#::M$(1)"Grammar Mastery II -- Series B"::"you're having trouble with.":"Would you like to try it again?"!TW2ĺ"This time you missed 2 questions.":"Would you like to try them again?"="TW2ĺ"This exercise is hard, isn't it?":"I think you'll do better if":"you try the ones you misse2,3:9 PC%100ĺ"You're getting to be an expert!": PC%PCĺ"This time you answered "PC%"%":"of the questions correctly,":"but your official score is "PC"%.":1960 PC%100ıD!34,8:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"There is only one question that"did pretty well, but I'm sure":"you can get 100% if you try":"the hard ones again."TW3ĺ"You had a hard time with some":"of those questions. Let's try":"the ones you missed again."34,16:33,40:32,0::150::: :160:34,8:33,37:3:9:"You did a great job!":150:34,12:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"Wonderful! You only missed one!":"Let's try it again."TW2ĺ"You only had trouble with two":"questions. I think you'll get":"them right if you try them again."WTW3ĺ"You {QQ1:Q17ı9}B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)0QCQC1FQCQNı]B6%(E,Q,0)01915B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)019153035:1915:160:VT86(PC100):VT:12:"FINAL SCORE: "PC"%"%PC100ĢVT6:4:"C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S!":0)2RPRP1(B6%(E,N,1)0TQTQ1/NTTQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%(E,0,0)PC:PC(TP100TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1B6%(E,0,0)PCPC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%PC%1:lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:WC27:TW0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFSMSM1&2NT1ıNTWTW1:B6%(E,Q,1)0ıoB6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:M130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:B6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780B6%(E,N,ong with that answer.":PY21:11:"Please try again.":h21:1:958:22:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:22:1:958iVT:HT1:" "A$P$:NT1ıB6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2: B6%(E,Q,0sorry, but your answer":10:"isn't exactly correct.":bF5:"That's not the right answer.":G3:"There's a mistake in your answer.":H2:"That's not the correct form of the present perfect continuous.":-I4:"There is something wruter.":1,0e@18:1:958:1000:1725:(17(1))1603,1604,1605,1606,1607,1608,1609:NTMN1625oA1640C10:"I know what you mean,":9:"but you made a mistake.":D3:"I'm sorry, but there's a mistake":12:"in your answer.":9E6:"I'm :10:3:"Just a minute, ";SF$;"...":34,12:CX11570QD$"RUN STARTUP,S6"f"D$"RUN PERF,S6",:P115:G19:A$:T30P11:10:T:A$:10:T:" ":A(16336)::10:P1:A$;:P1P11:-G,o,o,d,b,y,e,!,! .15:7:"Please turn off the comp note that you have":5:"worked with: ":1995::5:M$(0):150:::M$(0)"What do you want to do now?":M$(1)"Do the next exercise":M$(2)"Go to the Main Menu":M$(3)"Stop for today":M3::33,34:32,6:200:33,40:32,0:CX1565,1565,1580916336)(16336)zYY(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336):ZZ:~FX%ı6,100(37)3:7,10:7686,(100)100:7,4:7686,(37)3:7,6:768C::160:10:5:"Please make aM$(2)"The Present Perfect Continuous":M$(3)"Exercise E":S$"*":7000#::33,36:32,4::3:"How much do you know about"::"the present perfect continuous?"T$9:"1. Not much. I need to read the introduction.":1150:12:"2. Pretty much. I want to start the exercise.":15:"3. Go to the Main Menu":1150$32,0:33,40:23:1:"Choose a number and press "$16368,0:23:36:W$:16368,0:CX(W$):CX17CX1451553$CXCX48$CX1CX3ĺ(7);:2024A%224:2T$(1)"The baby is crying. He started about":T$(2)"thirty minutes ago. He "UL$:T$(3)"for half an hour.":A$"has been crying":B$"'s been crying":PP$"cried":P$"":HT24:3T$(1)"Bill learned to drive when he was":T$(2)"16 years old. He's 2$"'s been snowing":PP$"snowed":P$" since 6:00 a.m.":VT8:HT4:2T$(1)"Anita lives in Washington. She moved":T$(2)"there last August. She "UL$:T$(3)"in Washington for several months.":A$"has been living":B$"'s been living":PP$"lived":P$"":HTUL$" since October.":A$"has been looking":B$"'s been looking":PP$"looked":P$" since October.":VT8:HT4:D1T$(1)"It started snowing at 6:00 this":T$(2)"morning and it hasn't stopped yet.":T$(3)"It "UL$" since 6:00 a.m.":A$"has been snowing":Beping. She went to bed":T$(2)"two hours ago. She "UL$:T$(3)"since 9:30.":A$"has been sleeping":B$"'s been sleeping":PP$"slept":P$"":HT20:p0T$(1)"Alex started looking for an apartment":T$(2)"last fall and he hasn't found one yet.":T$(3)"He " YN3160,1550.T$(1)"Margaret started working for us in":T$(2)"1977 and she's still working here.":T$(3)"She "UL$" here since 1977.":A$"has been working":B$"'s been working":PP$"worked":P$" here since 1977.":VT8:HT5:/T$(1)"Jenny is sle3150,3020-7 QC8ė:4:"You have answered ";PC;"% of the":7:"questions correctly so far.":10:"There are only 5 more to do, ";SF$;".":13:"I hope you get them all right!":150-: QCQNī3020-N 1950:PC1001550-X 1900:1970:PC%1001550.bse type THREE words":190:3060-, NTNT1O, W$A$W$B$İ500:1775:3100, 1600:1775:NTMNĢVT:HT1:868:" "UL$" "P$" ":150:3060, 150:EF1ı -5 QC8SM6ė:10:3:"You're doing fine, "SF$::3:"Would you like to stop now?":825:YN:(W$,(PP$))PP$3065+ (7);:2:"That's the correct past participle,"::2:"but please use the "C$"-ing"C$" form"::2:"for the present perfect continuous.":170:6000:150:3050+ QC = QC + 1:VT = 6: GOTO 3038!, 1985:MF2ĺ(7):9:"Plea011,4012,4013,4014,4015,4016,4017* :2:"***************** "QC" *****************":10:"**************************************"* 4:T$(1):6:T$(2):8:T$(3)* 11:1:958:HF0:II(A$):VT:HT:36:21:1:958:HFİ6000:HF0:150:3050+ 15ONTINUOUS ***U) GOSUB 1810: GOSUB 1800: REM READ FILE AND CHOOSE RANDOM NUMBERS) Q0:QC0:QN13:MN2:WC27:EF0:TW0:ME5:EX0) QCQC1) Q(1(1)17):B6%(E,Q,1)03030) NT0:VT6#* Q4001,4002,4003,4004,4005,4006,4007,4008,4009,4010,4ain.":190:2130R(zC2Ģ20:6:"I'll show you the answer.":VT:HT:A$P$:150(:8:"We'll start Exercise E in a moment."::"Please read the paragraphs carefully"::"before you type your answers.":150) *** BEGIN EXERCISE ON PRESENT PERFECT C1):14:T$(2):16:T$(3):II17='RVT:HT:36:23:1:958'\W$A$W$B$İ900:19:958:20:8:"That's exactly right!":150:2180'f1985:MF2ĺ(7):20:5:"Please type 3 words.":190:2130(p1000:CC1:C3Ģ20:3:"No, that's not it. Try agsentence."&>Q0:C0:9:" *** Please try this example ***":T$(1)"The children went outside to play":T$(2)"at 2:00. They "UL$" games":T$(3)"for the last two hours.":A$"have been playing":B$"'ve been playing":P$" games":VT14:HT15 'H12:T$(3:36:CX:16368,0:23:37:G$:16368,0:G$(8)ĺG$" ":2024l%G$(13)CX(G$):23:36:" ":2026%CX6000,2100,1565 &4:2:4:"In this exercise, you will type the"::"present perfect continuous form of a"::"verb that makes sense in the 1 years old now.":T$(3)"He "UL$" for 5 years.":A$"has been driving":B$"'s been driving":PP$"drove":P$" for 5 years.":VT8:HT4:J4T$(1)"It rains a lot at this time of year.":T$(2)"It "UL$" every day for":T$(3)"the last few weeks.":A$"has been raining":B$"'s been raining":PP$"rained":P$" every day for":HT4:!5T$(1)"Jack started working for an oil":T$(2)"company in Texas a few years ago.":T$(3)"He "UL$" there since 1984.":A$"has been working":B$"'s been working":PP$"worked":P$"M):401 *16368,0:M$:N(M$):N127NN128I ,N17N145ġ:1553a -M1(N13N32)42 .N8(N8N13)(N13N32)(N32N39)(N39N65)(N90N97)(N122N128)42 2N870: BACKSAPCE 4N1360: RETURN" 6W$W$M$:M1W$"'"ĖHTW$,ZZ,2)" "W$(W$,ZZ)(W$,(W$)1ZZ):ZZZZ1> ZZ:T WZ$"":I1(W$){ N((W$,I,1)):N97N39N3234 NN32 "WZ$WZ$(N)::W$WZ$: $CVVT:CHHT1:M$"":W$"":M0 &18 (MM1:CV:CHM:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,ERFECT" (27)(17)3 UL$(95)(95):2000 23:1:958:23:10:"Please type your answer":13:"and press ";: (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):20 (W$)1((W$,1)" "(W$,1)".")W$(W$,(W$)1):224 ZZ1(W$):()CTLY RESERVEDQ 27468:SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N))::FX%((768)96)l U1:U(1)0U(1)U:14 N19:U(N)U15 N:N29:U(N)0U(N)U:14 N B6%(20,30,1),M$(10),T$(25),Q$(25),EX$(2),N(25):D$(4):C$(34):EX$"THE PRESENT PP *** UNIT 6, EX F OF GRAMMAR MASTERY II--SERIES B *** CATALOG TITLE"PERF"s *** WRITTEN BY SHELDON WISE *** PROGRAMMED BY LAURA E. SAVELY; MODIFIED BY NANCY POST, 8/87  *** COPYRIGHT 1987 BY American Language Academy -- ALL RIGHTS STRIny clothes, so":T$(2)"he often wears the same thing.":T$(3)"He "UL$" that shirt all week.":A$"has been wearing":B$"'s been wearing":PP$"worn":P$" that shirt all week.":VT8:HT4:;PN8M0W$(W$,M1):40&28:CV:CHM:868:P$" ":: PRINT CHR$ (8)" " CHR$ (8)P$" ": RETURN @40 FM1M0:CHHT1:CV:CH:" ":40G(36)HT2ĢVT:HT1:" "UL$P$:M0:36>HM$;:868:(95)P$;:MM2cJ(W$,1)"'"M0W$(W$,M):40}LM0W$(W$,M1):40NW$"":4024:1:958:24:14:"SPACE BAR";16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553KPE,N,1)0TQTQ1N>TQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%(E,0,0)PC:oPC(TP100TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1B6%(E,0,0)PCPC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%PC%1:lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:WC27:TW0{QQ1:Q24ı#}SMSM1NT1ı8TWTW1:B6%(E,Q,1)0ıYB6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:M130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:B6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780B6%(E,N,0)2RPRP1B6%(isn't right.":4Y21:11:"Please try again.":h21:1:958:21:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:18:1:958jVT:HT1:868:" "A$P$:NT1ıB6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2: B6%(E,Q,0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFr.":>L8:"There's a mistake in the":15:"auxiliary.":iN4:"Not quite correct, I'm afraid.":P2:"You made a mistake in the participle.":R6:"Sorry, but you didn't write the correct participle.":T5:"The participle ,4)Ĵ(13(1))1616,1618,1620:16040C1610@DNTMN1625JE1640F3:"I'm sorry, but there's a mistake":12:"in your answer.":H4:"That's not the correct form of the auxiliary.":J3:"There's a mistake in your answe:A(16336)::10:P1:A$;:P1P11:>-G,o,o,d,b,y,e,!,!o.15:7:"Please turn off the computer.":1,0@18:1:958:1000:1725:18:(W$,3)(A$,3)(W$,3)(B$,3)Ĵ(15(1))1606,1608,1610,1612,1614:1604&B(W$,6)(A$,6)(W$,4)(B$ain Menu":M$(3)"Stop for today":M3::33,34:32,6:200:33,40:32,0:`CX1565,1565,1580:10:3:"Just a minute, ";SF$;"...":34,12:CX11570D$"RUN STARTUP,S6""D$"RUN NEG,S6"',:P115:G19:A$:T30P11:10:T:A$:10:T:" "768"6,(100)100:7,4:768;6,(37)3:7,6:768A::160:10:5:"Please make a note that you have":5:"worked with: ":1995::5:M$(0):150:I::M$(0)"What do you want to do now?":M$(1)"Do the next exercise":M$(2)"Go to the M,8020(1):7,20:76866,15020(1):7,20:768<IFX%1ıvZZ16:YY(16336)(16336)(16336)YY(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336):ZZ:~FX%ı6,100(37)3:7,10: the way to learn.":922:1:958:22:9:"Type YES (Y) or NO (N)";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553:KP78KP89KP110KP121825;YN1((KP78)(KP110)):FX%ı6,11020(1):7,20:7686s correct!":2B5:"OK this time, ";SF$;".":xC1:"Now it's perfectly correct, ";SF$;".":D3:"That's much better, ";SF$;".":E1:"You're really learning, ";SF$;".":F7:"You just need practice.":G8:"That's/ 5:"You answered that one perfectly!":I 15:"Good answer.":n 9:"That's the right choice.":6:"You did well on that question.":11:"That's it, ";SF$;".":?16:958:(17(1))577,578,579,580,581,582,583A11:"Now it'(37)S616368,0:16384,128:KP(16384)128:16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553j;KP49KP48M310y@CXKP48:900:1700:NT1ī57516:958:(17(1))521,522,523,524,525,526,527 8:"That's right, ";SF$;".": 16:"Exactly!":160KP32150E:((40(EX$))2):EX$:L1EX$(1)""162e((40(EX$(0)))2):EX$(0)k150:VT:HT:868:UL$P$:23:1:958:8:M$(0)::N1M3:N;". ";M$(N):,21:1:958:21:14:"Your choice?";:CH(36):CVB6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)0QCQC10QCQNıGB6%(E,Q,0)01915kB6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)01915{3040:1915:160:VT86(PC100):VT:12:"FINAL SCORE: "PC"%"PC100ĢVT6:4:"C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S!"::9:"You did a great job!":150:i34,12:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"Wonderful! You only missed one!":"Let's try it again."TW2ĺ"You only had trouble with two":"questions. I think you'll get":"them right if you try them again."ATW3ĺ"You did pretty well, but Iearnt")30809, Q9(W$"has got"W$"'s got")3080N, 500:1775:3100x, NTNT1:1600:1775:NTMNİ190:3060, 150:EF1ı-5 QC10SM8ė:10:3:"You're doing very well on this":3:"exercise, "SF$::3:"Would you like to stop now?":825(7):18:5:"You need to type TWO words.":190:3060+ (W$,3)"has"(W$,2)"'s"(W$,4)"have"(W$,3)"'ve"ĺ(7):18:5:"Please start with have or has.":23:"---- ---":190:3060+ Q9Q243080, Q24(W$"have learnt"W$"'ve l022,4023,4024r* :2:"***************** "QC" *****************":10:"**************************************"* 4:T$(1)::T$(2)::T$(3)* 18:1:958:II(A$):VT:HT1:" ":VT:HT:36:23:1:958:W$A$W$B$NTNT1:30737+ 1985:MF1ĺ0:QC0:QN15:MN2:WC27:EF0:TW0:ME5: qn=15P) QCQC1:T$(3)"":Q = N(QC)v) Q(1(1)24):B6%(E,Q,1)03032) Q = 15) NT0:VT6* Q4001,4002,4003,4004,4005,4006,4007,4008,4009,4010,4011,4012,4013,4014,4015,4016,4017,4018,4019,4020,4021,4 "A$P$:150:2900C( 150:13:1:958:8:11:868:UL$P$:2820(T :5:"We'll start the exercise"::"in just a minute, ";SF$;".":11:"Please read every sentence carefully."( ** BEGIN EX ON PRESENT PERFECT**( : GOSUB 1810: GOSUB 18000) Qк"Wonderful!":18:"We'll start the exercise in a moment.":150:3000' 1000:CC1:16:1:"Sorry, ";SF$;".":"That's not the right answer.":20:C3ĺ"Read it carefully and try again."( C2Ģ13:1:958:18:5:"This is the right answer.":8:10:"***********":6:T$(1):8:T$(2):10:T$(3):12:"***********************************":C0& A$"have told":B$"'ve told":II9:P$" it about five":VT8:HT11:VT:HT1:868:VT:HT:UL$P$:VT:HT:36:23:1:958G' W$A$W$B$İ900:15:958:16:14::G$(8)ĺG$" ":2025C%G$(13)CX(G$):23:36:" ":2026Z%CX6000,2800,1553% T$(1)"I don't want to tell that joke":T$(2)"again. I "UL$" it about five":T$(3)"times today."\& :2:10:"Try this example:":4:"************************rcise F.":1150<$16:3:"3. Go to the Main Menu":1150m$23:1:"Choose a number and press "$16368,0:23:36:W$:16368,0:CX(W$):CX17CX1451553$CXCX48:CX1CX3ĺ(7);:2025%23:36:CX:16368,0:23:37:G$:16368,0)"Exercise F":S$"*":7000-# GOTO 3000Z#::4:"Where would you like to start?"#8:3:"1. I'd like to read the explanation about the present perfect.":1150$12:3:"2. I've already read the explanation. I'm ready to start Exe:"Would you like to try them again?"L"34,22:33,40:32,0::825:::w"MF0:N1(W$):(W$,N,1)" "MFMF1":"M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercise F":"Q0:E6:1750#::M$(1)"Grammar Mastery II -- Series B":M$(2)"The Present Perfect":M$(3le with.":"Would you like to try it again?"!TW2ĺ"This time you missed 2 questions.":"Would you like to try them again?"'"TW2ĺ"This exercise is hard, isn't it?":"I think you'll do better if":"you try the ones you missed":"one more time.":ou're getting to be an expert!": PC%PCĺ"This time you answered "PC%"%":"of the questions correctly,":"but your official score is "PC"%.":1960 PC%100ı.!34,8:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"There is only one question that":"you're having troub'm sure":"you can get 100% if you try":"the hard ones again."TW3ĺ"You had a hard time with some":"of those questions. Let's try":"the ones you missed again."34,16:33,40:32,0::150::::160:34,8:33,37:32,3:# PC%100ĺ"Y:YN3150,3030-7 QC10ė:4:"You have answered ";PC;"% of the":7:"questions correctly so far.":10:"There are only 5 more to do.":13:"I think you'll get them all right.":150-: QCQNī3030-N 1950:PC1001550-X 1900:1970:PC%1001550.b YN3160,1550..T$(1)"Paul knows his roommate very well.":T$(2)"They "UL$" each other since":T$(3)"they were in elementary school.":A$"have known":B$"'ve known":P$" each other since":HT6:s/T$(1)"The Johnsons bought their dog several8:HT6:<T$(1)"I never throw away old letters. I like":T$(2)"to keep them. I "UL$" all the":T$(3)"letters and cards I've ever received.":A$"have kept":B$"'ve kept":P$" all the":HT18:u=T$(1)"I never forget my sister's birthday,":T$(2)"brary!":A$"have read":B$"'ve read":P$" every":HT16: <T$(1)"My neighbors are musicians. They":T$(2)"write most of the music they play.":T$(3)"They "UL$" several popular songs.":A$"have written":B$"'ve written":P$" several popular songs.":VTela. I "UL$" to call them":T$(3)"3 times, but the lines have been busy.":A$"have tried":B$"'ve tried":P$" to call them":HT15:9;T$(1)"Eva and Anne like to read mystery":T$(2)"stories. They "UL$" every":T$(3)"Agatha Christie book in the lib:HT16:9T$(1)"I like to send a birthday card to each":T$(2)"of my friends. I "UL$" more than":T$(3)"12 cards so far this year.":A$"have sent":B$"'ve sent":P$" more than":HT19::T$(1)"I'm still trying to call my friends in":T$(2)"Venezu" about 50.":A$"have caught":B$"'ve caught":P$" about 50.":VT8:HT17: 9T$(1)"Mr. and Mrs. Jefferson love to plant":T$(2)"flowers. They "UL$" hundreds":T$(3)"of flowers all around their house.":A$"have planted":B$"'ve planted":P$" hundreds"(2)"dinner. He "UL$" a walk every":T$(3)"evening for the last 10 years.":A$"has taken":B$"'s taken":P$" a walk every":HT13:L8T$(1)"When the Petersons go fishing, they":T$(2)"try to catch a lot of trout. So far":T$(3)"this year, they "UL$'s driven":P$" across the":HT16:6T$(1)"Jerry and his wife run every day":T$(2)"to keep in shape. They "UL$:T$(3)"3 miles a day for the past two years.":A$"have run":B$"'ve run":P$"":HT25:7T$(1)"Mr. Carson likes to take walks after":T$ey play ball. Billy "UL$:T$(3)"several windows this summer.":A$"has broken":B$"'s broken":P$"":HT24:%6T$(1)"I don't like to drive long distances,":T$(2)"but my brother "UL$" across the":T$(3)"United States three times!":A$"has driven":B$" five calls":HT12:4T$(1)"Jim really loves to drink coffee.":T$(2)"He "UL$" four cups since he":T$(3)"came to work this morning.":A$"has drunk":B$"'s drunk":P$" four cups since he":HT4:n5T$(1)"Children often break windows when":T$(2)"thabout three inches":T$(3)"this week.":A$"have grown":B$"'ve grown":P$" about three inches":HT6:4T$(1)"My brother always gets a lot of phone":T$(2)"calls. He "UL$" five calls":T$(3)"in the last two hours!":A$"has gotten":B$"'s gotten":P$":HT26:2T$(1)"I know that Clara speaks English well.":T$(2)"She "UL$" to me several times":T$(3)"in perfect English.":A$"has spoken":B$"'s spoken":P$" to me several times":HT5:g3T$(1)"These plants grow very quickly.":T$(2)"They "UL$" her. She "UL$" it":T$(3)"many times this year.":A$"has worn":B$"'s worn":P$" it":HT22: 2T$(1)"Mr. Green always eats lunch at his":T$(2)"favorite restaurant. He "UL$:T$(3)"there every day for five years.":A$"has eaten":B$"'s eaten":P$""n":B$"'s been":P$"":HT29:0T$(1)"Mrs. Martin is still very sick.":T$(2)"She "UL$" in the hospital":T$(3)"for three weeks.":A$"has been":B$"'s been":P$" in the hospital":HT5:b1T$(1)"My sister loves to wear the sweater":T$(2)"I made for":T$(2)"years ago. They "UL$" that dog":T$(3)"since 1984.":A$"have had":B$"'ve had":P$" that dog":HT18:0T$(1)"Bob's car is in the garage. He left":T$(2)"it there five days ago. It "UL$:T$(3)"in the garage for almost a week.":A$"has beeut I "UL$" my brother's":T$(3)"birthday twice.":A$"have forgotten":B$"'ve forgotten":P$" my brother's":HT7:>T$(1)"Our dog never bites friends of the":T$(2)"family, but he "UL$" strangers":T$(3)"a couple of times.":A$"has bitten":B$"'s bitten":P$" strangers":HT16:>T$(1)"The students in the beginning level":T$(2)"English class are learning quickly.":T$(3)"They "UL$" a lot in one month.":A$"have learned":B$"'ve learned":P$" a lot in one month.":VT8:HT6:s?p::2:6:"WhatժժՂЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժЪժժժժՠժՊժժժժժժժժՊLanguage Academy":M$(7)"Copyright 1987":M$(5)"and Sheldon Wise"K=Y:k=Z5:(19(M$(1))2):M$(1);=[9:(19(M$(2))2):M$(2);=\11:(19(M$(3))2):M$(3);=]12:(19(M$(3))2):YY1(M$(3)):"-";:YY>^1:18:M$(4):1:M$(5):1:M$(s<T$(1)"The United States has had the same form":T$(2)"of government "UL$" 1789.":P$"1789.":VT12:HT15:<T$(1)"Nancy has had a bad cold "UL$" the":T$(2)"last two weeks.":P$"the":FO1:HT26:C=XM$(4)"By Laura E. Savely":M$(6)"American e I spoke to you.":P$"":HT33:{;T$(1)"They have been shopping "UL$" 9:30":T$(2)"this morning.":P$"9:30":HT25:<T$(1)"Carol plays the piano very well. She":T$(2)"has taken piano lessons "UL$" six years.":P$"six years.":FO1:VT12:HT25:" almost an hour.":FO1:P$"almost an hour.":VT12:HT17::T$(1)"Buddhism has been a major religion":T$(2)"in Asia "UL$" over 2000 years.":P$"over 2000 years.":FO1:VT12:HT9:";T$(1)"I have changed some of my plans "UL$:T$(2)"the last timcG9:1:"3. If an action just happened, or if an activity was completed recently.":1150G14:"This meaning of the present perfect"::"is like the past tense, except that"::"we don't say exactly when it happened.":150DH11:958:13:1:14:" * Have you ever seen a French movie?":" ---- ----":F" * Sure. I've seen 2 or 3 this year.":12:"-------":150G:2:4:"Here is the last case we'll look at"::"to answer the question: When do we use"::"the present perfect?".":150E11:958:12:1:"These are some expressions that you"::"can use with the present perfect: "::5:"once, several times"::5:"ever (in questions & with "C$"not"C$")"E:5:"every day this week":150HF11:958:12:1:"Examples:":ent perfect:"sD8:1:"2. If an action happened one or more times, but we don't say exactly when.":1150 E13:2:"Remember, never use the present perfect";::"to refer to a specific time in the past,":"such as last year, yesterday, on Mondaybe)":150C17:1:"Here are some expressions that go with":"this meaning of the present perfect:"::5:"for, since, so far, until, now"C5:"this week, always, all my life":150D:2:5:"Here is another case when we"::"need to use the presrs.":1150:10:"--- -------"wB21:" Jeff has been studying law for 3 years.";:1150:7:"--- ---- --------":150 C12:1:958:12:1:"We also use this tense with":"verbs that are not usually continuous:"::"(know, like, want, understand, have, 1. If something was true in the past":4:"and it's still true now.":1150A12:1:"It has the same meaning as the present":"perfect continuous with a few verbs:"::" (live, work, study, play, teach)":150B18:5:"Jeff has studied law for 3 yealived here for 2 years.":17:6:"---- -----"x@19:6:"John has done his homework.":1150:20:11:"--- ----":150@:6:"Now you know how to form the"::"present perfect, but the most important"::"question is: When do you use it?"LA8:1:" is the present perfect?":5:"It's a verb tense that looks like this:":8:4:"have (has) + past participle"?u4:"---- ---";:21:"---------------":1150?z11:7:"have";:26:"lived":1150:13:7:"has";:26:"done":1150/@16:4:"I have ЪժժժՀЪժժժՊժժԪՂԪժժժժժժՊ?7?????3ct continuous"::"has three parts:"";:S (W$)1(W$,1)" "W$(W$,(W$)1):20 (W$)1((W$,1)" "(W$,1)".")W$(W$,(W$)1):22 ZZ1(W$):(W$,ZZ,2)" "W$(W$,ZZ)(W$,(W$)1ZZ):ZZZZ1 ZZ: WZ$"":I1(W$) N((W$ 'ly":M$(6)"American Language Academy":M$(7)"Copyright 1987":M$(5)"and Sheldon Wise"_KY:KZ5:(19(M$(1))2):M$(1);K[9:(19(M$(2))2):M$(2);K\11:(19(M$(3))2):M$(3);K]12:(19(M$(3))2):YY1(M$(3)):"-";:YY)L^1:18:M$(":1150uJ12:"#2 - If an action happened one or more times, but we don't say exactly when.":1150J16:"#3 - If an action just happened, or if an activity was completed recently.":1150:150J 2800WKXM$(4)"By Laura E. Savet yet?":" ---- ----":hI" * Yes. I have just finished it.":12:"---- --------":150I:2:11:"Let's review...":::"When do we use the present perfect?" J8:"#1 - If something was true in the past and it's still true now."These words help express the idea in #3:";:33,35:32,5:34,14:H15:"recently, ";:"lately"::"already, ";:"just, ";:"finally"::"yet (in questions & with "C$"not"C$")" I:150:11:958:12:1:"Examples:":14:" * Have you done that reporTLY RESERVEDP 27468:SF$"":N115:SF$SF$((27448N))::FX%((768)96) B6%(20,30,1),M$(10),Q$(25),T$(4),EX$(2):D$(4):C$(34):UL$(95)(95):EX$"THE NEGATIVE PRESENT PERFECT" (27)(17):2000% 23:1:958:23:11:"Please type theO *** UNIT 6, EX G OF GRAMMAR MASTERY II--SERIES B *** CATALOG TITLE"NEG"r *** WRITTEN BY SHELDON WISE *** PROGRAMMED BY LAURA E. SAVELY; MODIFIED BY NANCY POST, 8/87  *** COPYRIGHT 1987 BY American Language Academy -- ALL RIGHTS STRICybe you've just finished.)":150A$13:958:14:5:"Jack has been working since he":10:"----------------":"graduated from high school."::A."(He started working when he graduated and he's still working now.)":150:2100]BXM$(4)"By Laura Es verb tense,"::3:"we are saying that the action is"::3:"still happening, or that it was "::3:"happening a short time ago."@11:"**** Look at the examples again ****":FL1:::6030"A:3:"(You're probably still studying it, but mae these:"::4:"lately, recently, this week, all day"?13:"2. To show that something started in the past and continued until now."::3:"(as in Exercise D with for & since)":10:"---------- -----------":150@:2:6:"When we use thi>6:6:"1":14:10:"has">>6:17:"2":14:14:"been"f>6:30:"3":14:19:"working":150>:2:"We use the present perfect continuous"::9:"in two important ways:"8?7:"1. To express a recent and continuing action, with words lik this week.":HFEX0:(=FL16170F=6:6:"1":14:9:"have"f=6:17:"2":14:14:"been"=6:30:"3":14:19:"studying":150>13:958:14:5:"Jack has been working since he":10:"----------------":5:"graduated from high school.",I,1)):N97N39N3234' NN32C "WZ$WZ$(N)::W$WZ$:n $CVVT:CHHT1:M$"":W$"":M0:II(A$) &18:EXEFĢ21:10:"(Press for help)" (MM1:CV:CHM:MII1ĺ(7)(7);:MM2:W$(W$,M):40 *16368,0:M$:N(M$):N127NNԪժժժՊժժԪժժժժՊ?3?3???ժժժժժՊժՊժժѪժժՊ?????73뿩 8!@8` MNЩUMܩ  L 5   8 0 8 `0 / x X$$%&%0`ŠӠЭ[ V7 c L '0%O '8O JmO * ʈ0  0ŠϠĠ͢Š͠͠ϠŠŠϠĠخ͠ ͍B B(8`;YLLL"7"Y"/"ll"*# HQ$WON!-PB}OBiB ,m# m# J Qڨ)̰n]e мȱ ; ̀𩠙< iO P F V >Z SY ɘL` X _ )f 8'  )ɀ)4,- U JNT)  !N)Gi/ "4 "" " " iL X%!L!ΠΠҠ`C! $ " " &#M8nf $ ) L! " " &J, )7(P0  ( @p !"0 *%"0"" &/) )"" &ЭL!)0I0 (Щ ߍ 16384,128:KP(16384)128:16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553S;KP49KP48M310b@CXKP48:|900:1700:NT1ī57516:(15(1))521,522,523,524,525 7:"That's right, ";SF$;".": 6:"That's the right choice.": 4:"You answeredF2((W$,8)H1$(W$,7)H3$))(MF1((W$,7)H2$(W$,6)H4$))OK1:{WD$"three":(W$,7)H2$(W$,6)H4$WD$"two"8:M$(0)::N1M3:N;". ";M$(N):,21:1:958:21:14:"Your choice?";:CH(36):CV(37)<616368,0:)2):EX$:L1EX$(1)""162=((40(EX$(0)))2):EX$(0)C20:1:958:20:15:"Press ";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:1553KP27KP155170MF0:N1(W$):(W$,N,1)" "MFMF1H:(M868:(95)P$;:MM2;J(W$,1)"'"M0W$(W$,M):40ULM0W$(W$,M1):40cNW$"":4024:1:958:24:14:"SPACE BAR";16368,0:16384,128:KP(16384):16368,0:KP17KP145ġ:1553KP160KP32150:((40(EX$)M$(95)P$:M0:II(B$):405 8MII1ĺM$(95)P$;= :40Q <20:(W$)042 >28:CV:CHM:868:P$" ":: PRINT CHR$ (8)" " CHR$ (8)P$" ": RETURN @40 FM1M0:CHHT1:CV:CH:" ":40 G(36)HT2ĢVT:HT1:" "UL$P$:M0:36HM$;:128 ,N17N145ġ:1553B -M1((N13N32)(EXN27))42 .N8(N8N13)(N13N27)(N27N32)(N32N39)(N39N65)(N90N97)(N122N128)42 0N27HF1: 2N870: BACKSAPCE 4N1360: RETURN 6W$W$M$:M1W$"'"ĖHT1:ժժժժժժՊժժժՀЪժժՊժժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊԠŠҬîʎ1DžϠl&8f ZHH)hh8JhJJJJJ j&Hk&8H) 12 (j21 h!hH h %)Ђ12H)M0 h10200I20h2 |&`L($_l&j"L  <8# ȱ)ɀ  )t& ` (Xp< @t& )mt&t&.t&w& Mt&i  ``rȱȱȱȱ0]cȱeem(ȱ(ȱ((ȱ 밯ZF[G 밠S%܈P" X)Im'܅F(܅G)܍^*܍Q 4 䭐 $H %HFFHGHG 됨`R8`)` QH_` :R(5IHH__Ѝ_@`8 e ͙_ʈ@}ȱ@oȱ@y{|rZ[_)7_I0ܢܽ \'Q*ܩu 7pqFG (ST L܅I^ mQIH` } }Y0\F]G Q_HZF[G` G8`F@ 0 e LK8`F GI8`FHGH hGhF܌ բFܽܕF芝ܝ 밶FFGG H܅I mIIHHyHȘI Lܝ` @o@ w@Ю׍_)m0JHi 뎑`C8` @ 3N@) d莽 ⭺i`0 v0GF #0 W,0 ).H hȑNWȮّNW8`ٍّNθ0NN,뎞׮Б` L` @>_)I38Ypqם`K8`@Nȱ@O@ IiNȽבN)/ȩ/N`@[ WHJjjjhA <'KI؍'P0ōҍJJJJ ɺi) ɺiLD )?      `l@Hȱ@IױHXATȱH ɯȩ׍̞5H)/@a)_ .0 :A[8@`@~@}J@` ߩ%S @ ~`E hhhߺ0 h ߐ# ߐ ߐ ߐ 0 HϭߍLпllllhh8` QSTV،h@ihAiȱ@JJJJq@)@evȱ@Hȱ@Ah@@cee J) LxL LxJiB LxJ) GxNhHHHHL(  ްƠx@BEOD  ް(`( C)CJJJlBJ,~آ <B*IBGF08Lé'+8H <(h`@ڍL3<>=?<>CAB@?A` 1 L  <>` ڢF]PL8i m L   6< L  BLRAM' hLDLHB-9F 3"aɿ LLB Nϰ H  @h( L Lj  @`bLJCAB@=?,<ʆ>*=?BC8 é&'112`݁(݉(`}(`e`H)hJJ?(0JJ)` (< ( < *? 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J5 s9X(K sXXK تKo`V8`no` < on sI9XX`)HJJJh`OeNeO࿰ s9XАO`@ȭ@` ON YNJKO`HHHHх܅F݅G ` ͬ 밽܅F݅G ` * % L`FGL 4܍ݍ8`FHGH 4ܙhGhF`@Bɼ>K@yٙ٩`O dIpFqG :%&N  # 4܅F܅G `J HH hh` 0 @ L\L# [Tܝ ݝ0ȩFG  0` רם__)׍_pFqG 밍 :Y)Ң`;R?AJ;<ȰY)Ң`Y?)Ң`ȐҰ ;HhHh=Ң`Hh `Hh`DEiȍ0֌18V%֌&8V֌֠)HV)hH)hHIhդD?DRIDQD)҅; ?JDQD]ՎՎՎ`MY pӭY)p  ӭp`C)`BFGV 8``3 @LtJ)s@J b  l`a?sa?,E30ɍФ3 E3HD F3 Ʉ%h3 bM E  lLthɍLL3`3,A0s0% Ipn DpnI:L ؅303پھ p H־Ǿh۰8L־Jjjjɾ)Ⱦ8 ѱ OLӜ ĤLLX>(F`־ؾپھ׾` bɄ KDEF vLl v lL bKɍKL?` w  vLl@$݅3`(l8L3LX>(Ƀ,`3,G0]ɾ g` H`پ_پ p _پ׾`>( p۾m׾) W)ʩ@`ɾ>(O puȾ ɾ-O ]c־Jjjj `O>0O l PODEF޾ p ޾ p($ذ v (0 ( L?ԦʚLeةީa s  @L b,FLg,DL,C0$3 >@ Ɉ 3ɾꩈL(3ɾ;Ƀ B94 l% bʽ  ՚,S` H EH06172839h` v97L75v^a ?/( va?LLLɍ$?`?a ɍɥAH93827160hH46576879h`,C bL ɍ b w,S0 @ lLޭBYL 8!9 詍` "  à4"/pŠϠŠà͠ӠàԠŬJJH !h穖tp% ;"Z/݀>">"' 1" 7"5).莀/ ;" " 6" >" 1"6"$ "g"" !"""""""I"zLLG ASTARTUP$#   / XXύX?klmnÍoL) "6L'?"(0`6708" = ***)< &@DEF   %LҠؠӠ΢ϠԩҠŠƠԠԠŠӢɯϠҠůȠԠĠ ƠϠ ɘɉ ɈL :Lɍ)ې)ɮ۰ɺH h 'ĝL  LL L)'L L L'L  (L(L $ʩ $$ $L `ީ % XʩXύX X A %  % ɍNH hɛɘɉɈ $ Lc :Lcې)ɮ۰ɺ'Ɲ Lc  : X i % $ɛ$ЍL8933LΞAAJL ةޘг uv $ 8LƞaЌ>?@`>?@`B8` K  춼LK ҟ ҟ ( KK`HJJJJ8`HK)` #hhLJپھ pHJh` D!hgt}~p `~t}p8n~ni}tpi~~tso8pinii>j?k̈́>~|p|Ii||̈́ l - `>i>) F з8` # `l׾ XYW0V)4W׾ؾ_`)0%I0)3]8X^YȰ8` 8` p Ⱦɾʾ8`پھW)@%ZȾ pSԩ p`S pLjÍ FN I 9 : ׾hؾ  p hgͺ칾`LٷV)jC mMjà Lp `VJJ°L9Lp з)< L з L緭W)8VJưϥ3 켼 `F`4W)ɐ/XYjV  kimljn` pg׾mȾXhؾmɾYtѮȾɾ aYX`8gSL/id /`H) hJJJJ ɺi` M  ` ת.8 `O`S  AI-L9 ᪰B C VW>m>` _m8injkiljo풼i>?Ek?>Q>> L> \/ e>>?́?ޱ>ȥpnG @p;G=po:Q>>>̀ `` \> ̀ `e>>?́?>?Emn(>e>ȱ>e?>Q>ؠ> ie>>?`|;}=:<~:<=;`||m};>:8o>oȑ>ppȑ>> :op`G DK1׾ؾ  p p ٷ H rh(`׾ؾ` : ߭׾t8퍼mؾŰ펼t폼 L28` ˌھپLp k V)@W0!XY X6Y7` YX`X:Y;τ<:: <`:8` e eվ'OV)Jj зf Ja l + ѱ:ji Ĥ Ƀ B ,  簰 ` l])Y 񩢍`Ⱦɾ0Ǿ p that one perfectly!":9 7:"Good answer, "SF$".":d 6:"You did well on that question.":?16:(17(1))577,578,579,580,581,582,583A11:"Now it's correct.":B5:"OK this time, ";SF$;".":C5:"Now it's correct, ";SF$;".":&DLLwLLL) `8` ԠŬLLʮq$6,⨁ K6, VtI=v!gNVt Vt  lg~TV     T[fouu~ՠٯ* PWN*]ĿNTz @n6VC/+A>@I5gN Oz @n[Dz @nd0,~z @`$仫@v$⩔,C[B?I>孓`仫6VtCicQĿUKqtVt Nֵ#ح#׮2}q :IC@@ -!S    !C- !ABELSDFRV@@ !$(19@EüϠž(+@ABCDEFGHIKLMNPSsƬƀ#(ZZV4G_0=( A P FjL\5p-e9ABSAVERIFYBLOADELETEBYECATALOGOPENWRITEXECREATEFRESTORENAMEBRUNLOCKCHAIN#FLUSHREADPOSITIONOMONPR#PREFIXCLOSEAPPEND6D(!쫂8 ( 8о(־Ǿ,G 8`_`W)H־Jjjjh p̭ fLᶢǾ ת..8 ۭ (8mȾȾmɾɾʾiʾ` Lpl8l:/,s`\"׾پӾؾھ pD`־ǾY׾ؾOW)ݩȾɾʾ pD`8`W)CB) 5W) =)W)@! pZ}ȾȾ󰹩 p` ־ǾҾ,G 8`׾ؾ f p vۥs׾tؾE` `޾Lp h־Ҿ,G0^W)TP) ecfdپھ׾ؾӾ p$c d pccddީ 8`ȾɾʾNfne}ȾȾI>Ie f`8` P־ǾҾ,G0C f=W)_`:_`蹀:`V)8`MN; b;`;C b N8` G)̀#:蹀:`V)R ޾,N0MHhHh p' L,N HCNh`M`M N N `9V) ` V) ޾ p`  (8` 8`8`(W)`_V)Ij!؍Í`_ FjЭW)`_ Ͼ pH Lh8`jGMоM  G)p pY)ικ`lP *,N!ǾȾɾʾ pǾ~H h8`8`,C  8` ȾɾM$ mHݓǾ phϾ pH Lh8`Ͼо־ǾҾ_` 볩Ӿ pW) "LEC`C )莼 з l6 7= /& /8Hh /` 6Y׾ؾ+پھ p|پɾʾ`HV)jh츾$-#Ͼ p о־޾Ǿ` 8` 8`ɾ)ɾ̸ ɾɾ0miȾ 3:"That's much better, ";SF$;".":JE6:"You're really learning.":nF6:"You just need practice.":G5:"That's the way to learn.": 922:1:958:22:9:"Type YES (Y) or NO (N)";:16368,0:16384,128:16368,0:KP(16384):KP17KP145ġ:15530:KP78KP89KP110KP121825N;YN1((KP78)(KP110)):YFX%ıw6,11020(1):7,20:7686,8020(1):7,20:7686,15020(1):7,20:768FX%1ıZZ16:YY(16336)(16336)(16336)YYY(1633636:32,4::TW1ĺ"There is only one question that":"you're having trouble with.":"Would you like to try it again?""TW2ĺ"This time you missed 2 questions.":"Would you like to try them again?"p#TW2ĺ"This exercise is hard, isn't it?":"I thin33,40:32,0::150::::!:160:34,8:33,37:32,3:l!PC%100ĺ"You're getting to be an expert!":!PC%PCĺ"This time you answered "PC%"%":"of the questions correctly,":"but your official score is "PC"%.":1960!PC%100ıw"34,8:33,them right if you try them again." TW3ĺ"You did pretty well, but I'm sure":"you can get 100% if you try":"the hard ones again." TW3ĺ"You had a hard time with some":"of those questions. Let's try":"the ones you missed again."!34,16:PC100ĢVT6:4:"C O N G R A T U L A T I O N S!"::9:"You did a great job!":150:34,12:33,36:32,4::TW1ĺ"Wonderful! You only missed one!":"Let's try it again."$ TW2ĺ"You only had trouble with two":"questions. I think you'll get":"PC%1:3lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:WC27:TW0E{QQ1:Q24ıl}B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)0QCQC1yQCQNıB6%(E,Q,0)01915B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)019153035:1915:160:VT86(PC100):VT:12:"FINAL SCORE: "PC"%"XB6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780AB6%(E,N,0)2RPRP1[B6%(E,N,1)0TQTQ1bNTQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%(E,0,0)PC:PC(TP100TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1B6%(E,0,0)PC PC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%1ı'B6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2:SB6%(E,Q,0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFSMSM1YeNT1ıTWTW1:B6%(E,Q,1)0ıB6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:M130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:'TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:.":QV8:"There's something wrong with the auxiliary.":t^21:11:"Please try again.":h21:1:958:21:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:16:1:958iVT:HT:868:VT:HT:A$P$:rNTe's a mistake":12:"in your answer.":iL6:"I'm sorry, but your main verb":13:"isn't correct.":M7:"That answer isn't correct.":T3:"There's a mistake in the auxiliary.":U8:"That's not the correct":6:"form of the present perfect8)(W$,7)(B$,7)(W$,7)(A$,7)(W$,6)(B$,6)Ĵ(14(1))1610,1611,1612,1613:EX11605,1650B(13(1))1620,1621,1622:EX1650E(NTMN)11640,1630J7:"I think you made a mistake":11:"in the main verb.":)K4:"I'm sorry, but therve this disk from the disk drive."::"Insert the disk you want to use, and"::"press when ready.":150:1565*D$"RUN STARTUP,S6",:10:16:"Goodbye!".15:7:"Please turn off the computer.":1,0d@1000:1725:16:(W$,8)(A$,...":34,12:CX115700D$"RUN STARTUP,S6""::CX0:6:5:"This is the last exercise in"::5:"Grammar Mastery II -- Series B."$14:5:"Would you like to review one of"::5:"the exercises in this Series?":825::YN1575,1580|'8:"Remowith: ":1995::5:M$(0):150:::M$(0)"What do you want to do now?":M$(1)"Do the next exercise":M$(2)"Go to the Main Menu":M$(3)"Stop for today":M3::33,34:32,6:200:33,40:32,0:CX1565,1565,1580:10:3:"Just a minute, ";SF$;")(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336)(16336):ZZ:d~FX%ı6,100(37)3:7,10:7686,(100)100:7,4:7686,(37)3:7,6:768"::160:10:5:"Please make a note that you have":5:"worked k you'll do better if":"you try the ones you missed":"one more time."::"Would you like to try them again?"#34,22:33,40:32,0::825:::#M$(0)"Unit 6, Exercise G":#Q0:E7:1750:EX0=$::M$(1)"Grammar Mastery - Series B":M$(2)"The Negative Present Perfect":M$(3)"Exercise G":S$"*":7000$::2:"Do you know how to use the negative"::"present perfect?"$8:3:"1. I'm not sure. I'd like to read the explanation before I start.":1150l%12:3:"2. Yes, I do. I d)"for almost a year.":V$" smoked":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$"":HT24:3T$(1)"I used to go skiing a lot in the winter,":T$(2)"but I moved to Florida two years ago.":T$(3)"I "UL$" skiing since then.":V$" gone":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$" skiing since t luck, ";SF$;"!":150(1: QCQNī3020?1N 1950:PC1001550]1X 1900:1970:PC%1001550o1b YN3160,1550y1l 1550G2T$(1)"Jane stopped smoking last spring. She":T$(2)"says that she will never smoke again,":T$(3)"and I believe her. She "UL$:T$(4SM8ė:10:3:"You're doing very well on this":3:"exercise, "SF$::3:"Would you like to stop now?":825:YN3150,302017 QC10ė:4:"You have answered ";PC;"% of the":7:"questions correctly so far.":10:"There are only 5 more to do.":13:"GoodO 3060/ NTNT1w/ (Q2(W$"have not been"W$"haven't been"))(Q17(W$"has not been"W$"hasn't been"))OK1/ (Q6(W$"has not got"W$"hasn't got"))OK1/ OKİ500:1775:3100/ 1600:1775:NTMNİ150:3060/ 150:EF1ı}05 QC10s not hasn't":2:"---- --- ------- --- --- ------":150:3060`. 190:OKOK0:3070. (7):17:8:"Please type "WD$" words.":150:MF0:3060/ IF MF = 0 THEN VTAB VT: HTAB HT: FOR N = 1 TO LEN (A$) - 1: PRINT L$;: NEXT : PRINT " ": GOT8:VT:HT:868:UL$P$:VT:HT:36:21:1:958:W$A$W$B$OK1:3070u- HFİ6000:150:HF0:T$(4)"":VT8:3045- (W$,8)H1$(W$,7)H2$(W$,7)H3$(W$,6)H4$3065H. (7):17:5:"Please start with one of these:"::2:"have not haven't ha6,4017,4018,4019,4020,4021,4022,4023,4024m, :2:"*********** QUESTION # "QC" ***********";:QC10ĺ"*", 4:1:T$(1):6:T$(2):8:T$(3):10:T$(4), 10(2(T$(4)"")):"**************************************", HF0:OK0:MF0I- 13:1:950:MN2:WC27:EF0:TW0:ME5:H1$"have not":H2$"haven't":H3$"has not":H4$"hasn't"b+ QCQC1+ Q(1(1)24):B6%(E,Q,1)03030+ T$(4)"":NT0:VT8+ Q = 23+, Q4001,4002,4003,4004,4005,4006,4007,4008,4009,4010,4011,4012,4013,4014,4015,401se.":150:3000\* CC1:1600:C3Ģ20:4:"Read it carefully and try again.":150:2820*" 20:3:"Press for the answer.":151:13:1:958:VT:HT:868:A$P$:150* ** BEGIN EX ON NEGATIVE PRESENT PERFECT **V+ ::Q0:QC0:QN15:EXple:":4:"*************************************":6:T$(1):8:T$(2):10:T$(3):12:"*************************************") 13:1:958:VT:HT:868:VT:HT:UL$P$:VT:HT:36:21:1:958* W$A$W$B$İ500:20:5:"Now you can start the exerci50( T$(1)"Karen can't go out with us. She has to":T$(2)"stay home and do her laundry because":T$(3)"she "UL$" any in three weeks!":A$"has not done":B$"hasn't done":P$" any in three weeks!"( :C0:VT10:HT5:II(A$)) 2:10:"Try this examhe negative present perfect."::"When you type the verb, you can use"' :"the longer form or the contraction:":17:"--":13:5:"Tom hasn't found a job yet.":9:"------------":1150( 5:"Tom has not found a job yet.":9:"-------------":1150:1CX3ĺ(7);:2035Y&23:36:CX:16368,0:23:37:G$:16368,0:G$(8)ĺG$" ":2035&G$(13)CX(G$):23:36:" ":2045& CX6000,2300,1553H':EX1:2:5:"In this exercise you will read"::"one or two sentences that need a verb"::"in ton't need to read the explanation for this exercise.":1150:16:3:"3. Go to the Main Menu":1150%32,0:33,40:23:1:"Choose a number and press "%16368,0:23:36:W$:16368,0:CX(W$):CX17CX1451553%CXCX48&CX1hen.":HT3:3T$(1)"The last time my dad rode a bicycle":T$(2)"was in 1965. He "UL$" a bike":T$(3)"in a long time.":V$" ridden":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" a bike":VT6:HT17:o4T$(1)"Margaret wrote a letter to her":T$(2)"parents two months ago, but she":T$(3)UL$" to them since then.":V$" written":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" to them since then.":HT1:5T$(1)"I want to take a computer science":T$(2)"course this semester because":T$(3)"I "UL$" one yet.":V$" taken":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$"anta.":T$(2)"They would like to make some new friends":T$(3)"but they "UL$" anyone yet.":V$" met":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$" anyone yet.":HT10:Bp:2:"To make the negative present perfect,"::"use the word "C$"not,"C$" like this:"CuT$(1)"He hV$:B$H2$V$:P$" any major problems.":HT6:AT$(1)"The president made several speeches":T$(2)"last month, but he "UL$" any":T$(3)"so far this month.":V$" made":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" any":VT6:HT20:BT$(1)"Lisa and Joe just moved to Atl two months, but she "UL$:T$(3)"the plane alone yet.":V$" flown":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$"":VT6:HT25:0AT$(1)"Jerry and his wife are very happy.":T$(2)"They've been married for 5 years and":T$(3)"they "UL$" any major problems.":V$" had":A$H1$" any since":VT6:HT6:?T$(1)"It usually rains during this time of":T$(2)"the year, but it "UL$:T$(3)"at all for the last three weeks.":V$" rained":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$"":VT6:HT18:l@T$(1)"Betty has been taking flying lessons":T$(2)"forsed":T$(3)"to take one every summer.":V$" taken":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$" a vacation":VT4:HT13:?T$(1)"Alice and Pamela hate to do homework.":T$(2)"They "UL$" any since":T$(3)"the beginning of this semester.":V$" done":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$ to church every Sunday":T$(2)"when he lived with his parents, but":T$(3)"he "UL$" to church since then.":V$" gone":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" to church since then.":HT4:f>T$(1)"The Millers "UL$" a vacation":T$(2)"for the last two years. They uhen.":V$" seen":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$" them since then.":HT3:<T$(1)"Maria loves to read books in Spanish,":T$(2)"but she "UL$" any books":T$(3)"in English yet.":V$" read":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" any books":VT6:HT9:=T$(1)"Carlos wentually spend a lot of money on":T$(2)"clothes, but I "UL$:T$(3)"very much this year.":V$" spent":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$"":VT6:HT16:D<T$(1)"The last time I saw my grandparents":T$(2)"was last year, at Thanksgiving.":T$(3)"I "UL$" them since tr.":V$" spoken":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" to him for a year.":HT1::T$(1)"I saw several excellent movies last":T$(2)"year, but I "UL$" any good":T$(3)"ones yet this year.":V$" seen":A$H1$V$:B$H2$V$:P$" any good":VT6:HT13:;T$(1)"I us"clothes was last winter.":T$(3)"He "UL$" any more since then.":V$" bought":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" any more since then.":HT4:F:T$(1)"Carol stopped speaking to her husband":T$(2)"after their divorce last year. She":T$(3)UL$" to him for a yea"Charlie has been trying to find":T$(2)"a cheap apartment, but he "UL$:T$(3)"a suitable one yet. Most of them are":T$(4)"too small or too shabby.":V$" found":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$"":VT6:HT27:9T$(1)"The last time Henry bought some new":T$(2)t.":V$" written":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" to me yet.":HT8:7T$(1)"Jane has been on a strict diet since":T$(2)"March. She "UL$" any sweets":T$(3)"since she started the diet.":V$" eaten":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" any sweets":VT6:HT12:8T$(1)an for a long":T$(2)"time. He "UL$" any meat":T$(3)"since 1980.":V$" eaten":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" any meat":VT6:HT10:?7T$(1)"My best friend moved away 3 months ago.":T$(2)"He usually writes a lot of letters,":T$(3)"but he "UL$" to me ye one yet.":HT3:5T$(1)"Marsha has studied karate for several":T$(2)"years and she just got her brown belt.":T$(3)"She "UL$" her black belt yet.":V$" gotten":A$H3$V$:B$H4$V$:P$" her black belt yet.":HT5:6T$(1)"Mark has been a vegetarias not smoked since 1976.":T$(2)"I have not read that book yet.":T$(3)"I haven't read that book yet.":T$(4)"He hasn't smoked since 1976."Cz7:5:T$(2):1150::5:T$(1):1150D12:"or you can use the contraction "C$"n't"C$":":15:5:T$(3):1150:17:5:T$(4):1150:HFı%D150D:2:5:"There are three important meanings"::"for the negative present perfect.":6:"Here are some examples:"ET$(1)"I have never been to Africa.":T$(2)"She hasn't ever gone out alone.":T$(3)"They haven't ժժժŪժՊժժժժժժժՊ?;33?3ժժժժժՊժՀЪժՊЪժժՊ?3?3# ԪժժժժժժժՊժժժՊժժՂժժժժՊ?# 3?;ժժԪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժԪժՊժժժՊԪժժժժժժժՊժժժժժժՊԪժժЪժժՊЪժժѪժժժՊЪժժժժժժժՊժժժŪժՊժժժժժժժՊ??;3?;ժժժժժՊժՂժժЪժժՊ??3#ԪժժժԪժժժՊժժժՊժժՊժժժժՊ?#? ??ժժՀЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժԪժժժժժՊԪժժժժժժժՊժժժժժժՊժժժЪժժՊժժѪժժժՊЪժժժժժժժՊԪժժժՊժժժժժժժՊ3733ժժժժժՊժՂժժЪժժՊ3333+3ЪժժժԪժժժՊժժԪՊԪժՊժժժժՊ3+3 337ժժՀЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժЪժժժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊn we want to say"::"how much time has passed since the"::"last time something happened:"G12:1:" * I haven't seen you in a long time!":1150:14:8:"(The last time I saw you"::9:"was a long time ago.)":150DH10:958:12:1:" * She hasn':T$(2)F15:958:16:1:"In the last example, I'm saying that "::"they didn't call me when I expected,"::"but they might call me in the future."F13:27:"YET":150:13:4:T$(3):^G2:7:"We also use the negative"::"present perfect whecalled me yet."LE9:4:T$(1):1150::4:T$(2):1150::4:T$(3):1150E16:"In the first 2 examples, we are saying "::"that the action never happened at any"::"time in the past." F9:11:"NEVER":11:11:"N'T EVER":150:9:4:T$(1):11:4ժժժժժժՊժժЪժժՊЪժժЪժժժՊԪժժժժժժժՊժժԪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժժժՊժժժՊժժժժժժժՊ,Q,1)WC:kM130:B6%(E,M,0)0:B6%(E,M,1)0:M:B6%(E,0,1)B6%(E,0,1)1:TQ0:TP0:RP0:N130:B6%(E,N,0)1TPTP1:TQTQ1:N:1780B6%(E,N,0)2RPRP1B6%(E,N,1)0TQTQ1N TQ0PC0:PC%0:B6%(E,0,0)PC:>PC(TP100:11:"Press ":9:"for the correct answer.":151:22:1:958iVT:HT1:" "A$P$:NT1ıB6%(E,Q,1)0B6%(E,Q,0)2:B6%(E,Q,0)1:B6%(E,Q,1)WC:EFSMSM1NT1ıTWTW1:B6%(E,Q,1)0ı(B6%(E,Q,0)0:B6%(EG3:"There's a mistake in your answer.":H2:"That's not the correct form of the present perfect continuous.":I4:"There is something wrong with that answer.": Y21:11:"Please try again.":gh18:1:958:22ժժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊժժՊЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊ LKժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊԪժժժժժՊժԪժՂЪժժՊժժЪՀЪժժժժժժՊЪժժժՊժժՀЪժժժժՊՂժժժժբժՊժժժժժժժժՊժժժՂժժժՊժժժժժժՊժժЪժժՊԪժՊЪժժժՊժժժժժժժժՊժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊ?333?ЪժժժժժՊժԪժՂЪժժՊ33?# ժժժժժժժժՊժժժՊժժՀЪժժժժՊ3#?3?33ժժժժբժՊժժժժժժժժՊժժժՂժժժՊժժժժժժՊժժЪժժՊԪժժЪժժժՊԪժժժժժժժՊժժժժժՊժժժժժժժՊ?33??3??ЪժժժժժՊժՀЪժՊЪժժՊ3?3??# ժժժժժժժժՊժժժՊժժՂժժժժՊ3#?;??33TQ):(TP100TQ)PC0.5PCPC1PB6%(E,0,0)PCPC%((TPRP)100TQ):((TPRP)100TQ)PC%0.5PC%PC%1:lQC0:Q0:EF1:QNTW:WC27:TW0{QQ1:Q17ı}B6%(E,Q,0)0B6%(E,Q,1)0QCQC1QCQNıB6%(E,Q,0)01915:B6