8L2C)pJJJJ IH(ȱH:=IH[H`@HcH  $ +   I/H`JLNGȄBȄF aK  haaFF  mJm# KKJ UJ )J ۈ) ;J3ȱJFȱJGJKaȄM  aaNNJFLGJL L FrEdLessons Disk 1 FrEdLessons Disk 1 "FrEdTips #1" by Don Beck FrEdTips Disk #1 contains an interesting collection of informative and helpful articles about FrEdWriter and how to use it. It also includes an Applesoft BASIC progrp?.SAMPLE.BOOKRPTNȬ#BOXȬ¬& ,PROMPT.BOXES.Ȭ!.*LABELMAKERW ȬǬ CR&tIȬ¬& ,FRANKLIN.MODTȬǬ)*CORVUS.MOD ȬǬ'(WORKSHOPȬ.PERSON.PROMPTSȬ. ,PRACTICE.ONEȬ,PRACTICE.TWO >ȬDATAȬ' -READ.ME.FIRST ȬǬ 'GUIDE.11;_Ȭ¬ 'GUIDE.2F0]Ȭ¬ )USER.TIPSv1Ȭ¬ +PRINTER.TXTN.Ȭ¬ -PRINTER.CODES? &PRODOS `DaElH$?EGvѶK+`L HHLy XP LM S)*+,+`F)) (*=GJFjJJA QE'+ '== `@ STSP8QSS8 m P o R(8Ram (ProDOS, of course) to print labels. Read on. GUIDE.1 and GUIDE.2 are interesting documentation files with a different perspective than the DOC files on the FrEdWriter disks. USER.TIPS will give you some useful ideas on how to use FrEd. PRINTER.TXT UE SoftSwap for $40.00. (Sorry... we are unable to ship partial sets.) Make checks payable to SoftSwap and send to: CUE SoftSwap P.O. Box 271704 Concord, CA 94527-1704 To receive PLEASE DO NOT PHONE FOR SUPPORT. ================================================================= ORDERING ================================================================= The complete set of FrEd disks is available from Cin working condition. NO OTHER WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE IS MADE AS TO THEIR SUITABILITY FOR ANY PARTICULAR APPLICATION. CUE SoftSwap IS NOT EQUIPPED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL SUPPORT OR ANSWER QUESTIONS REGARDING THE OPERATION OF FREDWRITER AND ASSOCIATED DISKS.terials and programs are made available at minimal cost by CUE SoftSwap as a public service. We regret that we are unable to provide any warranty or support for FrEdWriter or FrEdLessons. We will assume responsibility ONLY for disks which fail to arrive o make and share as many copies as you wish. However, you may not sell them. ================================================================= DISCLAIMER ================================================================= These ma====================================================== COPYRIGHT ================================================================= FrEdWriter, FrEdLessons, and FrEdTips are copyrighted, (c) 1986, by CUE Softswap. You are free tother label will be printed out. Continue until the print is centered on the label. 8. When you are satisfied with the appearance of your test label, press the CAPITAL Y key to proceed printing your labels. ===========inter 6. You will see a menu of labels to choose. Type the number of the label you wish to print. 7. One label will be printed to let you adjust your labels. If you need to, adjust your label and press any key. An To run LABELMAKER: 1. Boot the FrEdWriter disk. 2. At the main menu, press CONTROL-C to exit the menu program. 3. Put in this (FrEdTips) disk 4. Type RUN LABELMAKER. 5. Insert your 1-up mailing labels in your pr written to produce labels on an Imagewriter or Imagewriter II printer. It can be modified to work on other printers by changing the print codes in the first few lines to correspond to your own printer. Read your printer manual to find out these codes. he remainder of the files are sample prompted writing and text files referred to by the GUIDE.1 and GUIDE.2 files. LABELMAKER is an Applesoft BASIC program on this disk which will print handy mailing-label size labels for the disks in this series. It wasanklin computers and other Apple II+ look alikes including Apple II+ with Videx enhanced keyboards. CORVUS.MOD tells you how to get FrEd running on a Corvus network. PROMPT.BOXES gives you some helpful insights on how to create prompted writing boxes. T tells you how to use the special features of your printer, such as underlining and bold-faced printing. PRINTER.CODES is a collection of the control codes for most of the popular dot-matrix printers. FRANKLIN.MOD tells you how to modify FrEd to run on Fr additional ordering information, call (415) 685-7265. ================================================================= COPYRIGHT.... AGAIN ================================================================= FrEdLessons  ***************************************** * COMPUTER USING EDUCATORS * ***************************************** * PROGRAM MAY BE COPIED FOR EDUCATIONAL * * USE ONLY & MAY NOT BE SOLD. * * COPYRIGHT (C) 1986, CUE Resource Specialist Memorial Junior High School San Diego, CA May 1986 .page ============================================================ CONTENTS ================== USING FREDWRITER: A WORD PROCESSOR FOR DIRECTED WRITING ======================== by Donald Beck  To re-read printing directions, Use LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW... ======================== TUTORIAL GUIDE FOR  !"#$%&'()*+,-./0123456789:;<=>?@ABCDDOCUMENT", lighted press RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: "FrEdWriter Guide page #" That's all...  Read these prompts first, please... FrEdWriter Guide: Part 1 ======================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. With "PRINT THIS to arrive in working condition. NO OTHER WARRANTY OR GUARANTEE IS MADE AS TO THEIR SUITABILITY FOR ANY PARTICULAR APPLICATION. CUE SoftSwap IS NOT EQUIPPED TO PROVIDE TECHNICAL SUPPORT OR ANSWER QUESTIONS REGARDING THE OPERATION OF FREDWRITER AND ASSOCI== These materials and programs are made available at minimal cost by CUE SoftSwap as a public service. We regret that we are unable to provide any warranty or support for FrEdWriter or FrEdLessons. We will assume responsibility ONLY for disks which fail are free to make and share as many copies as you wish. However, you may not sell them. ================================================================= DISCLAIMER ================================================================================================================================ COPYRIGHT ================================================================= FrEdWriter, FrEdLessons, and FrEdTips are copyrighted, (c) 1986, by CUE Softswap. You, INC. * ***************************************** YOU ARE AT THE END OF THIS FILE: PRESS CTRL-B TO GO TO THE EGINNING OF THIS FILE========================================== INTRODUCTION ......................................... 3 FrEdWriter: A DEMONSTRATION Booting FrEd....................................... 5 Help Screens................utor ............... 6 Editing Screen/Data Line....ESC key ............... 6 Cursor Moves................ARROWS & DELETE key.... 7 Cataloging a Disk...........? or ? .......... 7 Loading a File..............oad filename ....... 8 Paragraph Markers...........ew ................. 11 Prompted Files..................................... 12 Removing Prompts................................... 12 Saving a Prompted File............................. 13 Making a Prompted Fi>eveal .............. 8 Editing a File..............eginning / nd ... 9 Printing: The Print Menu....

rint................ 10 Change Width................idth ............... 11 Saving Files................ave................. 11writers". A new approach is appropriate. o IT GIVES A PRINTED PRODUCT:---All students have equal "handwriting". o IT FREES MORE TIME TO WORK ON WRITING CONTENT:---Use the time it took to "pen" or "pencil" it to paper to develop expression, ideas and content. You will find students "rewrite" willingly -- because the printer "writes" it on paper for them! o IT DEVELOPS COMPUTER SKILLS:---Using W-P students learn to use a computer. For all students this is a practical skill. o STUDENTS summary of FrEd's control-key commands. Notice that most are the first letters of what they do, to remember them more easily. More screens explain individual commands. Plan to browse them later. For now... o Press ESC key :---To leave uommand. It means "Press Control Key and hold it pressed. Then type the letter". means Control-T (hold control pressed as you type T). takes you to the tutor. o Press (control-T) :---The first of several help screens is shown. It gives a Return, several times, :---to go past some title pages. Eventually, you come to a "blank" editing screen, where you will do your writing. The bright top line reminds you the utor is available. Any letter with < > around it is a "control" can 80 column card and a monochrome monitor. Or use 40 columns with a color monitor or a regular TV for clearer letters, or if you want wider letters for easier reading. .page UTOR HELP SCREENS: ----- utor -------------------- o Press-- o Type: 2 :---For now, we will choose go into FrEd. o Type: 4 :---For now, we will choose 40 column display. You are asked to choose 40 or 80 columns: meaning 40 or 80 letters across the screen. You can use 80 column display if you have NT :---Gives you file utilities not available in FrEd itself: delete, copy, lock, unlock documents (text) files. You can view files here too. 7. CREDITS :---Background and development notes on FrEd. TO GET STARTED: ------------ets you put the time/date in for FrEd to save with files. It's a nice feature. 4. FORMAT A NEW DISK :---Prepare a whole disk for new use. 5. COPY A DISK :---Copy a whole disk onto a formatted disk. 6. VIEW, ERASE, OR COPY DOCUMEeturn to this menu. You should see these choices: 1. READ THIS FIRST :---If you booted up the disk knowing nothing about FrEd, you would read this to begin. 2. START FrEdWriter :---This takes you to FrEdWriter. 3. SET TIME & DATE :---This lt W-P. Use FrEd to print them out to paper. BOOTING FRED: ------------ Insert the disk into the drive and "boot", as usual. Before you actually go to FrEd, a menu screen will offer several options. Once you go into FrEd, you would have to re-boot to rON ============================================================ This module introduces some of FrEd's basic features to get you started. FrEd does have more features, covered in the documentation files on disk, which you can explore as you learn more abouboth independent and prompted writing activities, easily made by the user with no extra programs/disks needed. Ready? Let's see what FrEd's all about. .page ============================================================ FREDWRITER: A DEMONSTRATIstep-by-step "directions" to lead a student through an activity. When the student has finished reading and writing into the file, "prompt boxes" can be removed, leaving only the student's writing. o FrEdWriter is the only W-P program designed for at any grade level. As well, FrEd is the only W-P program designed to make and use directed writing activities. o FrEd lets you make and use "prompted files" for guided writing activities. Prompted files display "prompt boxes" on screen with LIKE IT!---The best reason of all! WHY IS FREDWRITER SO WELL SUITED FOR EDUCATION? ----------------------------------------------- o FrEdWriter offers a range of W-P features for both beginner and expert. Use FrEd for independent writing activitiestor screens & return to editing. EDITING SCREEN & DATA LINE: ------ ESC key -------------------------- The bright line at the top is called the "data line". It shows you: the size of the file in memory (SIZE: 0 for now because there is no writing) and reminds you of the utor. o Press ESC :---The data line changes to a scale numbering the columns across the screen. (NOTE: left margin is 0.) o Press ESC again :---The top line disappears altogether. o Press ESC again :---The data lineginning of your text, from anywhere. o Use (control-E) :---to take the cursor to the nd of your text, from anywhere. Notice that this file is like a "form" to be filled in. To practice cursor movements, you will fill in the form. PleaseE>nd -------------- o Use the Arrow Keys. :---Push that cursor around, all over the place! Try going up and see how the cursor wanders left and right as it goes up (and not directly up). o Use (control-B) :---to take the cursor to the gle to REVEAL or hide returns. NOTE: will not delete returns. Even when the white squares with P's are not showing, the returns are still there. will reveal exactly where returns have been typed. .page EDITING A FILE: ----- eginning, will let you toggle between showing returns or not showing them. o Press (Control-R) :---You should see all the white squares with P's in them disappear. o Press again :---The white squares come back. o Use :---as a togh marker". Or more simply, each one marks when the RETURN key was used. You will use RETURN only when you wish to end a paragraph or insert a blank line. FrEd boots up with these markers showing, to let you see exactly where text has been "chunked" into pursor's position and push the cursor ahead. The cursor winds up at the end of the file. PARAGRAPH MARKERS ----- eveal ----------------- You have no doubt noticed the white squares with P's inside them. The P is to remind you it is a "paragrapG A FILE: ----- oad filename -------------- o After cataloging :---the load prompt should have reappeared. o Type: WORKSHOP :---Press Return and the disk whirrs... o You will see the end of WORKSHOP :---Files are loaded onto the screen at the che disk. Notice the date and time displays. We will load in the file named WORKSHOP. NOTE: Catalog is not finished UNITL the oad or ave prompt reappears. You may have to press RETURN one or more times to finish cataloging. .page LOADINog is done through oad or ave. o Remove FrEd :---and put in the Prompted Files disk. o Type :---The load prompt appears at screen bottom. o Type ? :---Press return. The disk whirrs... o You will see a Catalog, :---a listing of files on t, it may dart left and right as it goes, moving around untyped areas. You need some text to see it happen. So, let's get some. CATALOGING A DISK: --- oad ? or ave ? ----------------- We will catalog a disk to see what files we can get. Cataleady "typed" in: letters, symbols, spaces, or paragraph markers. Because the screen is empty now, the cursor has nothing to move across. Remember this later, to understand how FrEd's cursor moves up or down text: instead of moving directly up or downs to the cursor's left: the cursor is like a Pac-man and "gobbles" them into oblivion. o Press DELETE :---repeatedly until the screen is blank again. If you try the arrow keys now, the cursor won't move. The cursor only moves over characters alrk screen now. The cursor shows where you are typing. ARROW KEYS will move the cursor over any text on the screen. o Type: any bunch of characters :---about 10 or so will do. o Press DELETE key to remove some characters :---Delete removes lettere comes back. ESC will toggle you between any of these three displays, whichever suits you while you write. .page CURSOR MOVES -- ARROWS, DELETE ------------ The CURSOR is the blinking square of light. It should be at the top left of your blan start at the eginning. Remember how to get there? o Press :---to get there, and then answer questions, finish sentences, etc. Begin with "worksheet" activities like this in class, to learn cursor movements. o REMEMBER: Most keys work like a typewriter. :---Well, almost! You won't use Return to go to the next line, except to end a paragraph or make a blank line. o NOTICE: White squares with P's :---These are paragraph markers to show where Returns are typed. When you get -because the file is now different. Press return and the file is saved. o Use ? to catalog :---Is your file listed? CLEARING THE SCREEN: ---- ew text, Erase memory ------------------- When you wish to work on a different document, yck to 38 wide. SAVING FILES: ----- ave ------------ You can ave this file if you like. Your first file! Why not? And learn about aving too... o Press :---The file name you loaded in is still there. o Type a new name over it :--e the cursor right :---across one of these lines. When you get near the edge, the whole screen "scrolls" to the left to let you keep going right. You can as wide as 239. FrEd scrolls up/down and left/right. o Press :---and set it baditing screen. o Type :---Enter 20, to set it to 20 wide. Press return and the screen re-formats itself as you watch. o Try other values :---25, 30, 35, 79. o NOTICE :---for more than 40 some lines go off-screen to the right. o Movnting. .page CHANGE WIDTH: ----- idth ------------ This lets you set how wide your text is on screen. FrEd is now set for 38, the "default width". You have to go to the Print menu to read its current value. BUT you use to change it from the eENT :---should be lighted. o Press Return :---As FrEd prints your file to the screen, you will notice paragraph markers don't print. You may have to press Return several times to finish printing. FrEd returns to the editing screen when done priINATION o Press Return :---SCREEN changes back to PRINTER as the destination for printing. Return "toggles" the choice. o Arrow once more :---to light up PRINT DESTINATION o Press Return :---Leave FrEd set to print to SCREEN. o PRINT A DOCUMiting screen. (Notice it doesn't light!) Let's try changing a setting... o Arrow up or down :---to light up PRINT DESTINATION o Press Return :---PRINTER changes to SCREEN as the destination for printing. o Arrow again :---to light up PRINT DESTEd won't let you type or print past column 38 for now. ARROWS move the highlighting up and down the menu, from one item to another. To change the current setting for the lighted item, press Return. One exception: LINE LENGTH is changed from the ed on the screen. o You see: PRINT A DOCUMENT :---at the top is highlighted. o You also see: LINE LENGTH :---This tells the current width for your document page. We are in 40 column display and the "default" or pre-set width is 38. It means Frge PRINTING: THE PRINT MENU -----

rint ------------------------ When you've finished editing, your "document" in memory is ready to print -- to the screen or to a printer. To do this you go to the Print Menu. o Type

. :---The Print Menu appearscursor. In the middle of lines, these letters are "inserted" into the line. The rest of the line is pushed ahead, to the right of the cursor. FrEd's cursor is always an "inserting cursor". o Try :---some typing; work with PRACTICE.1 and PRACTICE.2 .paistakes, use DELETE to remove them. Remember: it "gobbles" to the left. Get used to the touch of the Apple //e. If you hold a key too long, it repeats! Put the cursor where you want to type or make changes, . As you type, letters will appear at the near the end of a screen line, don't worry about typing off the edge. If a word would be "cut off" at the end of the line, the whole word is pulled to the next line. It's called "word-wrap", because the word wraps around to the next line. If you make mou will want to clear the screen and memory to prepare for the new text you will work with. ew is the command to let you do this. After using , you can begin from scratch again or oad in another file to work on. o Type then Y :---FrEd always asks for "Y" to confirm that you really do want to clear memory. Press return and the screen will clear. The data line says SIZE: 0. .page PROMPTED FILES: -------------- Now that you're familiar with FrEd's basics, let's look at a "prompted w Prompted files really are simple to make! For your own records, you can print "prompt boxes" to the screen or printer, changing the item PRINT PROMPTS on the Print Menu to YES. The sample (SAMPLE.BKRPT) at the end was printed in this fashion. .page mpted file: making boxes and filling them with directions. You can type into a box as you make it OR make a box first and then type into it. o When done, :---Use to save it, giving it a name that helps you identify it later easily. SEE? -P :---to go into prompt mode. Now you can put the cursor inside the prompt box to write. o When done, press OPEN-APPLE-P :---again to leave prompt mode. Move cursor out of box and it won't go back in. o Repeat the process :---and make up a proto the box, only "click" around it. Arrow up and down "over" the box to see. You just made a prompt box. You can make it taller or shorter, with more or fewer "returns" typed between top and bottom. It's as easy as A to Z ! o Press OPEN-APPLE a top bar. o Press RETURN :---several times to make a left side line. Each Return makes your box one line longer. o Press OPEN-APPLE-Z :---to make a bottom bar. This also takes you out of the prompt mode. That is, the cursor will not go int file you must go to "prompt mode". In prompt mode you can construct prompt boxes and write into them. o Press :---Clear memory with ew to begin a new file. o Press OPEN-APPLE-P :---to go into PROMPT mode. o Press OPEN-APPLE-A :---to maket :---because the file is now different. Press return and the file is saved. o Use ? to catalog. :---Is your file listed on the disk? .page MAKING A PROMPTED FILE: ---- OPEN-APPLE with P, A, & Z ---------------------- To make a prompthout them. You could leave them to continue work later (if not done with prompted writing time) or remove prompts and save the file without prompts. o Press :---Notice the name of the file you loaded in is still there. o Type a new name over ieady to edit, make additions, etc. SEE? Prompted files are easy to use!! .page SAVING PROMPTED FILES: ----- ave --------------------- You can ave this file if you like. Your second file! By the way, you can save a file with prompts or wi ----- OPEN-APPLE-P (in prompt mode) ---------------- Let's remove the prompts from the file, permanently. o Hold OPEN-APPLE and press P :---to go into PROMPT MODE. o Hold OPEN-APPLE and press R :---Presto, magic: no prompts! Just your writing, rhighlighted. Press return. As FrEd prints to the screen, notice the prompts are not printed. Only your writing prints! o You return to the Editing screen :---when FrEd is done printing. The prompt boxes are still there. REMOVING PROMPTS: through all the "prompt boxes". To see ONLY your writing as you work, you can print it to the screen anytime... o Press

:---to go to the print menu. It should already be set for printing to the screen. o You see: PRINT DOCUMENT :---is elow the first prompt box. Notice, the cursor goes through the box automatically. o Type under the Prompt Box :---following the directions. When done, cursor past the next prompt box. Follow directions and "write" some more. Continue riting" file. We will load in a prompted file. o Type :---To get to the oad prompt. o Type: PERSON.PROMPT o Press Return. ---To oad PERSON.PROMPT in. o Press :---to go to the file's beginning. o Down Arrow :---so the cursor moves b============================================================ MORE ACTIVITES TO HELP YOU LEARN FREDWRITER ============================================================ This guide has reviewed some basics of using FrEdWriter. Take FrEd with you and continue using it. As you use FrEd more, what might seem confusing now will become clearer, especially as you work with students! SOME ACTIVITIES TO DO: --------------------- o Use utor :---and read the other screens about FrEd's commands. o Use FrEd :- page #" --Parts 1 & 2 together form the  complete FrEdWriter Guide. That's all...  To re-read printing directions, Use LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW... ===========EGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ[\]^_`abcdefghijklmnopqrstNUMBER to 17.  3. With "PRINT THIS DOCUMENT", lighted press RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT / DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: "FrEdWriter Guide  Read these prompts first, please... FrEdWriter Guide: Part 2 ======================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. Set FIRST PAGE eady to read and print Press (Control-B) to Beginopt-A-School partner provided a lab of computers! o START USING IT IN CLASS!!! :---Most important of all. You will learn a lot as you use it in class.  FrEdWriter Guide: Part 1 ======================== A First Tutorial Guide for FrEd RSpecial Ed, graphics, etc) that meet monthly through the year. --Your PTA, Classroom Parents, Adopt-A-School Partner--- You never know until you ask! A volunteer may be available to help in the classroom, help you and the class! One Ad Educators) :---Several thousand members in Califonria. CUE has a directory of members to find others to help you. Join CUE! CUE has many SIG's (Special Interest Group) made up of teachers with interests in specific areas (Bilingual Ed, e!) or call your TEC Center directly. --Your Own School: Ask. Speak up and push for some if not there now. .page o Find computer-using friends :---and cultivate friendships! --Join a computer users group, such as: --CUE (Computer UsingStaff Development Office. Make requests!! --TEC Centers: Regional TEC Centers in California (or equivalent in other states) offer computer classes through the year for teachers. Check bulletins at your school (bug them if not availablar, brief tutorial chapter. FrEd has most Applewriter features, except: (1) printing is simplified and (2) disk work is simplified (only SAVE and LOAD). o Watch for classes :---on FrEd or Applewriter through: --Your District: Check with your ou are a student too! You'll think of even better things to do. o Teach :---your aide and/or other teachers. o If you have Applewriter :---ProDOS version, FrEd's mother, much of the tutorial disk applies to FrEd. The Applewriter manual has a cle--for things you would type for yourself: making worksheets for class, notes to send home, or typing tests, etc. o Try out :---some "prompted files". o Plan and make :---some more "prompted files". o Try out :---the student activities listed here. Y================================================= EQUIPMENT AND SUPPLIES ============================================================ You are now ready to use FrEd in your class. You will need access to an Apple //e computer -- and a printer would be nice. If you don't have a printer, you can print after class somewhere else. During class, "print" to the screen. SUPPLIES: -------- o DISKETTES -- about $10.00 for box of 10. Put a "notch" on the opposite side and you can use both sides of a disk. o PRIin this module. It can be on the wall, next to the computer or a "template strip" just above the keyboard for reference. o GIVE A FIRST DEMO TO THE WHOLE CLASS, using a large screen TV if possible. The keyboard is new to many students, so you ---------------- o COVER THE THREE MOST IMPORTANT FEATURES FIRST, following a sequence similar to this guide: -cursor movements -loading files. -saving files o MAKE A CHART/HANDOUT LISTING CONTROL-KEY COMMANDS for FrEd. Use the page e. o HAVE STUDENTS USE ANOTHER TYPE OF PROGRAM FIRST, before using FrEd, such as: -Apple Presents Apple (keyboard demo disk) -Typing games --- Type Attack, Master Type -Print Shop (if you have a printer), etc. .page THEN: FrEdWriter.ly into the drive! o DEMONSTRATE STARTING UP A COMPUTER: -Turn on monitor -Insert program disk into drive -Close the "garage door" (drive door), -THEN turn on computer. -NEVER turn on the computer without a disk in the drivdestructable, short of deliberate intent. The most vulnerable part seems to be the disk drive. Remind students that each drive is about $300. and that you can't use the computer without it. Curious fingers have been expensive culprits. Disks ondling -Show students inside a diskette (cut open an old one) It is worth the expense to "sacrifice" one diskette, open it and let students see it. -Explain "write protect" notch NOTE: You will find the computer is pretty much inuter experiences o DISCUSS PARTS OF COMPUTER: monitor, keyboard, disk drive, diskettes, program disk, printer, printer paper. Take it apart and put it together with them watching... o DISCUSS USING DISKETTES -Demonstrate proper diskette hanroblems in learning W-P and share them with students. As with other areas, teaching W-P is just another "mutual learning" experience. Some points to cover:. FIRST: Computer Basics. ----------------------- o Use GETTING STARTED activities for first compss. And they can do it for themselves! .page ============================================================ STUDENT ACTIVITIES ============================================================ Sequence activities as you do other subjects. Remember your own pm "reads" your writing and then shows you words not found in its dictionary. You make corrections and it puts them in for you. A speller is useful in writing because it lets students "scan" writing for "errors" and takes them through the correction proceSIGNMENTS disk 1 CLASS DISK 8 disks for backups etc Pin feed paper 1 box of 2800 sheets ............ $ 20.00 ANOTHER PROGRAM TO CONSIDER: --------------------------- Sensible Speller: ProDOS version. :---Retail: $125.00 A Speller progra W-P) ............. -free- Apple Presents Apple (keyboard demo) ............ w/computer Apple Presents Applewriter ................... w/Applewriter Supplies--- Diskettes 4 boxes of 10 ea (@ $10. ea box) ..... $ 40.00 30 STUDENT disks 1 ASe is very convenient, but you can use boxes diskettes come in. AN EXAMPLE: ---------- If you have access to a computer and printer, cost to begin will be diskettes and paper. This example is for 30 students: Software--- FrEdWriter (prompted & generalNTER PIN FEED PAPER -- about $15-20 for 2800 sheets. 8-1/2" x 11" tear off perforation. White bond. o PRINTER RIBBONS -- from $3.00 to $13.00 (depending on printer) 1-2 per year. o DISKETTE STORAGE CASE -- under $20.00 for case to store 50. A caswill have to explain how typewriter keys work as you go through using FrEd: BOOTING UP FrEd: use 40 columns to introduce CAPS LOCK KEY: to type caps only. SHIFT KEY USE: for symbols & upper case WORD-WRAP: that words aren't broken up ARROW KEYS: for moving cursor DELETE KEY: to remove letters to the cursor left RETURN KEY: to break paragraphs only SCROLLING: that text is not "gone" CONTROL KEYS: means Control + Key y drawn and saved (as with LOGO, KOALA PAD) Then, use FrEd to print a letter or other writing onto it. o Use DAZZLE DRAW. --Make and print pictures (They are half page.) --This is especially spectacular with color pictures, if yos: o Use PRINT SHOP. --Stationery section: ---Make custom stationary. --Sign section: ---Make a sign with only a border --Screen Magic section: ---Make a half page picture using Kalideoscopes or use it to print any picture alread----------- If you are not using a computer at present and are beginning with W-P, computer time should not be only W-P. As motivation, reward, and just a break from routine, use other programs once in awhile. Some combine well with W-P. Some exampleISH STANDARDS TO BECOME A COMPUTER EXPERT. Define skills to be mastered about computer and program use. A COMPUTER EXPERT can help other students. All students could become EXPERTS. .page ONCE IN AWHILE...A CHANGE OF PACE: ----------------------o define "roles". One student is "ON THE COMPUTER" and the other is "ADVISOR". Make sure EACH one gets equal time. They can trade off during one computer time period or from day to day. Some assignments might have both "ON" at once. o ESTABLompted files: introduce new writing processes -Independent writing: Short assignments -Independent writing: Longer assignments -Editing each other's work o HAVE STUDENTS WORK IN PAIRS, HELPING EACH OTHER. This works best, but it helps t Look over your writing program for suitable activities. -Dictate words, sentences to type in. -Write sentences using spelling or dictated words. -Take a spelling test on screen -Worksheet files: Any writing worksheet as a file -Pril: -Load the "worksheet file". -Find errors and changes to make -Use cursor movements to get there -Make corrections, changes, fill in -Print it out/save it to their disk o SEQUENCE NEXT ACTIVITIES FROM EASY TO MORE DIFFICULT. sk to see it is still there -Clear the memory -Catalog disk again: still there! o CURSOR MOVEMENTS ARE BEST TAUGHT BY EDITING FILES. Make "worksheet" files that review work students know: punctuation, spelling, capitalization. Students wi -Catalog their disk. -Clear it from memory and load it in again. -Catalog their disk. o AN IMPORTANT FIRST CONCEPT TO COVER: LOADING BRINGS A COPY OF A FILE INTO THE COMPUTER. Original is still on disk. -Load in a file -Catalog diturn key does: is it needed at line's end? -Explain Control, Escape, Apple keys: for your program -Load in a file: push it all around .page o PRACTICE LOADING AND SAVING FILES. -Load a file from one disk. -Save it to their disk. puter they can try: -Boot up the program -Type in anything and then delete it. -Type caps, lower case: using caps lock/shift key -Type symbols using shift key -Type in their last name, then insert first before it. -See what re(some students more so than others). YOU MIGHT TRY SOME TYPING PROGRAMS TO GET THEM USED TO FINDING KEYS. Keyboarding skill requirements are up to you to determine. o TRY THESE FIRST EXPERIENCES WITH FRED, as students have their time on the com LOAD A FILE: (Control L) + filename HELP SCREENS: (Control-T) tutorial, commands list ESC: toggles top "Data Line" o Since there is no order to where letters are located, it will take awhile to learn where keys are u have a color printer. Try printing the Monarch picture from the backside of Dazzle Draw. Then, use FrEd to write a story, letter, etc. under it. The FrEdLessons Disks have complete Unit Lesson plans for planning writing activities, of which computer time is only a small portion of your activities. Plan to review the methodology of some/all of the disks to get ideas (and disks!) for your use. SHARE THEM TOO! .page ============================================================ USING FREDBoot FrEd. -Put the disk with the file you want into the drive. -Press ? to catalog disk -Find file on the listing; get exact spelling. -Press . again. -Type: name of the file -FrEd will load your file into memory. ------------------ You will need time to organize prompted or worksheet files for use. Instead of preparing dittoes you will make or choose files. Use ave to put them on ASSIGNMENT disk. o Putting a file onto ASSIGNMENT disk from another disk: -o When you don't print out in class, make students responsible for "turning in" work on the CLASS disk. OR o If students print their own work, make them responsible for "turning in" the printed copy. .page PREPARING AN ASSIGNMENT DISK: ----------he same drive for all disks. It's nice not to have to "fiddle" with ProDOS pathnaming... REVIEWING STUDENT WORK: ---------------------- Either the PRINTED COPY or the CLASS disk with all students' current work will be your means of collecting work. you won't have to worry about "pathnames" if you work with disks in one drive only (even if you have two). When you change disks, FrEd doesn't mind; the system sets itself automatically to the disk you have put into the drive. After booting, stick with tver name you want: use ASSIGNMENT or CLASS.PER3 for your assignment or class disks. o Enter the name and press return to format the disk. o Repeat the process for other disks. Changing disks when using FrEd: ---Although FrEd is written in ProDOS, ollow Menu/Instructions. o You will be asked to name the disk (or VOLUME as ProDOS calls it). ALL PRODOS DISKS MUST HAVE A NAME. Up to 15 characters: letters or periods (but not beginning) and no spaces. A disk's name is its PREFIX. o Use what eRKING WITH ProDOS DISKS: -------------------------------------------- Preparing any disk for use: ---FrEd is written in ProDOS format. You will have to format (also known as initialize) disks for ProDOS. Use the Files Utility available as FrEd boots. F as their own. This disk collects their work for you. You would have one CLASS disk for each class. Have students date their work: either in the text or filename or both. A filename might be: JIM.LETTER.9.23, etc. .page NOTES ON PREPARING/WO work. If printing during class is not practical, use a CLASS disk, described next... or both if you wish. o CLASS disk: --- This disk would be a disk with current student work to be printed. Students would save their work to this disk, as wellill need to work out a file naming system: initials + file name, etc. o PRINTOUTS: --- If you have a printer, students can turn in their work by making a printed copy. You can then review, mark for further editing, etc. and give it back for moretudent can have his/her own disk, it is simplest to use a copy of FrEdWriter without the documentation files. There is enough room on the disk for many files and you can notch the disk to use the backside as well. If students share a disk, they wy prepared files to use in class that day. Students load the assigned file from this disk. Instructions to prepare this disk are further on. Write-protect during class, to prevent adding or "saving over" files. o STUDENT disks: --- If each s IN CLASS ============================================================ DOING CLASS ASSIGNMENTS: ----------------------- A "disk management system" will help you "hand out", "save" and "collect" student work. o ASSIGNMENT disk: --- This is a disk with an -Place ASSIGNMENT disk in drive -Type -Type: name you want to appear on ASSIGNMENT disk. -Press Return and it will save the file with the name you gave. Use a simple name like "LETTER" or "STORY" --- something clear for easy use. o Try out all assignments on yourself to preview any pitfalls! Try them out after you load it onto the ASSIGNMENTS disk, just as your students will, to make sure it copied correctly. o After awhile, you will need to remove old files from ker = OPEN APPLE-DOWN ARROW DELTE TEXT: ========== Delete character to left of cursor = DELETE Key Delete from cursor to: Left Margin = OPEN APPLE-DELETE MOVE TEXT (up to 256 characters): ======nto text ESC = Changes top line = QUIT FrEdWriter (reboot to opening Menu) CATALOG = ? or ? MOVE UP to next paragraph marker = OPEN APPLE-UP ARROW MOVE DOWN to next paragraph mar = Change page WIDTH = FIND or replace text = CHANGE CASE: upper <--> lower = Center line = Accept commands into text TAB = Types five spaces iAVE file to disk

= PRINT the document = Jump to BEGINNING = Jump to END = REVEAL/hide paragraph markers = Clear memory for NEW text FREDWRITER COMMANDS SUMMARY ========================================== (for: Apple //e and Apple //c) = TUTOR help screens = LOAD file to memory = Sou liked the story. ** **************************************** [P] [P] **************************************** ** ** Sample Book Report ** ** ** Press to go to the beginning. ** **************************************** .page **************************************** ** ** Tell about something you ** learned from the story. ** ** **************************************** [P] **************************************** ** ** Write some sentences about ** why y************************************* by [P] [P] **************************************** ** ** Write several sentences about ** the story. What happens? ** Where? When? ** **************************************** [P] .page boxes. ** **************************************** **************************************** ** ** ** Write the title. ** **************************************** [P] **************************************** ** ** Write the author. ** *** [P] **************************************** ** ** TYPE YOUR NAME AND THE DATE ABOVE. ** ** USE ARROWS TO MOVE DOWN ** ** DO NOT USE RETURN ** ================= ** ** ** You will write a book report. ** ** Write under the ================ APPENDICES ================ .page Example Prompted File: SAMPLE.BOOKRPT ====================================== [P] = Paragraph Marker (return) Name: [P] Date: using W-P in the class. It's an exciting area of cooperative sharing of ideas, uses and materials developed. o BE PREPARED FOR MANY SURPRISES o BE PREPARED TO OBTAIN WRITING FROM STUDENTS YOU WOULD NOT HAVE THOUGHT POSSIBLE!! .page ing instruction. Decide what activities would be good for (1) prompted, (2) independent or (3) worksheet types of activity. Then... o GO FOR IT !!! o TRY IT OUT ... REVISE AS NECESSARY! o SET UP A NETWORK: Contact and network with other teachers the ASSIGNMENT disk. Use the Files Utility available when FrEd first boots. Follow menu/instructions and remove files you no longer need on the disk. PLANNING WRITING ASSIGNMENTS ---------------------------- Look at what you cover in your writ============================ o Pick up text = OPEN APPLE-LEFT-ARROW o Move cursor to new location o Put out text = OPEN APPLE-RIGHT-ARROW PROMPT MODE (to make or edit Prompt Boxes): =========================================== ON/OFF Toggle = OPEN APPLE-P With Prompt Mode ON: Make Box Top Bar = OPEN APPLE-A Make Box Side Bar = RETURN Make Box End Bar puter do certain things. "FrEdWriter" is a "program" to make the computer work as a word processor. RETURN KEY: In writing text, inserts a marker to signal a break in text between "paragraph chunks". At other points in a progr: Where information is stored in the computer. In W-P the screen shows you the part of memory where text is stored. MONITOR: The TV screen. MOTHERBOARD: The "main" circuit board of the computer. PROGRAM: A set of instructions to make the com memory. "k" (48k, 64k or 128k): Tells how large a computer's "memory" is in units called "bytes". "64k" means "64,000 bytes" of memory. A byte holds about one character. KEYBOARD: Keys used to enter information onto the screen. MEMORYrary". It can also mean the "text" you are working on, on the screen. HELP SCREEN: Information or tutor screen (listing commands, etc) that temporarily replaces your writing on the screen. LOAD: To read a copy of a file from diskette into by a printer, but not printed to paper. ESCape KEY: Special key on the keyboard. It usually has a special function that varies from program to program. FILE: An item stored on a diskette. A "file" on a "disk" is like a "book" in a "libDITING: Working with text on the screen, changing it by adding, deleting, moving, rearranging. .page EMBEDDED: Refers to "characters" mixed in with (embedded in) your text on screen. They are printing instructions intercepted, readere are two Apple "disk operating systems": DOS 3.3 and ProDOS. Programs come with whichever one they need on the disk. Apples with 64k can use either one. DISK DRIVE: The machine that "plays" diskettes, saving and loading files. Elastic "record" sealed inside a square cover. The "floppy" disk inside is used to save or load programs like a cassette tape is used to record/play music. DOS: Disk Operating System, refers to how the computer works with disks. Thy is, show column number, etc. DEFAULT SETTINGS: When booting up, initial values for page margins, line width, line spacing, etc. are called "default settings". You can use these (by default) or change them. DISK or DISKETTE: Small p program for control key commands. CURSOR: A blinking square, box, or underline that shows you where on the screen you are typing. DATA LINE: Some programs display an "information line" at top or bottom of the screen to tell how full memorOL KEY: When pressed at the same time as another key, performs a special action. Just like "shift" makes keys type "caps" or "symbols" instead of lower-case or numbers, the control key gives some keys other meanings. Check your atures. (Apple II+,e) CATALOG: Directory or listing of "files" stored on a disk CHIP: Small black rectangular parts sitting on circuit boards in the computer. Chips contain microscopic electrical circuits that make the computer go. CONTR disk" or "boot up a program" CAPS LOCK: Key that locks (when down) all letter keys to upper case. (Apple //e,c) CARD: Small circuit board, about as tall as an "index card". By fitting it into a "slot" on the motherboard, you add fe = OPEN APPLE-Z Remove prompts = OPEN APPLE-R .page ============================================================ SOME WORD-PROCESSING TERMS ============================================================ BOOT: To start up, as "boot aam, Return is used to tell the computer to continue. SAVE: "Store" a copy of the file in memory onto a diskette. SCROLLING: As you fill the screen with your typing, some lines will "scroll" off the screen. Text is only out of view, not "gone". Moving the cursor can bring it back to view. SLOT: Place where a "card" (small circuit board) can be added to the main circuit board to add features. (Apple II+,e) TEXT CARD or "80 COLUMN TEXT CARD": Small circuit board that mak  To re-read printing directions, Use LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW... ============== USERS' TIPS uwxyz{|}~CUMENT", lighted press RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT / DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: "FrEdWriter User Tips page #" That's all...  Read these prompts first, please... FrEdWriter Users' Tips ====================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. With "PRINT THIS DOLinda Vista Road. 292-3639  FrEdWriter Guide: Part 2 ======================== Ideas, Activities & Appendices Ready to read and print Press (Control-B) to Beginontinents. Contact: Margaret Rile. San Diego CUE (Computer Using Educators): Meets monthly at County School Complex. Contact TEC Center for specific information for meetings and contacts to join. San Diego TEC Center: County Schools Complex, nects with Intercultural Network writing exchanges as well. Contact: Esteban Diaz at UCSD. Intercultural Network: Project at UCSD using Writer's Assistant materials has formed a network for student writing exchanges spanning several croject to improve reading skills of minority elementary/secondary students. Includes writing on the computer with Writer's Assistant. Will provide computers and uiversity students for practicum placement to work with your students. Conegular Ed computer curriculum and materials. For example, district's Explore 7 Computer Literacy Program San Diego Area: Community Educational Resource and Research Center: Project at UCSD in Psychology Department. A long term study per related items. Staff Development: Quarterly bulletin "Discover" lists courses offered through the semester for district personnel. For additional information call their office. District Computer Resource Office: For information about Raken each semester for yearly California Teacher Improvement Project grants up to $2000 per teacher. Special Projects Office. Purchasing Office: Ask for person in charge of computer purchasing for information on costs and ordering of comput============================================ RESOURCE CONTACTS ============================================================ SD Unified School District External Funding Grants: "Classroom Teacher Instructional Improvement Program." Applications tes letters narrow to show 80 letters across the screen. WRAP-AROUND (or WORD-WRAP): Words will not be "split" from one line to another. When a word would be split, wrap-around pulls the "whole word" to the next line. .page ================ ON FREDWRITER ============== By Donald Beck Resource Specialist Memorial Junior High School San Diego, CA May 1986 .page ============================================================ TIPS ON USING FREDWRITER ============================================================ o Think of the FrEd disk as two sepaile on the disk. It will ask if you really want to do this the first time in a session you do it. o Save your work every once in a while: ---Every 10-15 min for long periods of work. Make back-up copies of files that are important. o Loading s return to get back to the editing screen. .page o Type = (equals sign) at the ave prompt: ---If you want to save under the name already showing. Then press RETURN. o aving with the same name: ---will save the file in memory over the fwhen they haven't -- explain "bad pathname" remark AND remind them to always watch for the red light on the drive to go on. o If you end up in SAVE or LOAD, and you don't wish to save or load, move cursor as far left as you can and pres Expect to review saving files many times: ---Students seem to get confused easily with: (1) valid names (no spaces, too long, etc.). (2) typing over old names (delete won't delete, just moves cursor to left.) (3) think they've saved ving a PRODOS ERROR message. For some "unacceptable filenames" (symbols, commas, etc), FrEd knows they are invalid and won't continue with the save or load. So, always watch for the red light on the drive to see that FrEd does save or load. o DELETE will not remove them.) o Acceptable filenames in ProDOS: - Up to 15 characters long - Must begin with a letter - After first character: letters, numbers, periods - NO SPACES o Sometimes FrEd may refuse to save or load without gi-------- o When you type in a filename to save or load, you can type over another name already there. Any letters at or after the cursor will be chopped. You do not need to remove letters under or after the cursor. (In fact, you will notice that middle of a paragraph, a sentence beginning on the left edge of the screen will display with a space that you can't remove. It's only a quirk in FrEd's screen display. It will print correctly. SAVING and LOADING FILES TIPS ---------------------menu. This makes it easier to verify when files were saved, for current or older work. .page o You can move up to 256 characters: ---When using OPEN- APPLE-LEFT/RIGHT ARROW, if you reach the limit, you cannot take in more. o Sometimes, in the of Fred with students, you may find a disk won't boot. Recopying Fred solves it, unless the disk is bad. o Think of spaces and returns as characters: ---They can be inserted or deleted as needed. o Use the SET TIME & DATE option: ---On opening ed as your student disks. Students have their own copy of FrEd and their work... o To understand the PRINT MENU more clearly: ---Pressing RETURN will do whatever item is highlighted. ESC will take you out of print menu. o When first using copiessure how to do something, using a file you have a copy of elswhere, TRY IT OUT! o Fred boots to 80 columns and you chose 40: ---No problem, just reboot. o For student disks: ---Use copies of the FrEdWriter disk with the documentation files remov in memory. The computer is FrEd until you (reboot). o CONTROL RESET: ---Will almost always take you to editing screen, if you get stuck or hung up elsewhere in FrEd. o Explore using FrEd: ---If after reading instructions, you are not rate programs: --MAIN MENU at boot: ---Although other items bring you back to the main menu when done, once you go into Fred, you have to uit Fred (reboot) to get back to this menu. --FRED: ---Once you go into FrEd, all of FrEd isin a file only loads a COPY of what's on disk. Saving a file only saves a COPY of memory to the disk. o Before loading in a new file: ---Clear memory with ew. With scrolling of a file up and out of view, some students don't undertand a saved file is still in memory and load in a new file: adding onto a file in memory, or loading several copies of the same one... o Inside FrEd you can only SAVE or LOAD files: ---Other disk and files utilities are available out of the opening menu. PRe. Sometimes students don't realize their file was not saved, if they used a name unacceptable to ProDOS, etc. -Have students be sure to catalog after booting with . Some have used and without thinking try to "load" a file at es, identifying current files, etc. o LOADING/SAVING files ---Several problems can occur with SAVING and LOADING files. -After SAVING a file, have students catalog to see that old/new files are saved by checking: (1) size and/or (2) datruction to the computer to: "Go to the next line NOW". When you want to go to the next line NOW, to type more text, use RETURN. o Use SET DATE/TIME option: ---from Main Program Menu before going to FrEdWriter. This helps telling old from new fileem to understand quickly about "wrap-around", that is, not using return at the end of lines within paragraphs. Many seem to extend this to not using RETURN at all, typing spaces to get to the next line, etc. Explain that RETURN key is an instions you would type again already inside. Load it in, fill in the rest of the file and save it with a new name. .page TEACHING TIPS: ------------- o Using RETURN key: ---Correct use by students will take some explanation and practice. Students s new text up. To keep prompts in view, such as a word bank (word list), as a student types, place them in the top of the prompt box below the cursor. o Make a prompted file blank: ---Have the first and last boxes already constructed with instruct5 for 80 columns). Text will be displayed as it really is, ready for final editing. o A prompt box gradually scrolls up out of view when a student types many lines below it. The reason: FrEd's cursor remains at the middle of the screen, scrollinge file may appear to have extra spaces on lines. This is an idiosyncracy of FrEd's display. The easiest way to remove these stray spacings is to use idth. Use to change width and then, again, back to the default (38 for 40 columns, 6returns will form a paragraph. o Experiment with prompt boxes: ---You may write into boxes as you make them or make boxes first and fill them later. It is up to you. Use whichever way is simpler for you. o After removing prompts from a file, thf the first response and two more returns under the box for the last response. (The second return will add a blank line between paragraphs.) When you set up for paragraphs, think of how the file will be without prompts: all responses between 2 s return... - a paragraph marker: means prompt mode off - a side bar: means prompt mode on Delete the character and continue. o Prompted files can be set to chunk several responses into paragraphs. Place two returns before the prompt box ot. If loaded onto a 40 column screen, the longer lines will "wrap around", break the boxes and the cursor will stop inside boxes. .page o In Prompt Mode the screen looks the same: --You can't tell except by using it. A quick way to see: press, to exchange with other teachers. 40 column prompting files can be used in 40 or 80 column display. With 80 columns prompt files, show it in the filename, (such as, REPORT.PET.80). 80 column prompted files can only be used in 80 column formaOMPTED FILES TIPS: ------------------- o Put a title for a prompting file at the end of a file in a box. Include instructions to use to go to the beginning. When loaded, you will see the title box. o In general, make prompted files in 40 columnthe Save prompt. The blank memory is then saved over their file---and their file is lost. -When loading in another file, remind students to clear memory with for a "new document". Some load files on top of other files and end up saving "multiple" files. o In W-P you need erase only errors! ---Many students want to "delete" all writing to get back to errors, which means re-typing much text. It helps to emphasize writing in several steps. First, write to get your ideas do  Read these prompts first, please... Embedded Printer Codes ====================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. With "PRINT THIS DOing commas, with symbols, etc) FrEd will abandon save or load without giving a PRODOS ERROR message.  FrEdWriter Users' Tips ====================== Ready to read and print Press (Control-B) to BeginR message): ------------------------------------------------------- o Always watch for the red light to come on after a or command. If it does not come on, FrEd has not attempted to save or load. For some unacceptable filenames, (containthan 15 characters in a filename Most unacceptable filenames will give a BAD PATHNAME message and the file will not be saved. Other unacceptable names will not give an error message as below: FILE NOT SAVED OR LOADED (with no ProDOS ERROll give you the FILE NOT FOUND message. PRODOS ERROR: BAD PATHNAME -------------------------- o Acceptable filenames in ProDOS must: - begin a filename with a letter - use only numbers, letters or periods in other places - have no more bove. PRODOS ERROR: FILE NOT FOUND ---------------------------- o Check the filename. ---Catalog and check for the exact spelling of the filename. Unless you type a name exactly as it appears on the catalog, FrEd cannot load the file and win purpose or by accident), sometimes "between pages" appears blank. FrEd is waiting for any key-press to continue scrolling screen display. ESC will also help to escape from printing. If this doesn't work... o Press CONTROL-RESET. ---As antrol-Reset. ---As outlined above. o You have a screenful of spaces. ---Use to begin again. .page NO TEXT ON SCREEN WHILE PRINTING -------------------------------- o Try pressing ESC key several times: ---If you are printing to the screen (o o Use or or Up-Down Arrows. ---Try going to the beginning or end of text. Your text may be scrolled up or down out of view. If you still see nothing: o Use . ---To reveal paragraph markers. If you still see nothing: o Try Co---------------------------------- o Check SIZE in data line. ---If SIZE = 0, there is no text in memory. If SIZE is not equal to 0, try the following: o Reset idth. ---Follow instructions above. If you still get nothing, try the following: f you mistype and enter a letter, symbol or press return without entering anything, all your text disappears. But your text is not gone. Use again and reset the number value. NO TEXT ON EDITING SCREEN (and you're not sure why): ---------wing: o Press CONTROL-RESET. ---Pressing Control-Reset should get FrEd's attention and return you to the editing screen. TEXT DISAPPEARS FROM EDITING SCREEN (after using ): --------------------------------------------- o Reset idth. ---IIDDLE OF WORK: ---------------------------------- On occasion FrEd will get "hung up" and not respond to any keys you press. FrEd is probably trying to do something it cannot do (for example, trying to PRINT to a printer that is not there). Try the follown, without worrying about spelling. Then using go back to the beginning and go through text correcting spelling. Then, go through for sentencing and paragraphing, etc.. .page TROUBLESHOOTING TIPS: ===================== FRED "HANGS" IN THE MCUMENT", lighted press RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT / DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: "Embedded Printer Codes page #" Use this with Printer Crecognize and intercept these codes. It reads them, re-sets itself according to the code and knows not to print them. o A program such as Appleworks inserts these characters into your text as it is sent to the printer at the places you indicated. d, etc) as you print using codes "embedded" in your text as it is printed. HOW EMBEDDED CODES WORK ----------------------- "Embedded codes" are characters inserted into text as a part of the text-stream sent to the printer. The printer knows to -quality, etc. Or you can run a "set-up" program to set your printer before you run your word processing program to print your text. 3. A COMBINATION: ---Set some font or character size on your printer first and set others (underline, bolrs let you embed/insert commands into your text (FrEdWRiter, Applewriter, PFS:Write). 2. THE PRINTER: ---For many new printers, the user can select font/character size with switches on the printer itself: such as, pica, elite, near-letter chemistry or footnoting numbers), etc. Larger letters are useful with lower grade students for easier reading. These features can be set through: 1. THE WORD PROCESSING PROGRAM: ---Some will do this for you (such as Appleworks) as you write. Othey of letter sizes and enhancements. Most letter quality printers let you set enhancements. You can print titles in wider print, underline portions of text, have words printed in boldface, italicize other words, use sub-script or super-script (for math or=========================================================== SETTING PRINTER ENHANCEMENTS: ---------------------------- In word processing the printer can play an important role in the final product. Most dot matrix printers allow you to print in a variet.................. 6 NOTE FOR FREDWRITER................................... 7 AS YOU GAIN PROFICIENCY............................... 8 .page ============================================================ WORD PROCESSING USING PRINTER ENHANCEMENTS = (or Pitch)............................. 4 Other Enhancements............................... 5 Line Spacing..................................... 5 USING FREDWRITER TO EMBED PRINTER CODES............ 6 Step-by-Step Example...........========================================================= SETTING PRINTER ENHANCEMENTS.......................... 3 HOW EMBEDDED CODES WORK............................... 3 WHAT PRINTER CONTROL CODES CAN DO..................... 4 Font Size Resource Specialist Memorial Junior High School San Diego, CA May 1986 .page ============================================================ CONTENTS ===EDDED PRINTER CODES: WORD PROCESSING USING PRINTER ENHANCEMENTS =========================== By Donald Beck odes File. That's all...  To re-read printing directions, Use LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW... =========================== EMB The codes are not actually part of the text file you make and will not appear on the screen. If you are printing to several printers, you won't have to change codes. .page o For programs such as FrEdWriter and Applewriter, you will embed codes into your text file. These codes will appear on the screen. Once the codes are in the text, it will be hard to "line up" columns. So, you should type all of your text first, positioned as you want it printed. Then, go through your textR TEXT FIRST: ---Have it set up just as you wish it to be printed. You will be adding characters that will not be printed, though they will show on the screen. With these "extra" characters, it is hard to see the "real" printed text. So, arne. Use this for printing blocks of text in sub- / super- scripting. Or for fun, printing text that makes pictures. .page USING FREDWRITER TO EMBED PRINTER CODES ----- -------------------------------------------------- o TYPE IN ALL YOU" page, the normal setting. -1/8" LINE SPACING: ---8 lines per inch or 88 lines per 11" page. -7/72" LINE SPACING: ---Letters are 7/72" high. This spacing will print the top edge of one line touching the bottom edge of the previous oen printing in both directions, letters do not line up exactly. With text it is not noticable; with columns of figures, etc., it is. o LINE SPACING: (setting size of line feed) -1/6" LINE SPACING: ---6 lines per inch or 66 lines per 11text (with line spacing set to 7/72") for cassete labels, etc. -ONE WAY PRINT: ---Causes the printer to print lines in one direction only. This is useful for column reports of numbers, lines, etc. that need to line up more exactly. Wh. "Emphasized" prints letters more slowly/densely in one pass across a line. -SUPER-/SUB-SCRIPTING: ---Half high letters printed slightly up or down. Use it for footnote numbers, chemistry or math printing. Or use it as a very small ne. Some printers have this enhancement. -BOLD FACE: ---Darker letters. Many printers offer two types. "Doublestrike" actually prints the letters of a line and then types the line again, printing the doublestrike letters a second timeThis is usually faster and neater than "back-spacing and printing underline" method some W-P programs offer. Printer underlining is continuous. -ITALICS: ---Letters are printed with a slant to make them stand apart from others in a litures; sometimes not. -NEAR LETTER QUALITY: ---Dot matrix letters with denser print to look more like letters typed with typewriter than dot matrix printer. .page o OTHER ENHANCEMENTS: -UNDERLINE: ---Letters are underlined as printed. e a wide setting that turns off automatically after one line and another that continues until turned off. -PROPORTIONAL: ---Different letters have different widths. Looks more like book printed text. Sometimes these combine with other feacpi) ---120, 136, 152 characters across an 8" page. -WIDE: ---usually doubles character sizes. Most often combines with another setting. For example, Pica-wide is 5 cpi; elite-wide is 6 cpi; condensed-wide, etc. Some printers havenhanced effects. Here is an explanation of some common features. o FONT (OR PITCH) SETTINGS: ---characters per inch (cpi) -PICA (10 cpi) ---80 characters across 8" page -ELITE (12 cpi) ---96 characters across 8" page -CONDENSED (15, 17, 19 another printer. WHAT PRINTER CONTROL CODES CAN DO --------------------------------- Printer control codes let you set how characters are printed on the paper. Depending on your printer's capabilities, you can set: font size, line spacing and other and embed codes as needed. To print to a different printer, you will have to change codes. If you will be printing a document to several printers, you may wish to save a copy without any embedded codes--- to make it simpler to prepare forrange first; then embed. o PLACE CURSOR: ---On top of the first character you wish to be printed in the different way. o PRESS (CONTROL-V): ---This lets you to enter Control- Characters. It goes off automatically when you type any non Control-Characters. o CHOOSE THE CODE AND TYPE IT IN: ---Control-Characters will be inverse. For, example, ESCape key will type an inverse "[" because: the ESC key is a Control-[. o REPEAT THESE STEPS: ---For each place you embed codes. EXAMPL============== Ready to read and print Press (Control-B) to Beginol-V. And in you can type Control-Letters of the code directly. --You will be asked if you want to replace the > or not. If you had typed />/code/A, it would replace all the >'s without asking.  Embedded Printer Codes ========SING > AS A MARKER: ------------------------------- --Place > wherever you wish to embed "code". --Type --Type at the FIND prompt: />/code/ --This tells FrEd to FIND > and REPLACE it with "code". You don't have to use Contrhat are not part of your text. (@,#,^,&,<,>, etc) o Go through your text and place markers where you want the particular code to be embedded. o Use to go to the beginning of your text. o Use to go into FIND/REPLACE. AN EXAMPLE UFrEdWriter. The idea is simple. You will place "markers" for embedded codes and use the FIND/REPLACE to FIND a marker and REPLACE it with the correct print code. It works as follows: o Type in all your text first. o Choose characters for "markers" t------------------------ There are some tricks you can use to embed codes more quickly and easily using FrEdWriter. It becomes tedious to embed commands one by one, especially if you have many. One timesaver is to make use of the FIND/REPLACE feature of CONTROL-@ (also called a NULL) If your printer requires a CONTROL-@ (or NULL) for a particular feature, FrEdWriter is not able to embed (or transmit) that code in text that FrEd prints to access that feature. .page AS YOU GAIN PROFICIENCY... --ction to end underlining. Etc. NOTE FOR FREDWRITER: ------------------- Review the codes in CODES.LIST file for your printer---or in your printer manual if not listed here. You will be able to embed any command EXCEPT the following, using FrEdWriter: you typed a non-Control-Character. The codes to begin and end underlining are now embedded. In this example the printer will intercept the Underline-On code and begin to underline the text after the code. It will underline until it sees an instru 9. Press (control-V). 10. Press the ESC key. 11. You should see an inverse-[, just after the last character to be underlined. 12. Now, type: -0 You will see the "-0" next to the inverse-[. will turn off automatically because d. .page 7. Now, type: -1 You will see the "-1" appear next to the inverse-[. will turn off automatically because you typed a non Control-Character. 8. Move cursor on top of first space or character NOT to be underlined. to be underlined. 4. Press (control-V), to let you type Control-Characters. 5. Press ESC key. ESC will "type in" a Control-[. 6. You will see an inverse "[" appear at cursor left, just ahead of the first character to be underline correct codes are: --Underline-ON: ESC -1 --Underline-OFF: ESC -0 REMEMBER: ESC means ESC key (which types: Control-[) 2. Enter all your text and have it positioned correctly. 3. Place cursor on top of the first characterE: To underline some text...using an Epson FX-100 ------------------------------------------------------- 1. Find the codes for underlining for the Epson FX-100. Use your printer manual or the printer codes listing file on this disk. The  Read these prompts first, please... Printer Codes Listing ====================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. With "PRINT THIS DOCoard. o <> enclosing a character: ---means a CONTROL- chacracter. For example, means Control-A. o ESC means: ---Type the ESC key. ESC is a Control-[, and for this reason will embed an inverse-[ in text. Most printer codes begin with ESCr or Applewriter to embed them in text. Use them with Appleworks to enter "Custom Printer" or "Special Codes" settings. FORMAT OF PRINTER CODES LISTED HERE ----------------------------------- o Codes are listed as they will be typed in from the keyb==================================================== PRINTER CODES OF VARIOUS PRINTERS ============================================================ The following pages list control codes related to printing text on various printers. Use them with FrEdWrite................................... 11 ================================= NOTE: Please send us more codes to expand this list! ================================= .page ========................... 9 Panasonic KX-P1091............................... 10 Smith Corona D200................................ 10 Letter Quality: -------------- Brother HR-15XL.................................. 11 Blank Form...... 10, 15 ................................... 7 Gemini 10X, 15X.................................. 8 MPI 88G ......................................... 8 Okidata.......................................... 9 Panasonic KX-P1090..................... 5 CITOH / Prowriter 8510 .......................... 5 Epson LX-80 Spectrum............................. 6 Epson MX-80, 100................................. 6 Epson FX-80, 100................................. 7 Gemini........................ 3 Control Codes for Some Printers: Dot Matrix: ---------- Apple Dot Matrix................................. 4 Apple Imagewriter................................ 4 Apple Imagewriter II ................... San Diego, CA May 1986 .page ============================================================ CONTENTS ============================================================ Format of Printer Codes Listed FOR VARIOUS PRINTERS ========================= By Donald Beck Resource Specialist Memorial Junior High School To re-read printing directions, Use LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW... ========================= PRINTER CODES UMENT", lighted press RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT / DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: "Printer Codes page #" That's all...  (Control-[). Beacuse of this printer codes are sometimes called "Escape Codes". o "other font": ---On many printers, turning one font size on will automatically turn the previous one off. "Other font" in "off" column indicates this situation. Any special "off" codes are listed. o "other line spacing": ---On most printers, setting a new line spacing cancels the previous setting. o Some commands add together: ---Each printer has its own capabilities. Try combinations to find whaSC > ESC< Draft Quality......... ESC a 1 ESC a 0 1/6" line spacing..... ESC A other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC B other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC T 14 other line spacing CITOH / PROWRITER 851...... ESC w ESC W (use with condensed) underline............. ESC X ESC Y bold face............. ESC ! ESC " sub-script............ ESC y ESC z super-script.......... ESC x ESC z one way print......... E condensed 2 (17 cpi).. ESC Q other font wide (many lines)..... proportional (pica)... ESC p other font proportional (elite).. ESC P other font Near Letter Quality... ESC a 2 ESC a 0 half-high.......---------- extended (9 cpi)...... ESC n other font pica (10 cpi)......... ESC N other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC E other font semi-cond.(13.4 cpi).. ESC e other font condensed 1 (15 cpi).. ESC q other font .... ESC A other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC B other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC T 14 other line spacing .page APPLE IMAGEWRITER II feature on off ------------------------------her font proportional (elite).. ESC P other font underline............. ESC X ESC Y italics............... --- --- bold face............. ESC ! ESC " one way print......... ESC > ESC< 1/6" line spacing...... ESC E other font semi-cond.(13.4 cpi).. ESC e other font condensed 1 (15 cpi).. ESC q other font condensed 2 (17 cpi).. ESC Q other font wide (many lines)..... proportional (pica)... ESC p ot 14 other line spacing APPLE IMAGEWRITER feature on off ---------------------------------------- extended (9 cpi)...... ESC n other font pica (10 cpi)......... ESC N other font elite (12 cpi)......... --- --- bold face............. ESC ! ESC " one way print......... ESC > ESC< 1/6" line spacing..... ESC A other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC B other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC T condensed 2 (17 cpi).. ESC Q other font wide (many lines)..... proportional (pica)... ESC p other font proportional (elite).. ESC P other font underline............. ESC X ESC Y italics......... on off ---------------------------------------- extended (9 cpi)...... ESC n other font pica (10 cpi)......... ESC N other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC E other font condensed 1 (15 cpi).. ESC q other fontnd <@>: --AppleWorks --Applewriter (ProDOS): Embed <_> (control-underline) instead of the <@>. Applewriter will substitute a <@> for <_> when sending text to the printer. .page APPLE DOT MATRIX feature the printer. The reason: the program itself uses the NULL for one of its own functions. -Cannot send <@> --FrEdWriter & Applewriter (DOS 3.3) Note: You can patch Applewriter (DOS 3.3) to transmit NULLs. -Can set range and variety of effects are possible for your printer. o <@> or Control-@: ---is known as a NULL. Several printers use NULL in their codes. And some word processing programs are unable to embed and then "transmit" this character to0 feature on off ---------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC N other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC E other font condensed (17 cpi).... ESC Q other font wide (many lines)..... proportional.......... ESC P other font underline............. ESC X ESC Y italics............... --- --- bold face............. ESC ! ESC " one way print......... ESC > ESC < 1/)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W ESC W <@> proportional.......... ESC Z ESC Z <@> underline............. ESC - ESC - <@> italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... E----------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC B other ESC B code elite (12 cpi)........ ESC B other ESC B code condensed (17 cpi).... ESC B other ESC B code or wide (one linepacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing GEMINI 10, 15 feature on off ------------------------------- ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U 1 ESC U 0 sub-script............ ESC S 0 ESC T super-script.......... ESC S 1 ESC T 1/6" line s font condensed (17 cpi).... wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W 1 ESC W 0 proportional.......... ESC p 1 ESC p 0 underline............. ESC - 1 ESC - 0 italics...............ne spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing .page EPSON FX-80, -100 feature on off ------------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC M otherone way print......... ESC U 1 ESC U 0 sub-script............ ESC S 0 ESC T super-script.......... ESC S 1 ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"lilines)..... ESC W 1 ESC W 0 proportional.......... --- --- underline............. ESC - 1 ESC - 0 italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H on off ------------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P other font elite (12 cpi)........ --- --- condensed (17 cpi).... wide (1 line)......... wide (many ....... ESC S 0 ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing EPSON MX-80, 100 feature italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U 1 ESC U 0 sub-script............ ESC S 1 ESC T super-script... wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W 1 ESC W 0 proportional.......... --- --- Near Letter Quality... ESC x 1 ESC x 0 (10 cpi) underline............. ESC - 1 ESC - 0 ----------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P ESC M elite (12 cpi)........ ESC M ESC P condensed (17 cpi).... pica + (goes to pica) condensed (19 cpi).... elite + (goes to elite)6" line spacing..... ESC A other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC B other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC T 14 other line spacing .page EPSON LX-80 (SPECTRUM) feature on off ---------SC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U ESC U <@> sub-script............ ESC S ESC T super-script.......... ESC S <@> ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing .page GEMINI 10X, 15X feature on off ---------------------------------------- densed (17 cpi).... pica + (goes to pica) condensed (19 cpi).... elite + (goes to elite) wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W ESC W <@> proportional.......... ESC o other other line spacing .page PANASONIC KX-P1091 feature on off ---------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC M other font con <@> sub-script............ ESC S ESC T super-script.......... ESC S <@> ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 ESC W <@> underline............. ESC - ESC - <@> italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U ESC U <@> elite (12 cpi)........ ESC P <@> ESC P condensed (17 cpi).... pica + (goes to pica) condensed (19 cpi).... elite + (goes to elite) wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W .....ESC 6 1/8" line spacing.....ESC 8 7/72"line spacing.....ESC % 9 PANASONIC KX-P1090 feature on off ---------------------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P ESC P underline.............ESC C ESC D italics............... bold face.............ESC T ESC I one way print......... sub-script............ESC L ESC M super-script..........ESC J ESC M 1/6" line spacing----------------- pica (10 cpi).........<^> elite (12 cpi)........<\> condensed (17,20 cpi).<]> wide (one line).......<_> <^> wide (many lines).....<_> proportional.......... Near Letter Quality...ESC 1 ESC 0 one way print......... ESC ESC 1/6" line spacing..... ESC other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 7/72"line spacing..... ---- .page OKIDATA feature on off -----------------------other font condensed (15 cpi).... ESC <_> other font wide (many lines)..... Serif font............ ESC <^> other font underline............. ---- italics............... ---- bold face............. ---- spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing MPI 88G feature on off ---------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC <\> other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC <]> one way print......... ESC U 1 ESC U 0 sub-script............ ESC S ESC T super-script.......... ESC S <@> ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line wide (many lines)..... ESC W ESC W <@> underline............. ESC - ESC - <@> italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H pica (10 cpi)......... ESC B other ESC B setting elite (12 cpi)........ ESC B other ESC B setting condensed (17 cpi).... ESC B other ESC B setting or wide (one line)....... font Near Letter Quality... ESC n other font underline............. ESC - ESC - <@> italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U ESC U <@> sub-script............ ESC S ESC T super-script.......... ESC S <@> ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spaclin computers and other Apple II look-alikes which have a true upper/lower case keyboard, including II+'s equipped with the Videx enhanced keyboard. Commands will work the way they do on Apple II+ computers; however, the shift key and upper/lower case capIn order for FrEd to run on Franklin computers, Apple's ProDOS must be patched to boot on the Apple look-alike. If you don't know how to do this, contact your local Franklin vendor or your Apple users' group. FrEdWriter can be modified to work on Frank  Printer Codes Listing ===================== Ready to read and print Press (Control-B) to Begin ... bold face............. bold (emphasized)..... doublestrike.......... one way print......... sub-script............ super-script.......... 1/6" line spacing..... 1/8" line spacing..... 7/72"line spacing.....------ pica (10 cpi)......... elite (12 cpi)........ condensed (17,20 cpi). wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... proportional.......... Near Letter Quality... underline............. italics............cing..... <^> other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... <^> other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... <^> other line spacing PRINTER: feature on off ----------------------------------ESC / ESC S half line down/up..... ESC U ESC D (sub-script) half line up/down..... ESC D ESC U (super-script) color ribbon.......... ESC A ESC B black ribbon.......... ESC B ESC A 1/6" line spa (15 cpi).... ESC <_> other pitch proportional.......... ESC P ESC Q underline............. ESC E ESC R bold (shadow print)... ESC O ESC & doublestrike.......... ESC W ESC & one way print......... lity Daisywheel) feature on off ------------------------------------------ pica (10 cpi)......... ESC S other pitch (panel set to 10) elite (12 cpi)........ ESC <_> other pitch condensed T super-script.......... ESC S 0 ESC T 1/6" line spacing..... ESC 2 other line spacing 1/8" line spacing..... ESC 0 other line spacing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing .page BROTHER HR-15XL (Letter Quarline............. ESC - 1 ESC - 0 italics............... ESC 4 ESC 5 bold (emphasized)..... ESC E ESC F doublestrike.......... ESC G ESC H one way print......... ESC U 1 ESC U 0 sub-script............ ESC S 1 ESCM other font condensed (17 cpi).... wide (one line)....... wide (many lines)..... ESC W 1 ESC W 0 proportional.......... ESC p 1 ESC p 0 Near Letter Quality... ESC ; ESC P or ESC M undeing 7/72"line spacing..... ESC 1 other line spacing SMITH CORONA D200 feature on off ---------------------------------------- pica (10 cpi)......... ESC P other font elite (12 cpi)........ ESC ablility of the newer keyboard should be available. I have not actually tested this procedure on a Franklin. It should work, however, according to my theory. Use ONLY a copy of the FrEdWriter disk. Book FrEdWriter. At the MAIN MENU, type Control-C Tyst POKE 0,52 before you run FrEd.) 13. You are now ready to start using the program. Reboot your computer and log on with the user name FRED and the system will come up. 14. To load files from floppy disks: a. log into t FrEd. This can be as simple as: 10 PRINT CHR$(4)"-FRED" 20 END However, you may wish to add a simple menu to allow rebooting the system and starting FrEd in 40 or 80 columns. (To start 40-column FrEd, you mu11. This process should result in a copy of FrEdWriter on the volume /FREE under user FRED. 12. Assuming you have ProDOS and BASIC.SYSTEM appropriately installed, all you need to do is write a simple STARTUP program to beginoption. Choose Slot 6, Drive 1, and name the volume /FREE. .page 10. Choose the COPY FILES Option. For Source, type in /FRED/FRED/FRED. For Destination, type in /FREE/FRED. The system will copy FrEdWriter to the Corvus System. for user FRED to A2BOOT and FREE, mounted as S7,D1. 5. Return to Corvus LOG ON. 6. Log on as A2PRODOS. 7. Place FREDWRITER in disk drive. 8. Choose the FILER option on the Corvus Utilities. 9. Choose the Format a New Volume must be at least 284 blocks in size. 2. Create a user FRED or something like that for the new workspace. 3. Give user A2PRODOS access to the FILER utilities as well as the new workspace. Mount FRED as S6,D1. 4. Grant access f you are not comfortable with this, you may want to read about the PRODOS filer in your Apple manual. Procedure for Copying FREDWRITER for NETWORKS onto the Corvus: 1. Create a Prodos workspace entitled FRED on the Drive for Fredwriter. It These directions will assume that the end user is comfortable with A2MGR on the Corvus and the creating of users, volumes, and access tables. The end user will need to understand a bit about PRODOS and pathways to copy this program onto the hard drive. I Directions for Mounting Fred Writer on Networks: These directions are written assuming that the program is to mounted on the CORVUS HARD DRIVE. It also assumes that the PRODOS operating system has been purchased and installed on the CORVUS HARD DISK. n and Apple II+ with videx enhanced keyboards. Al Rogers Hands-On Training Company pe the following commands at the Applesoft Command Prompt: BLOAD /FRED/FRED/FRED,A$2000,TSYS CALL-151 59FB:FF BSAVE /FRED/FRED/FRED,A$2000,L$3EE0,TSYS 2000G If my theories are correct, you should now have a disk which will allow FrEd to run on a Franklihe word processor b. Switch to the Floppy: oad : ?,S4,D1. You will see the catalog on the Floppy Disk. c. Type the name of the text file; e.g., DOCUMENTATION 15. To save files to Corvus: a. Switch to the Corvus: ave: ?,S7,D1. You will see the catalog of the Corvus. b. Type the name of the file to save it on the network.   YOU ARE LOOKING AT THE END OF THIS FILE! TYPE CONTROL-B TO MOVE TO THE EGINNING OF THIS FILE. does not like  Tell about what he or she wishes for  Describe how he or she feels about himself or herself  What are his or her hobbies and interests?  How do you really feel about your person?e, size, face,  eyes, cheeks, chin, nose,  mouth, skin, hair, expression, and other physical traits.  Tell what he or she does when they are happy  Describe what he or she likes  Describe what he or she ENCE or PARAGRAPH to answer each prompt. Write a good PARAGRAPH about the name of your person   Write a PARAGRAPH which tells how you know the person  Describe how he or she looks. Think about ag  WRITE A STORY ABOUT A PERSON **************************** Use the DOWN-ARROW key to move the CURSOR to the space below each box. DO NOT USE THE RETURN KEY ========================= Then write a good SENTis paragraph: it was a hot summer day we decided to go to the beach and have a cookout we went swimming we cooked hamburgers and hot dogs we played volleyball Some of these are sentences; some are not. Make them all sentences. 1. The little black dog. 2. When I go to the beach. 3. They went to the store. 4. Sometimes when I am very sleepy. 5. She bought a hamburger. Add capitals and punctuation to thName: Date: Check these sentences for capitalization: 1. i live in oceanside, california. 2. richard and mary go to el camino high school. 3. meet me at john's house on saturday. 4. do you live on oak street? 5. how far is it to los angeles?PRACTICE ONE Practice cursor movement, inserting and deleting with this file. Some sample text typed below by frantically fast fingers exemplifies errors requiring repair. (Ahem) Please peruse and carefully correct it. ---------------------------------ill be able to create using the word processor. ========================== [4] INDENTING PARAGRAPHS: Using TAB ========================== Indent the above paragraph 5 spaces. ========================== [5] SPLITTING PARAGRAPHS: Inserting returns ==tant for you to learn how to do without even thinking. You will find that knowing how to do this will help you while you are word processing. When you are able to do this then you will be even move freed from the mechanics of using the program, but you w. I think "Micky" is a TV show. 5. The book was. ======================== [3] JOINING PARAGRAPHS: Deleting RETURNS (paragraph markers) ======================== Join all the sentences in this section so they make up one paragraph. This will be impore following sentences. Add adjectives to make the sentences more interesting. Do not retype the sentences. Example - I hit the ball. One answer - I hit the ball loudly. 1. I think that math is difficult. 2. She works. 3. The boys climb. 4ver he wants wants to. ------------------- Use the closed apple with the delete key to delete this sentence (one line at a time). ------------------- ================ [2] INSERTING = placing words in an existing sentence. ================ Look at th======== Look at the following sentence. There are words that are repeated. Use the delete key to remove the extra words. Remember to place the cursor to the right of what you delete: it gobbles to the left. The rat rat may eat the the ice cream whenePRACTICE TWO This file will give you more practice with FredWriter. Follow the directions for each section. Press (Control-R) to hide the paragraph markers before you begin work. =============== [1] DELETING = removing words from a file. =======---------------------- When you are done making corrections, save the file by the name ONE.CORRECTED.  PRESS THE CONTROL-B KEY TO GET TO THE BEGINNING OF THE FILE.------ Thi is a public domain word processor that is inteded to b used in the school setting. If you ar able to take a classs or if you have already used a wrd processor, this will be eazy. hTe kat in the ouse may eat the ice creem. -----------------======================== Look at the big paragraph that you just made. Split that paragraph so each sentence is on its own line. ================== [6] MOVING TEXT: Open-Apple and left/right arrows ================== Temporary deletion and then retrieval at cursor's new location. Here are some sentences. They are out of order. Your task is to put them in order without retyping the sentences. 1st: SPLIT the sentences so each is on its own line. 2nd: MOVE them into sequence. 3rd: JOIN them intName: Date:  TYPE YOUR NAME AND THE DATE ABOVE. USE ARROWS TO MOVE DOWN DO NOT USE RETURN ================= You will write a book report. Write under the boxes.  Write the title  to go to the  beginning of this file PRACTICE.TWO You can turn "case change" off by: -typing again -using UP or DOWN arrow -------------------------- You are finished with this section. Practice using FredWriter to write letters, and other files.  PRESS (Control-B) case using . After a , moving the cursor over letters with the LEFT & RIGHT arrows will change case of the letters: upper to lower, lower to upper. You can LEFT or RIGHT arrow thru an entire file, if you really want to... with interesting results!ursor on any letter in the first sentence in this section. Press (Control-C). Use the right arrow key to move the cursor over letters. See what happens? Use the left arrow. See what happens? Change the heading of this section so it is upper um is soft. I pull open the door. My pull is careful. A light clicks on. I look inside. ------------------------ ==================== [12] CHANGING CASE ==================== This feature is not covered in the documentation at this time. Put the cs. Example - I sneak through the house. My sneaking is quiet. One answer - I quietly sneak through the house. Shadows are everywhere. The shadows are huge. I am feeling hungry. I go to the refrigerator. It makes a hum in the darkness. Its h [11] INSERTING, DELETING, MOVING ================================== These sentences tell a story. Make each pair of sentences into one longer sentence, so that the story flows more easily and is more interesting. Try not to use "and" to join sentenceng ============= Use (Control-W) to change the line length of this file to 20. Look over the file, then change the line length back to 65 (or 38 if you are on a 40 column screen). ------------------------------- ==================================re/ ====================== Use the find and replace to change the word 'count' to 'figure'. Remember to put the cursor at the beginning of the file! ------------------------------ ============= [10] WIDTH: to set,

rint screen to read setti========= Use (Control-F) to help you count how many times the word "word" is used in this file. Remember to put the cursor at the beginning of the file! ------------------------------ ====================== [9] FIND AND REPLACE: /count/figu===== Press (Control-R) to check your paragraph for returns (FrEd calls them "paragraph markers"). There should be only one "paragraph marker" --- at the end of the paragraph. ------------------------------- =========== [8] FIND: /word/ ==ash the sheets, so I did that. I thought about how I would go about making the bed. First, I decided to take the cover and the blankets off. ----------------------------- ================= [7] PARAGRAPH: Chunk of text between returns. ============o one paragraph. ----------------------------- When I saw the bed I didn't know where to start. Then I removed the top and bottom sheets. Second, I decided to take the pillow cases off the pillows. After I did all the work, I discovered that I needed to wWrite the author.  Write several sentences about the story. What happens?  Where? When?  Tell about something you learned from the story.  Write some sentences about why you liked the storwriting being created. When the document is printed, the prompts disappear and the student's own writing magically comes together in one coherent piece. The files on this disk which end with ".PRMP" illustrate prompted writing. They are: PERSON.PRuce Fleury of San Diego, allows you to construct on-screen directions to the student. These instructions, enclosed in a protected box, are called "Prompt Boxes." The directions inside the prompt boxes guide the student in the development of the piece of PROMPTED WRITING ----------------------------------------------------------------- Prompted writing is a SPECIAL FEATURE of FrEd which lets you EASILY and EFFECTIVELY guide your students' writing. This technique, developed by Brse LEFT or UP ARROW to scroll up.  To read the text following, Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW...   ====================== Ready to read and print Press (Control-B) to Beginpress RETURN. These instructions will not print.(Use RIGHT or DOWN ARROW to continue) If desired: --Set LEFT MARGIN to 10. --Set TOP LINE to print a header: " page #" That's all...  To re-read printing directions, U  Read these prompts first, please...  ====================== This file is paged and ready to  print using 80 column FrEdWriter. To Print:  1. Type

(control-P) to go to Print Menu. 2. With "PRINT THIS DOCUMENT", lighted y.  Sample Book Report Press to go to the beginningMP HAIKU.PRMP DESCRIPT.PRMP TALL.PRMP Characteristics of, and other thoughts about, prompt boxes: 1. A prompt box appears on the screen with a long white bar at the top, a white left margin, and a long white bar along the bottom. This is illustrated here (Note: hard copy printout of this text file will show a blank space below):  This is a prompt box 2. Prompts are always constructed on a 40 column screen (text width set to 38 with the idth command.) If all youe the directions at the end of the file to prompt the student to move to the eginning of the file. 13. Also notice the consistent directions at the beginning of each file, which tell the student to use the arrow keys to move, and avoid using the BENEATH the prompt box. PERSON.PRMP, HAIKU.PRMP, and DESCRIP.PRMP all use this approach. Others have the students write ABOVE the box. See TALL.PRMP as an example of this approach. 12. Look at the sample prompted writing files on this disk. Notic should ensure carriage returns (shown as Paragraph Markers, or inverse "P's") be entered at the END of each paragraph. The directions can then tell the student to avoid pressing the RETURN key. .page 11. Some prompted lessons have the student writeoup. This can save you lots of confusion with the entire class. 10. To avoid confusion and unpredictible results regarding correct paragraphing, it is best to construct the prompts with the required carriage returns already in place. That is, you require planning and thought. Avoid using phrases which can be answered with single words. Use words which elicit writing: "Describe," "relate," "tell in your own words." Before using prompts with an entire class, TEST the prompt on a small sample grt is permanent. (However, this has no effect on the original file saved on your disk.) This operation is described below. 9. A good prompted writing activity elicits high quality writing in accordance with your writing objectives. The best promptsLY remove the prompts from a file, leaving only the text which was entered outside the prompt boxes. This allows a student to go back and edit the composition without the distraction of the prompt boxes. The removal of prompts from the memory resident texs RETURN. The destination will change from printer to SCREEN. Now, when you press RETURN, the text will be printed to the screen without the prompts. Remember to change PRINT DESTINATION back to PRINTER when you want to print. 8. You can PERMANENT** 7. A good way to preview the student's writing without the prompts, and without the need to have a printer handy, is to print the text to the screen. Go to the

rint menu. Use the arrow keys to move the highlighter to PRINT DESTINATION. Pres change the "Print Prompts" option on the

rint menu to "yes." This is an example of how a prompt box will appear when it is printed: ****************************************** ** ** This is a prompt box ** **************************************** words wrap around to the left end of the screen, and the blank space expands to accommodate the writing. It is not necessary for the student to press RETURN. 6. Normally, prompt boxes will not print. If you want to print out your prompted file, beeping" of the cursor through the box by holding the Open-Apple Key down. .page 5. The student uses the arrow keys to move to the blank line between prompt boxes to begin writing. As the student's typing approaches the right edge of the screen, thebox or move into it using the arrow keys, the cursor will "beep" its way through the box. This prevents students from accidentally altering the prompt or otherwise damaging the text file. 4. If you have a long prompt box to read, you can stop the "r prompted activities are in 40 columns, they can be exchanged or contributed to a "pool" of lessons which can be used by teachers who don't have 80-column cards. 3. Normally, the cursor will not enter a prompt box. Instead, if you try to delete a RETURN key. 14. When the student saves their file to the disk, the file is save exactly as it appears on the editing screen, prompts and all. If the prompts have been removed as described in number 8 above, the file on the disk will not have prompts. 15. After you have written a prompted lesson and saved it to the disk, protect your original from accidental deletion by the students. There are two ways you can do this: a. Put a write-protect tab over the notch on the disk so the siter (c) 1984 Paul Lutus"8 "ProDOS (c) 1983 Apple"L X"*FrEdTips #1"g Y"by Don Beck, et.al." Z"(c) 1986 CUE Softswap" [" " \"FrEdLessons #1" c"*SeaDevil" d"by Mary Ann Wheeler" e"*Poetry" f"by Barbara Miller-Souviney") JTBEX1, K(36((L$(L))TB))2):B LEXĺEB$;BB$;UB$;K ML$;] NEXĺEE$;UE$;c Oj PLp V WJ0ľA$:A$"Y"72 ZJ d(4)"PR#0" x "*FrEdWriter V4.1" "by Al Rogers" "(c) 1986 CUE Softswap" "FreeWr" HOW MANY LABELS";NN$:NN(NN$):NN15D J1(CH$):K15O L$(K) 2(L$(K))(((L$(K))42)16((L$(K))42)34)ĺK" IS TOO LONG: "L$(K): <K:J = A(4)"PR#1" FJ0NN HL15 IEX0:L$L$(L):(L$)42EX1:L$(L$(L),2 vil/Poetry":"4. Charles":"5. Mouse"c "6. Tall Tales":"7. Fables":"8. Charoltte" "9. Witch":"10. Frilless FrEd" "11. COW (Computer Organized Writing":" in lieu of Witch of Blackbird Pond)" CH$:CH$"1"CH$"9"Ĭ- (21)1000"ZEB$(14):EE$(15):EXPANDED BEGIN,END IMAGEWRITERUB$(27)"X":UE$(27)"Y":UNDERLINE BEGIN,ENDBB$(27)"!":BE$(27)(34): BOLDFACE BEGIN,END 5:"1. FrEdWriter":"2. FrEdTips"+ "3. SeaDe Cursor will appear at the top of the file Enter Prompt Box Mode Move cursor and edit text OA-P Exit Prompt Box Mode STOP CURSOR SCROLL IN A LONG PROMPT BOX Open Apple PERMANENTLY DELETE PROMPTS FROM TEXT OA-P OA-R Respond Y to "Are you sure?" prompt OA-A Prints top line RETURN Jump to next line, print side line Type your prompt OA-Z Enter bottom line, exits prompt mode EDIT or DELETE an EXISTING BOX OA-P A-P (Hold down the Open-Apple key and then press the P key. Works the same way CONTROL and SHIFT work.) EXIT Prompt Box Mode with another OA-P or OA-Z (see below) CONSTRUCT a Prompt Box: OA-P Enters Prompt Box Mode lesson files. .page WORKING WITH PROMPT BOXES ================================================================= Prompt Boxes can be created, edited, deleted, and removed ONLY from the "Prompt Box Mode." ENTER Prompt Box Mode with Or-writing of the file. You can do this from the FrEdWriter Main Menu, item number 6: View, Copy, Delete a Document. See FrEdWriter Documentation, DOC.A, for more information. This option allows your students to save their work on the same disk as your tudents can't write to the disk. The students in this case would have to load the prompted file from your disk, remove it, and place another data disk in the drive to save their own work. b. Lock the prompted file, which prevents accidental ove gFrEdLessons #2% m"*Charles"l n"by Sharilyn McSwan","(c) 1986 CUE Softswap"," ","FrEdLessons #3" o"*Mouse and the","*Motorcycle" p "by Jan Garbosky","(c) 1986 CUE Softswap" ,"FrEdLessons #4" 'v"*Tall Tales","by Linda Chick","(c) 1986 CUE Softswap"," ","FrEdLessons #5"u"*Fable Factory","by Kim Cooley","(c) CUE Softswap"," ","FrEdLessons #6""*Charlotte's Web","by Debbie Atkerson-Beldock","and Patty Fares","(c) 1986 CUE Softswap","FrEdLessons #7"  "*Witch of","*Blackbir 1986, CUE, INC. * ***************************************** YOU ARE AT THE END OF THIS FILE: PRESS CTRL-B TO GO TO THE EGINNING OF THIS FILE FrEdLessons  ***************************************** * COMPUTER USING EDUCATORS * ***************************************** * PROGRAM MAY BE COPIED FOR EDUCATIONAL * * USE ONLY & MAY NOT BE SOLD. * * COPYRIGHT (C)To receive additional ordering information, call (415) 685-7265. ================================================================= COPYRIGHT.... AGAIN ================================================================= able from CUE SoftSwap for $40.00. (Sorry... we are unable to ship partial sets.) Make checks payable to SoftSwap and send to: CUE SoftSwap P.O. Box 271704 Concord, CA 94527-1704 ATED DISKS. PLEASE DO NOT PHONE FOR SUPPORT. ================================================================= ORDERING ================================================================= The complete set of FrEd disks is availto invoke letter quality mode."'O"Press any key to continue";:A$:U$H,"[In Lieu of Witch of","Blackbird Pond]","FrEdLessons #8"E:8"This program will print FrEdWriter and FrEdLessons Labels on an Imagewriter""printer.":!"If you have an Imagewriter II you might like to press the print quality button d Pond"N "by Chris Evans", "(c) CUE Softswap","FrEdLessons #8" "*Frilless FrEd","by Al Rogers","Version 4 (c) 1986 CUE Softswap" "FreeWriter (c) 1984 Paul Lutus","ProDOS (c) 1983 Apple"<"*C.O.W.","(Computer Organized Writing)"